FORMATIVE TEST II

1.ELIPTICAL

2.PREPOSITION

3.CONDITIONAL (IF)

What is conditional sentence?1. Conditional sentence is a complex sentence, which consists

of an if clause.

2. The if clause is the dependent clause used to express a condition for result (independent clause).

For instance :

condition resultIf interest rates rise company profits will fall.

There are four type of conditional sentences:

1.Zero type (real condition)2.First type (future/ real possible condition)3.Second type (Present unreal condition)4.Third type (Past unreal condition)

The four types of conditional sentences

1. Zero conditional (Real condition)

condition result

If clause (dependent)If + present tense,

Independent clause+ present tense

Example:If students study systematically,

They usually get good grades

1. ZERO CONDITIONAL•If + present simple, + present simple

•Meaning: the condition indicates facts or things are always true; the time is not specific; if has the same meaning as when or whenever,

Zero Conditional Examples:

a.If you freeze water, it becomes a solid.

b.Plants die if they don't get enough water.

c.If my husband has a cold, I usually catch it.

d.If public transport is efficient, people stop

using their cars.

e.If you mix red and blue, you get purple.

2. First conditional (future possible con)

If clause (dependent)condition

Independent clauseResult

If + present tense + future tense with will/ may/ might/ should + infinitive

Example:If the students score at least 85% on the exam,

They will be eligible for an exemption

• 2. FIRST CONDITIONAL• If + present simple, + future tense with

will or modal verbs may/can/might/should + infinitive

• Meaning: expresses a possible condition in the future with a reasonably likely result.

• If the students score at least 85% on the exam, they will be eligible for an exemption.

3. Second conditional ( Present unreal)

If clause (dependent) Condition

Independent clauseResult

If + simple past + would/ might/ could + infinitive

Example:If I knew the student well, I would advise him not to take

the exam in February.

2. Second conditional (Present Unreal)•If + simple past, + would/might/could + infinitive •Meaning: refers to imaginary, hypothetical situations; talking about a possible event in the future, but results are only remotely likely to happen; often used to give advice.•Example:•If I knew the student well, I would advise him not to take the exam in February.

Example Explanation

If I were you, I would drive more carefully in the rain.

I am not you — this is unreal.

Paula would be sad if Jan left.

Jan will not leave — that's not going to happen.

If dogs had wings, they would be able to fly.

Dogs don't have wings — that's impossible.

4.Third conditional (Past Unreal)

If clause (dependent) Condition

Independent clauseResult

If + past perfect, + would/might/could + infinitive could have + past participle

Example :If the students had studied harder,

They could have passed the final exam.

4. THIRD CONDITIONALIf + past perfect, + would/could/might + have + past participle •Meaning: refers to an imaginary past situation and speculates what might have been;

•It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the past.

• If I had worked harder I would have passed the exam(but I didn't work hard, and I didn't pass the exam).

• If I'd known you were coming I'd have baked a cake(but I didn't know, and I haven't baked a cake).

• If Paul Walker hadn’t joined in his friend’s car, he would have not died in the accident.

(but He joined in his friend’s car, and he didn’t survive in the accident)

PORSCHE GT (5700 V10 612PS)

SUMMARY

The Conditional Clause using “Unless”

1. Unless has the same meaning as “if ….. Not” Eg: I won’t go if you don’t come with me.

I won’t go unless you come with me.2. We often use “unless” in sentences which warn the result

of doing somethingEg : If you don’t hurry, you’ll be late.

Unless you hurry, you’ll be late.3. Note that “unless’ is followed by an affirmative verb,

I won’t go unless you come with me.Unless you hurry, you’ll be late.

4. Also note that the main clause is usually in the simple present tense.

Eg : He can’t see clearly unless he wears his spectacles.

Exercise 1

Practice completing the following conditional sentence!

1. If I studied BE harder, _______________________

2. If Edith goes to the post office, _________________

3. Bill and I will wait for you right here if _____________

4. What will you say to Mr. Cole if _________________

5. If I find someone’s wallet on the street ____________

6. If the weather is bad tomorrow __________________

7. If I have any trouble with this lesson ______________

8. If you don’t have any money ____________________

9. You’ll surely get wet today if _____________________

10. You can ask the lecturer if ______________________

Exercise 2

1. The injured man ______ (die) unless a doctor is called at once.

2. Don’t eat all the rice unless you _______ (be) really hungry.

3. Unless you push hard, the door _____ (not open).4. You can’t come with us unless there _____ (be) room in

the car for you.5. Unless you ______ (put) the plants in the shade, they’ll all

die.6. He never_____ (spend) any money on clothes unless it

is absolutely necessary.7. Unless you come along, she _____ (be) angry.8. If you do not do it yourself, no one else _____ (bother)

about it.

Use the Second Type conditional!

1. It’s Monday today, but if it ____________ (be) Saturday, I ________________ (go) to the beach.

2. I don’t have any money now, but if _____________ (have) some, I _____________ (lend) it to you.

3. I have to work tomorrow, but if I _____________ (be) free, I _____________ (go) shopping with you.

4. Amy can only speak one language, but if she ____ (can) speak two languages, she __ (apply) for a job at the Multicultural Center.

5. Sue doesn’t know how to knit. If she __________ (know) how to knit, she ___________ (make) a sweater for you for your birthday.

Complete the Conditional Sentences Type III.

1.If the midfielders……..(pass) the ball more exactly, our team ………(have) more chances to attack. 2.If the forwards ………(run) faster, they…….(score) more goals. 3.Their motivation ……… (improve) if they……..(kick) a goal during the first half. 4.The fullbacks …….. (prevent) one or the other goal if they ……… (mark) their opponents. 5.If the goalie……… (jump up), he……..(catch) the ball.

IF I HAD A MILLION DOLLARS

If I had a million dollarsIf I had a million dollars

Well, I’d buy you a houseI would buy you a house

And if I had a million dollarsIf I had a million dollars

I’d buy you furniture for your houseMaybe a nice chesterfield or an ottoman

And if I had a million dollarsIf I had a million dollars

Well, I’d buy you a K-CarA nice reliant automobile

And if I had a million dollars, I’d buy your love

If I had a million dollarsI’d build a tree-fort in our yard

If I had a million dollars you could helpIt wouldn’t be that hard

If I had a million dollarsMaybe we could put a little tiny fridge

In there somewhereWe could just go up there and hang out

Like open the fridge and stuffAnd there’d all be foods laid out for us

Like little pre-wrapped sausages and things

They have pre-wrapped sausagesBut they don’t have pre-wrapped bacon

Well, can you blame them?Yeah

If I had a million dollarsIf I had a million dollars

Well, I’d buy you a fur a coatBut not a real fur coat, that’s cruel

And if I had a million dollarsIf I had a million dollars

Well, I’d buy you an exotic petYep, like a llama or an emu

• If I had a million dollarsWell, I’d buy you John Merrick’s remains

All them crazy elephant bonesAnd if I had a million dollars I’d buy your

love

If I had a million dollarsWe wouldn’t have to walk to the store

If I had a million dollarsWe’d take a Limousine ’cause it costs more

If I had a million dollarsWe wouldn’t have to eat Kraft dinner

But we would eat Kraft dinner

Of course we would, we’d just eat moreAnd buy really expensive ketchups with itThat’s right, all the fanciest Dijon ketchups

If I had a million dollarsIf I had a million dollars

Well, I’d buy you a green dressBut not a real green dress, that’s cruel

And if I had a million dollarsIf I had a million dollars

Well, I’d buy you some artA Picasso or a Garfunkel

If I had a million dollarsIf I had a million dollars

Well, I’d buy you a monkeyHaven’t you always wanted a monkey?If I had a million dollars I’d buy your love

If I had a million dollarsIf I had a million dollarsIf I had a million dollarsIf I had a million dollarsIf I had a million dollars

I'd be rich

Sung by Barenakedladies