COMPUTERCOMPUTERPresented by

akshatPresented by

akshat

Welcome

• What are malwares?

• Types of malwares

• What is Computer Virus?

• What is Spam?

• What is spyware?

• What is Adware?

LETS FIND OUT ANSWERS OF ALL THESE!

What is a malware ?

• A Malware is a set of instructions

that run on your computer and

make your system do something

that an attacker wants it to do.

Why hackers use Malwares?

• Steal personal information

• Delete files

• Click fraud

• Steal software serial numbers

• Use your computer as relay

Types Of Malwares

• Virus

• Backdoor

• Trojan horse

• Root kit

• Scare ware

• Adware

• Worm

What is a Virus ?• A computer virus is a malware program that, when

executed, replicates by inserting copies of itself (possibly modified) into other computer programs, data files or the boot sector of the hard disk, when this replication is succeeds, the affected areas are then said to be as “infected”. Viruses often perform some type of harmful activity on host information ,corrupting data, displaying political or humorous messages on the user’s screen, spamming their contacts, or logging their keystrokes. However not all viruses carry a destructive payload or attempt to hide themselves. the defining characteristic of viruses is that they are self-replicating computer programs which install themselves without the user's consent.

- Fred Cohen 1983

Some Virus Type

• Polymorphic : Uses a polymorphic engine to mutate while keeping the original algorithm intact (packer).

• Metamorpic: Change after each infection.

What is a trojan

A Trojan describes the class of malware that appears to perform a desirable

function but in fact performs undisclosed malicious functions that allow

unauthorized access to the victim Computer.

What is rootkit

• A root kit is a component that uses stealth to maintain a persistent and undetectable presence on the machine.

What is a worm

A computer worm is a self-replicating computer program. It uses a network to send copies of itself to other nodes and

do so without any user intervention.

Almost 30 years of Malware

History

1999 Melissa virus

1999 Zombie concept

1999 Knark root kit

2000 love bug

2001 Code Red Worm

2001 Kernel Intrusion System

2001 Nimda worm

2003 SQL Slammer worm

Number of malware signatures

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1400000

1600000

1800000

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Malware Cases Repartition

74%

3%1%

9%

13%

Trojan

Worm

Other

Adware

Spyware

SPAM

• “SPAM” is a popular Monty python sketch, first televised in 1970. In this sketch, two customers are in greasy spoon café trying to order a breakfast from a menu that includes spam in almost all dishes. The term spam in the context of electronic communications is derived from this sketch. The sketch was written by Terry Jones and Michael Palin.

• A person who creates electronic spam is called a spammer.

Electronic spam• Electronic spamming is the use of electronic

messaging systems to send unsolicited bulk messages (spam), especially advertising, indiscriminately. While the most widely

recognized form of spam is email spam, the term is applied to similar abuses in other media: instant

message spam, Usenet group spam, Web search engine spam, spam in blogs, wiki spam, online classified adds spam, mobile phone messaging

spam, Internet forum spam, Junk fax transitions', social spam,

television advertising and file sharing spam.

• Spamming remains economically viable because advertisers have no operating costs beyond the management of their mailing lists, and it is difficult to hold senders accountable for their mass mailings. Because the barrier to entry is so low, spammers are numerous, and the volume of unsolicited mail has become very high. In the year 2011, the estimated figure for spam messages is around seven trillion. The costs, such as lost productivity and fraud, are borne by the public and by internet service providers, which have been forced to add extra capacity to cope with the deluge. Spamming has been the subject of legislation in many jurisdictions.

ACTIONS ON SPAMS

Spyware• Spyware is software that aids in gathering information about a person or

organization without their knowledge and that may send such information to another entity without the consumer's consent, or that asserts control over a computer without the consumer's knowledge.

• Whenever spyware is used for malicious purposes, its presence is typically hidden from the user and can be difficult to detect. Some spyware, such as key loggers, may be installed by the owner of a shared, corporate, or public computer intentionally in order to monitor users.

• While the term spyware suggests software that monitors a user's computing, the functions of spyware can extend beyond simple monitoring. Spyware can collect almost any type of data, including personal information like Internet surfing habits, user logins, and bank or credit account information. Spyware can also interfere with user control of a computer by installing additional software or redirecting Web browsers Some spyware can change computer settings, which can result in slow Internet connection speeds, un-authorized changes in browser settings, or changes to software settings.

Types of spyware

Spyware is mostly classified into four ways:

• System monitors

• Trojans

• Adware

• Tracking cookies

Adware• Adware, or advertising-supported

software, is any software package which automatically renders advertisements in order to generate revenue for its author. The advertisements may be in the user interface of the software or on a screen presented to the user during the installation process. The functions may be designed to analyze which Internet sites the user visits and to present advertising pertinent to the types of goods or services featured there. The term is sometimes used to refer to software that displays unwanted advertisements.