conditional sentences grammar

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CONDITIONAL SENTENCES


Type I

C th xy ra hin ti, hoc trong tng lai

Type II

Khng c tht hin ti

Type III

Khng c tht trong qu kh

E.g: You will be obese if you don't stop eating

E.g: If he were not very ill, he would be at work

E.g: If she had studied hard, she would have pass the exam


Type I: Real in Present or Future
IF CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSEEXAMPLESSimple present(V1)WillCan + V(bare-inf)ShallMayIf I have money, I will go to Japan.If you drop it, itll breakSimple presentIf you expose phosphorus to air, it burns. ImperativeIf you see him, tell him to ring me


Type II: Unreal in Present
IF CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSEEXAMPLESPast Simple(V2; be were)CouldWould + V(bare-inf)ShouldMightIf I had money, I would go to Japan.If I lived by the sea, I would do a lot of swimmingIf I were a bird, I would be very happy.If I were you, I would change my job.If she left her husband, she might be happier


Type III: Unreal in Present
IF CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSEEXAMPLESPast Perfect(had + V3)CouldWould + have + V3ShouldMightIf I had had money last year, I would have gone to Japan.If it hadnt rained heavily yesterday, we would have gone to beach for a picnicIf he had come to see me yesterday, I would have taken him to the movies.If I had known that you were ill, I would have come to see you.


Unless = If not

Unless: tr khi nu khng

Type I:You will be sick if you don't stop eating

=> You'll be sick unless youstopeating

Type II:If he were not very ill, he would be at work

Type III:

If she had not given them the money, they would have shot her

=> Unless hewerevery ill, he would be at work

=> They would have shot her unlessshe'd giventhem the money


Type I:

Type II:

Type III:

Real in present or future

IF + S + V (Simple Present), S + Will / Can / Shall / May + V(bare-inf)

V (Simple Present)

Imperative

Unreal in Present

IF + S + V2 (Simple Past), S + Could / Would / Should / Might +V(bare-inf)

Unreal in the past

IF + S + had + V3 (Past Perfect), S + Could / Would / Should / Might have +V3


CU IU KIN HN HP

IF + S + HAD + Vpp, S + WOULD + V-inf

E.g:

- If he had worked harder at school, he would be a student now. (He is not a student now)

- If I had taken his advice, I would be rich now. (I am not rich now)

IF + S + V2, S + WOULD + HAVE + Vpp

E.g:

- If I were you, I would have learned English earlier.

- If he didnt love her, he wouldnt have married her.

Gi thit tri Qu Kh, Kt qu tri Hin ti

Gi thit tri Hin ti, Kt qu tri Qu Kh

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O NG TRONG CU IU KIN

o ng cu iu kin loi 1:

SHOULD + S + V, S + WILL +V-inf

E.g:

If he has free time, hell play tennis.

=> Should he have free time, hell play tennis

If you should meet her, please ask her to call me at once.

=> Should you meet her, please ask her to call me at once.

Cu 1/ ____ Mary study hard, she will pass the exama. If b. Should c. Were d. Had

Vi cu nay, nhiu ngi thy mnh bn kia l "will" s ngh ngay n cu iu kin loi 1 nn chn ngay p n l AChung ta thy rng nu l cu iu kin loi 1 th mnh If l th hin ti n.Vy phi l "If Mary studies..." nhng y li l "......Mary study....." < Khng sai ng php u nhe @@>

-> y ngi ta dng o ng cho cu iu kin loi 1. Vy cch o ng th no ?

Ngi ta s dng "Should" v o ch ng ra sau "Should"Ex: If you should run into Tom, tell him he owes me a letter--> Should you run into Tom, tell him....

* Nh vy cu 1:- "will" --> l cu iu kin loi 1- study dng nguyn mu, trong khi trc n l ch t ngi th 3 s t--> phi dng Should o ng --> chn p n B

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WERE + S + (TO) + V, S + WOULD + V-inf

E.g:

If I learnt Russian, I would read a Russian book.

=> Were I to learn Russian, I would read a Russian book

If I were you, I would not do such a rude thing.

=> Were I you, I would not do such a rude thing.

Cu 2/ _____they stronger, they could lift the tablea. If b. Should c. Were d. Had

i vi cu nay- Mnh bn kia c "could + V1" --> cu iu kin loi 2Nu l cu iu kin loi 2 th mnh If phi chia QK (be-> were)Nh vy nu ng phi l:-> If they were stronger, they could lift the table

y ngi ta dng o ng, v cu K loi 2 phi dng "Were" v o ch t ra sau.

Ex: If they were stronger, they could lift the table--> Were they stronger, they could lift the table

* Nh vy cu 2 --> chn p n C

* TRONG CU K LOI 2, N TRONG CU C WERE TH O NG LN TRC, CN KHNG C TH MN "WERE" V DNG "TO V1"

Ex1: If I learnt English, I would read a English book.-> Were I to learn English, I would read a English book.

Ex2: If they lived in Nha Trang now, they would go swimming.

-> Were they to live in Nha Trang now, they would go swimming.

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HAD + S + V3/VED, S + WOULD HAVE + V3/Ved

E.g:

If he had trained hard, he would have won the match.

=> Had he trained hard, he would have won the match.

If it hadnt been for your help, I wouldnt have succeeded.

=> Had it not been for your help, I wouldnt have succeeded.

Cu 3/ _____Mary studied hard, she would have passed the exama. If b. Should c. Were d. Had

Vi cu nay- Mnh bn kia "would have passed" y chnh l cu iu kin loi 3 thm ko --> chn p n A ^^

Hy xem nu l cu K loi 3 th mnh If phi chia qu kh hon thnh.Nh vy nu ung phai la If Mary had studied hard, she ->Trong khi y l "...Mary studied hard..." khng c "had"

--> Nh vy i vi cu K loi 3 ngi ta s dng "Had" v o ch t ra sau ng.

Ex: If Mary had studied hard, she would have passed the exam--> Had Mary studied hard, she would have passed the exam.-> p n ng phi l p n D

*** Tm li:Cu iu kin loi 1: dng Should o ngCu iu kin loi 2: dng Were o ngCu iu kin loi 3: dng Had o ng

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Trong cu iu kin, c th thay IF bng:

Provide (that),

On condition (that)

As long as

so long as

Suppose, Supposing

: min l, vi iu kin l

: gi s nh

In case

: trong trng hp

Even if

Imagine (that)

: ngay c khi, d cho

: cho l, cho rng

E.g: If I forget, please remind me of my promise.

=> In case I forget, please remind me of my promise.

=> Provide that you tell the truth, your mother would allow you to go out.

If you tell the truth, your mother would allow you to go out.



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GAME

Money

Buy a car

Wing

Fly

Lazy

Bad mark

Study hard

Good mark

Miss the train

Late for work

GAME

SUPERSTITIONS ABOUT CHRISTMAS AND NEW YEAR

If the first person to enter the house after midnight on New Years Day is a dark haired man you will

have good luck.

If the first person to enter the house after midnight on New Years Day is a red head and/or a woman, you will

have bad luck.

If you open the door at the stroke of midnight on New Year,

good luck will come into the house, and bad luck will leave.



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If you find a ring in your Christmas pudding, you will

be the next person at the table to marry

If you put a piece of Christmas cake under your pillow, you will

dream of your future husband

If a child is born on New Years Day, the family will become

rich



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If you sweep the house on New Years Day,

you will sweep the good luck out.

If you dont pay back your bank loans before New Year, you will

be in debt all year.

If you are born on Xmas Day, you will never

meet a ghost



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WISH AND IF ONLY

Wish: ao c

If only: gi m, phi chi

C 3 dng cu mong c:

1. Mong c khng tht hin ti:

Khng nh: S + wish(es) + S + V2/-ed + O (to be: were / werent)

Ph nh: S + wish(es) + S + didnt + V1

Eg:

I wish I were rich. (But I am poor now)

We wish that we didnt have to go to class today. (We have to go to class)

I wish my love were here. (He isnt here. I wish he were here).

IF ONLY

If only I were rich.

If only my love were here.

Sau WISH v IF ONLY, ngi ta thng dng mt mnh ch mt iu ao c (khng tht). N c xem nh mt mnh danh ng.

C 3 loi mnh sau WISH v IF ONLY c dng ch s ao c tng lai, hin ti v qu kh.

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WISH AND IF ONLY

Wish: ao c


2. Mong c khng tht qu kh:

Khng nh: S + wish(es) + S + had + V3/-ed

Ph nh: S + wish(es) + S + hadnt + V3/-ed

Eg:

I wish I hadnt failed my exam last year. (I failed my exam)

I wish I had met him yesterday. (I didnt meet him)

IF ONLY

If only I hadnt failed my exam last year. (I failed my exam)

If only I had met him yesterday. (I didnt meet him)



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WISH AND IF ONLY

Wish: ao c


3. Mong c khng tht trong tng lai

Khng nh: S+ wish(es) + S + would + V1

Ph nh: S + wish(es) + S + wouldnt + V1

Eg:

I wish I would be a teacher in the future.

John wishes he were coming with us.

I wish I would pass the exam next week.

IF ONLY

If only I wish I would be a teacher in the future.

If only I would pass the exam next week.



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conditional sentences grammar

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