Class_ Date.

Skills Worksheet)

Concept Review

In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches theterm or phrase.

1. condensation

2. floodplain

3. watershed

4. tributary

5. evapotranspiration

6. discharge

7. desalination

B. delta

9. precipitation

. 10. alluvial fan

a. any form of water that falls to Earth'ssurface from the clouds, including rain,snow, sleet, and hail

b. change of state from a gas to a liquid

c. the process of removing salt fromocean water

d. area along a river, formed by sedimentsdeposited when the river overflows itsbanks

e. fan-shaped mass of rock materialdeposited by a stream On land wherethe slope decreases sharply

f. area of land drained by a river system

g. fan-shaped mass of rock materialdeposited at the mouth of a stream intoanother body of water

h. volume of water moved by a stream ina given time period

i. the total water loss from an area byevaporation and transpiration

j. stream that flows into a lake or intoa larger stream

In the space provided, write the letter of the answer choice that best completeseach statement or best answers each question.

11. A river system begins to form in a given area whena. evapoLranspiration exceeds precipitation.b. precipitation exceeds evapotranspiration.c. precipitation exceeds condensation.d. condensation exceeds precipitation.

12. What happens over time as a stream's channel erodes?a. The stream becomes a watershed.b. The stream becomes a valley.c. The stream becomes a riverd. The stream dries out.

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Holt Earth Science River Systems

Name, Class _

| Concept Review continued

_ 13. When precipitation exceeds evapotranspiration and runoff,a. soil becomes dry and irrigation is necessary.b. soil becomes moist and wind increases.c. soil becomes dry and flooding is possible.d. soil becomes moist and flooding is possible.

_ 14. Which of the following factors affect the water budget?a. temperature, vegetation, wind, rainfallb. rock formation, conservation, rainfall, supply costsc. purification costs, water management, conservation, rainfalld. desalination, conservation, cost of land, rainfall

_ 15. Which of the following are stages of the water cycle?a. transportation, deposition, precipilal.ionb. evapotranspiration, condensation, precipitationc. evaporation, transmutation, participationd. transubstantiation, condensation, precession

16. Wliy do people choose to live in floodplains?a. There is access to fishing and the soil is rich.b. Floods can be overcome.c. Water drainage is good.d. The soil is good for housing development.

_ 17. Which of the following are methods of water conservation?a. encouraging pollutionb. damming riversc. reducing evaporation and condensationd. enforcing conservation laws

_ 18. Which of the following affect erosion caused by a river?a. acid rain and pollutionb. rocks and sandc. discharge and gradientd. watersheds and floods

_ 19. Which is a direct method of Hood control?a. soil conservationb. damc. natural leveed. valley

_ 20. A lake forms whena. two or more rivers meet.b. a river runs dryc. condensation occurs.d. precipitation collects in a depression.

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Holt Earth Science River Systems

Skills Worksheet)

Concept Review L-L.P \Lin the space provided, write the letter of the definition that best matches the termor phrase.

1. artesianformation

2. groundwater

3. permeability

4. porosity

5. aquifer

6. water table

7. karsttopography

8. cavern

9. sinkhole

1D. hard water

a. water with high concentrations of dissolvedminerals

b. a large cave consisting of many smallerconnecting chambers

c. a circular depression that forms at the surfacewhen rock dissolves, sediment is removed, orcaves collapse

d. a system of caverns, sinkholes, and undergrounddrainage

e. water beneath Earth's surfacef. a body of rock that stores and allows the flow of

underground waterg. the percentage of the total volume of rock consist-

ing of open spaces

h. the ability of rock to let water flow through itsopen spaces

i. the upper surface of underground water

j. the sloping layer of permeable rock betweentwo layers of Impermeable rock that is exposedat the surface

In the space provided, write the letter of the answer choice that best completeseach statement or best answers each question.

. 1 1 . Rock or sediment with lowporosity is characterized bya. poorly sorted particles of

different sixes.b. well-sorted, fine-grained

particles.c. well-sorted, coarse-

grained particles.d. loosely packed particles.

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. 12. Groundwater flows down-ward in response toa. porosity.b. gravity.c. topography.d. capillary pull.

.13 . The zone of aeration iscomposed of how manyregions?a. oneb. twoc. threed. four

Holt Earth Science Groundwater

Name _

| Concept Review continued

_ 14. Weak acid formed by the passage of water through soil causesa. capillary action.b. aeration.c. chemical weathering.d. saturation.

_ 15. Two land features formed by hot groundwater are hot springs anda. sinkholes.fa. stalactites.c. stalagmites.d. geysers.

_ 16. Two of the most important properties of aquifers that affect the flow ofgroundwater are porosity anda. permeability.b. sorting.c. sediment.d. packing.

_ 17. How does the water table relate to surface topography?a. The water table usually mirrors surface topography.b. The water table is not affected by surface topography.c. The water table is similar to surface topography in dry regions.d. The water table takes shape according to the porosity of the rock.

_ 18. A hole dug below the water level in order to bring water to the surfaceis called a(n)a. spring.b. artesian feature.c. depression.d. well.

_ 19. What is a natural flow of water to the surface where the surface dipsbelow the water table?a. coneb. springc. geyserd. well

_ 20. A sloping layer of permeable rock captured between two layers ofimpermeable rock is called a(n)a. artesian formation.b. caprock.c. spring.d. geyser.

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Holt Earth Science Groundwater