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SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRIC PLANTS (STE)MARKETS DEPLOYMENT

Dr. Luis CrespoSecretary-General of PROTERMOSOLAR

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Content

1. A brief history of Solar Thermal Electric Power Plants

2. The recent boom in Spain and future perspectives

3. The emerging markets (USA, MENA, India, China, Australia, …)

4. The DESERTEC concept and the Mediterranean Solar Plan

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Content

1. A brief history of Solar Thermal Electric Power Plants

2. The recent boom in Spain and future perspectives

3. The emerging markets (USA, MENA, India, China, Australia, …)

4. The DESERTEC concept and the Mediterranean Solar Plan

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Some historical examples of the useof solar concentrating technologies

200 a.C. Siracuse siege

1914: First solar industrial parabolic trough collector power plant in Shuman in Meadi, near Cairo(5 rows of 62 m each with a 120 HP steam turbine)

1500: 4 mile linear fresnel reflector project for a cloth deying industry steam plant

1861: Agustin Mouchot solar motorin the Universal Expo in Paris

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The pilot projects at the early 80’s

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What are the main desirable characteristics of an electrical system?

Sustainable

Security of supply

No unpredictable impacts on the economy

Risk free

Affordable

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Renewable Energies are the answerThe only open points would be:

To what extent? (100?) When?

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Although other R.E. technologies might appear cheaper in the short term, their fluent character hide important negative effects on the system costs, transmission requirements and fossil back up needs

High potential, storage and hybridization features and room for cost reduction, make essential the role for STE in the future “Generation Mix” in countries with enough solar resource

The essential role of STEin the Electricity Generation Mix

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Content

1. A brief history of Solar Thermal Electric Power Plants

2. The recent boom in Spain and future perspectives

3. The emerging markets (USA, MENA, India, China, Australia, …)

4. The DESERTEC concept and the Mediterranean Solar Plan

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ELEMENTS:

Continuous support to R&TD since late 70’s

Specialized and highly qualified educationin several Spanish Universities

Active role of Research Centers

International collaboration

Feed in tariff system

Dynamism of the companies

RESULT: INTERNACIONAL LEADERSHIP

Solar Thermal Electric Technology in Spain:A success story of public support to R&TD

Primer helióstato español 1977First Spanish heliostat (1977)

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In operation (12)Under construction (22)

Gibraltar strait

Malaga

Badajoz

Seville

Almeria

Alicante

Ciudad Real

Granada

Updated info: www.protermosolar.com

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SOLNOVA 1, 3 and 4 & PS 10 and PS 20

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ANDASOL 1 and ANDASOL 2

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EXTRESOL 1

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CTS Puertollano

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LA RISCA, Alvarado

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LA FLORIDA, Alvarado

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PUERTO ERRADO 1

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Villarrobledo

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Lebrija 1

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GEMASOLAR, Fuentes de Andalucía

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Breakdown of the operative, under construction and registered plants in Spain

Total: 2423 MW (In operation by the end of 2013)

94%Parabolic trough

1% Fresnel2% Tower 3% Stirling

With StorageWithout Storage~

62 %38 %

Relative to power installed

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2010 2011 2012 20142013 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

1000 -

4000 -

3000 -

2000 -

7000 -

6000 -

5000 -

8000 -

9000 -

10000 -

850

1850

1350

2340

MW

7.000

10.000

F I F II F III F IV

Forecast for STE plants in Spain

?

?

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THE REGULATORY CHANGES AND TRIALS IN THE LAST MONTHS

R.D.L 6/2009 (May 2009) - Selection of the plants eligible for the current tariff system (R.D. 661/2007) - Criteria : Permits, financing, component acquisition, …. ready by beginning of May - 4.500 MW applied – 2400 MW registered - Limitation in connection dates: Phases I, II, III, IV (1st January 2011-13) even for starting up purposes - 36 months for completion. Dec-2012 for phases I, II and III and Dec-2014 for ph. IV

SOCIMI Law passed in the Senate but rejected in the Congress (October 2009) - Intention to limit to 500 MW the total STE power eligible for the current tariff system

Announcement of changes in the current system (May 2010) - Open possibility to reduce the premiums according to art. 44.3 of the R.D. 661? - Proposals from the Ministry to restrict the number of operation of STE plants to 2500 h/year - Reduction of 10% on the current premium

An agreement was reached in July but it is not still officially published

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WHAT IS NEXT?

The agreement applies to the registered plants only

A new R.D. must be negotiated to cover the STE deployment untill 2020. Criteria on technological priorities must be established

5079

MW

in 2

020

for S

TE

PANER:National Action Plan in R.E.Send to EU in June the 30th

The new Renewable Energy Plan (PER ) 2010-20will be published by the end of the year.We will do our best to increasing the share of STE

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STE applications for grid access: 15.561 MW (Oct-2009)

This is really a“true pipeline of projects”

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Content

1. A brief history of Solar Thermal Electric Power Plants

2. The recent boom in Spain and future perspectives

3. The emerging markets (USA, MENA, India, China, Australia, …)

4. The DESERTEC concept and the Mediterranean Solar Plan

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Member States 2020 Objectives

Articles 6, 7 & 8 of the RES Directive (Flexibility mechanisms)

Spain is prepared to help other M.S. with joint STE Plants

Article 9 refers to the importation from third countries (MENA / MSP)

EU RES Directive Oportunities

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Forecast in European countries by 2020 (NAP’s)

Spain 5079 MW

France540 MW

Portugal500 MW

Greece250 MW

Italy 600 MW

Cyprus 75 MW

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OPERATIONAL PLANTS IN USA

SEGS Plants (Total 354 MW)Kramer Junction / Harper Lake, California

Nevada Solar One 64 MWBoulder City, Nevada

Red Rock 1 MWArizona

Kimberlina 5 MWBakersfild, California

Sierra Sun Tower 5 MWLancaster, California

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PROSPECTS FOR THE USA

Increased awareness in Utilities, Policy Makers and Investors

Tax credits have been extended till 2017

Additional support (Stimulus Bill, Treasury Grants - 30% if starting in 2010 - and Loan Guaranties - $6B -, Renewable Portfolio Standard)

Many PPA’s signed (8.000 MW) with the SW Utilities

None has started the construction yet. This is mainly due to financial issues and to the complex and lengthy process at State and Federal levels

The number of projects on tower and trough concepts are even

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Pipeline of STE projects in the USA

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Example of the projectsto be launched shortly in the USA

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150 MW ISCC at Hassi R’Mel

470 MW ISCC at Ain Beni Mathar

146 MW ISCC at Kuraymat

100 MW in Abu Dhabi

First Projects in the MENA Region

Several countries have announced ambitious plans that could be financed under the PSM schemes + concessional WB loans ($750M)

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Morocco: 2 000 MW by 2020Algeria: 4 ISCCs similar to Hassi R‘MelTunesia: 225 MW by 2016Libya: 1 000 MW renewables by 2015Egypt: 20% renewables by 2020Sudan: 2 000 MW announced

Syria: CSP under investigationIsrael: 1 000 MW by 2015Jordan: 300-600 MW by 2020Saudi Arabia: CSP under investigation

Iran: RFP issued for 1st ISCC, 17MW solar shareKuwait: CSP under considerationUAE: 1 000 MW by 2020Oman: 100 MW IPP, bidding start end of 2010Jemen: CSP under consideration

Announced Plans in the MENA Region

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PROSPECTS IN OTHER REGIONSINDIA

There is a tremendous need for additional power. Ambitious solar mission is being planned (1.100 MW by 2013 and 20 GW by 2022, ) but the breakdown between PV and STE has not been yet established

First ideas for feed in tariffs have been announced at federal and state levels (Gujarat, Andhra, Rajasthan, …) The rated power for the first projects is not known yet.

CHINA

Plans for 300 MW in 2015 with own technology International references might accelerate their plans

AUSTRALIA

Aim 25% of solar power by 2050 Clean Energy Initiative / Solar Flagships Program - 1000 MW solar power - First call for 400 MW (PV + CSP) Promoters shortlisted - Funding through taxable grant payments (30%) + state aids

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Excellent Good Suitable Non suitable

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FORECAST BY COUNTRIES 2009-2014

The long and dark

solar thermalelectricnight

SOURCE: “Global Concentrated Solar Power Markets and Strategies: 2010-2025,” IHS Emerging Energy Research, April 2010

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Content

1. A brief history of Solar Thermal Electric Power Plants

2. The recent boom in Spain and future perspectives

3. The emerging markets (USA, MENA, India, China, Australia, …)

4. The DESERTEC concept and the Mediterranean Solar Plan

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3000 km

90 % of the world electricity consumptioncan be supplied from STE plants. The total surface would be 300x300 km2 distributed among 10.000 sites in the desert areas of the earth.Transmission using HVDC lines at 3000 km distance will have losses < 10%

THE DESERTEC CONCEPT

EU25

The little square shows the required area in the Sahara desert to supply all the European electricity needs

Dr. Gerhard Knies

www.desertec.org

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Trying to make it happens

Mediterranean Solar Plan (UfM)

Paving the way (EU)

Desertec Industrial Initiative

TransGreen Industrial Initiative

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Some final reflections on Technology and Cost

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STE ROADMAP

Different technologies: different performances and potential

Parabolic dishes wit Stirling motors

Parabolic Trough

Fresnel linear reflectors

Central Receiver Systems

Working fluids:- Temperature- Efficiency- Storage

System designs- Cycles- Cooling- Hybridization- Land

LCOE

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COST REDUCTION IS THE MAIN ISSUE

Fuente ESTELA / ATKearney

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SinergyIndustry - R&D

Regional development

CompetiveDispatchable

High Potential

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luiscrespo@protermosolar.com

Thank you for your attention!