computers and art: issues of content || front matter

Front MatterSource: Art Journal, Vol. 49, No. 3, Computers and Art: Issues of Content (Autumn, 1990),pp. 225-338Published by: College Art AssociationStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/777104 .

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Published by the College Art Association

ArtJournal

Fall 1990 Vol. 49 No. 3 Computers and Art: Issues of Content Guest Editor: Terry Gips



FRANS HALS The Complete Work By Claus Grimm. 471 illus., 130 full color. 296 pp. 0-8109-3404-3 $95.00

JAPONISME COMES TO AMERICA Thecjapanese Impact on the Graphic Arts, 1S76-1925 By Julia Meech and Gabriel P. Weisberg. 192 illus., 50 full color. 256 pp. 0-8109-3501-5 $45.00

RAUSCHENBERG Art and Life By Mary Lynn Kotz. 200 illus., 92 full color. 320 pp. 0-8109-3752-2 $65.00

EGON SCHIELE THE COMPLETE WORKS Including a Biography and a Catalogue Raisonne By Jane Kallir. 3,075 illus., 94 full color. 688 pp. 0-8109-3802-2 $195.00

ROMARE BEARDEN His Life and Art By Myron Schwartzman. 230 illus., 130 full color. 320 pp. 0-8109-3108-7 $-60.00

PAUL CEZANNE The Bathers By Mary Louise Krumrine. 239 illus., 126 full color. 321 pp. 0-8109-3162-1 $65.00

CHRISTO: THE PONT- NEUF WRAPPED PROJECT FOR PARIS, 1975-85 Photographs by Wolfgang Volz. Commentary by David Bourdon. Essay by Bernard Montgolfier. 781 illus., 286 full color. 592 pp. 0-8109-3164-8 $85.00

THOMAS COLE By Earl A. Powell. 111 illus., 67 full color. 144 pp. 0-8109-3158-3 $49.50

FOLK TREASURES OF MEXICO The Nelson A. Rockefeller Collection By Marion Oettinger, Jr. Foreword by Nelson A. R'ockefeller. Preface by Ann Rockefeller Roberts. 166 illus., 89 full color. 224 pp. 0-8109-1182-5 $49.50

MARY FRANK By Hayden Herrera. 148 illus., 45 full color. 144 pp. 0-8109-3301-2 $49.50

A~ 'w

SELECTED TITLES LOOKING AT ARCHITECTURE Text and photographs by G.E. Kidder Smith. 100 duotone photographs. 168 pp. 0-8109-3556-2 $35.00

MODERN DESIGN 1890-1990 The Design Collections of The Metropolitan Museum of Art Text by R. Craig Miller. Photographs by Mark Darley. Published in association with The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 250 illus., 200 full color. 288 pp. 0-8109-3612-7 $60.00

PAINTINGS FROM THE FRICK COLLECTION Introduction by Charles Ryskamp. Text by Bernice Davidson et al. 154 full-color illus. 146 pp. 0-8109-3710-7 $39.95

POPOVA By Dmitri V. Sarabianov and Natalia L. Adaskina. 433 illus., 133 full color. 396 pp. 0-8109-3701-8 $85.00

SEURAT A Biography By John Rewald. 173 illus., 118 full color. 8 page gatefold. 240 pp. 0-8109-3814-6 $6750 until 12/31/90; $75.00 thereafter

MIKE AND DOUG STARN By Andy Grundberg. 113 illus., 92 full color. 144 pp. 0-8109-3815-4 $39.95

PABLO PICASSO: GUERNICA The Forty-Two Sketches on Paper Introduction by Marie-Laure Bernadac. 42 full-color facsimiles mounted in passe-partout, 16-page illustrated introductory booklet. 16 x 23 'A" boxed. 0-8109-4986-5 $700.00

THE SWEDISH BALLET Ballets Sue6dois By Bengt Haiger. 265 illus., 142 full color. 304 pp. 0-8109-3803-0 $95.00

WOMEN PHOTOGRAPHERS Compiled and edited by Constance Sullivan. 214 illus., 35 full color, 179 tritone. 264 pp. 0-8109-3950-9 $65.00

WORLD IMPRESSIONISM The International Movement 1860-1920 General Editor, Norma Broude. 517 illus., 300 full color. 424 pp. 0-8109-1774-2 $75.00

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The Drawings of Jasper Johns By Nan Rosenthal and Ruth E. Fine. 340 illus., 140 in color. 0-500-23606-2 $60.00 Frank Auerbach By Robert Hughes. 255 illus., 80 in color. 0-500-09211-7 $45.00

Chryssa: Cityscapes Foreword and text by Douglas Schultz. 148 illus., 56 in color. 0-500-09209-5 $75.00 In the Romantic Style Creating Intimacy, Fantasy and Charm in the Contemporary Home By Linda Chase and Laura Cerwinske. 145 color illus. 0-500-23592-9 $35.00

Wrapped in Glory Figurative Quilts and Bedcovers 1700-1900 By Sandi Fox. 245 illus., 179 in color. 0-500-01499-X $35.00

Living in Venice By Elisabeth Vedrenne. Photographs by Andre Martin. 300 illus., 250 in color. 0-500-23607-0 $40.00

English Interiors A History By Alan and Ann Gore. Photographs By Peter Aprahamian. 210 illus., 90 in color. 0-500-23593-7 $45.00

The Most Beautiful Villages in France Photographs by Dominique Reperant. 400 illus., 220 in color. 0-500-54162-0 $40.00

Living in Mauritius By Isabelle Desvaux de Marigny et al. Photographs by Christian Vaisse. 315 illus., 243 in color. 0-500-23603-8 $40.00 Interior Design of the Twentieth Century World of Art Series By Anne Massey. 165 illus., 25 in color. 0-500-20247-8 $11.95 paper Klimt World of Art Series By Frank Whitford. 156 illus., 28 in color. 0-500-20246-X $11.95 paper Abstract Expressionism World of Art Series By David Anfam. 169 illus., 28 in color. 0-500-20243-5 $11.95 paper

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The House of God Church Architecture, Style and History By Edward Norman. 387 illus., 80 in color. 0-500-25108-8 $60.00 SoHo Walls Beyond Graffiti By David Robinson. 97 color illus. 0-500-27602-1 $18.95 paper

Jasper Johns Work Since 1974 By Mark Rosenthal. 75 illus., 36 in color. 0-500-27600-5 $19.95 paper Van Gogh By A.M. and Renilde Hammacher. 232 illus., 48 in color. 0-500-27603-X $24.95 paper

Early Meissen Porcelain in Dresden By Ingelore Menzhausen. 175 color illus. 0-500-01482-5 $45.00

c) j



RUTGERS UNIVERSITY PRESS

FIGURE AND ABSTRACTION IN CONTEMPORARY PAINTING Ronald Paulson

For decades commentators on art and aitists themselves have persuaded us that twentieth- century art is moving toward abstraction on the canvas. Art theory itself, invested in this pro- gressivist approach, has become similarly abstract and abstruse. Figure and Abstraction in Contemporary Painting is Ronald Paulson's first book on contemporary art. In it, he reminds us that the practice of art and current theory are not necessarily the same thing.

This provocative book is about figural (or rep- resentational) painting of the last forty years, work that coexisted with and within the tradition of Abstract Expressionism, Op and Minimal art but that received far less critical acclaim and attention. Abstract Expressionist work is dis- cussed here, however, in ways that elucidate how artists most closely associated with nonrep- resentational approaches-Pollock, de Kooning, Kline, Rothko, and others-continued to paint with a figural basis even in their drips, rec- tangles, and aleatory dislocations of the human figure. Paulson focuses on the New York School and the American figural artists who immediately preceded and followed: of the previous generation, Marsden Hartley and Edward Hopper, Alfred Stieglitz, cartoonists of the thirties and forties; and of the following generation, Richard Diebenkor and Jasper Johns. The major figure painters of France and England are also treated-Balthus in Switzerland and Francis Bacon in England. Paulson also discusses Tou- louse-Lautrec, Frederic Leighton, Stanley Spencer, and Sir William Coldstream.

This book is a fresh look by a keen eye at the contemporary art scene.

300 pp. 7" x 10". 86 black-and-white illustrations. Cloth, $44.95.

_[ Available at bookstores or TOLL-FREE 800-446-9323

109 CHURCH STREET * NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08901



Published by the College Art Association

Guest Editor Terry Gips Executive Editor Lenore Malen Managing Editor Virginia Wageman Artists' Writings Editor Buzz Spector Reviews Editor Martica Sawin Advertising Elizabeth Morina Editorial/Advertising Assistant Nancy Boxenbaum Production Russell Hassell Editorial Board Susan Ball, Judith K. Brodsky, Cynthia Carlson, Ellen Lanyon, Irving Sandler, Robert Storr

Art Journal (ISSN 0004-3249) is published quarterly by College Art Association, Inc., 275 Seventh Ave- nue, New York, NY 10001. Copyright ? 1990, Col-

lege Art Association, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of the contents may be reproduced without the written

permission of the publisher. Second-class postage paid at New York, NY, and at additional mailing offices. Printed by Waverly Press, Easton, Maryland.

POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Art Jour- nal, 275 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001.

Art Journal is available through membership in the

College Art Association. Subscriptions for nonmem- bers $30 per year (foreign postage add $6); single issues $7. For membership and subscription information, call or write CAA, 275 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001; 212/691-1051.

Correspondence for Art Journal should be addressed to the Executive Editor at the College Art Associa- tion. Because each issue of Art Journal is organized thematically under the editorial direction of a desig- nated guest editor, unsolicited manuscripts cannot be

accepted. Letters to the editor will be considered for publication, provided they are 500 words or less.

Advertising information and rates are available from Elizabeth Morina, 50 Lexington Avenue, 9E, New York, NY 10010; 212/979-2013.

Cover illustration: Maureen Nappi and Dean Winkler, Continuum 1: Initiation, 1989 (see p. 233, fig. 1).

Art Journal

Fall 1990 Vol. 49 No. 3

Artists' Writings: Structure and Self Fred Fehlau 217 / Timothy Porges 219 / Barbara Rosenthal 223

Computers and Art: Issues of Content Editor's Statement by Terry Gips 228

The Quickening of Galatea: Virtual Creation without Tools or Media by Timothy Binkley 233

Is There Love in the Telematic Embrace? by Roy Ascott 241

The Digital Revolution: Art in the Computer Age by Cynthia Goodman 248

Computer Art as Conceptual Art by Christine Tamblyn 253

Art, Technology, and Postmodernism: Paradigms, Parallels, and Paradoxes by Margot Lovejoy 257

Image, Language, and Belief in Synthesis by George Legrady 266

The Image in the Magic Box by Deborah Sokolove 272

Signal to Noise: A Computer-Based Artists Book by Craig Hickman 278

A Selected Chronology of Computer Art: Exhibitions, Publications, and Technology by Copper Giloth and Lynn Pocock-Williams 283

Exhibition Reviews The Art of the July Monarchy, reviewed by Michael Marrinan 301 / Paris 1889: American Artists at the Universal Exposition, reviewed by Piri Halasz 306 / Likeness and Beyond: Portraits from Africa and the World, reviewed by Judith Bettelheim 310 / Picasso and Braque: Pioneering Cubism, reviewed by Jack Flam 313

Book Reviews Copplestone, Art in Society, Honour and Fleming, The Visual Arts, and Wilkins and Schultz, Art Past/Art Present, reviewed by Bradford R. Collins 318 / Le Normand- Romain, Pingeot, Hohl, Rose, and Daval, Sculpture, Rogers, Sketches and Bozzetti by American Sculptors, Reynolds, Monuments and Masterpieces, and Bogart, Public Sculpture and the Civic Ideal in New York City, reviewed by Nancy Grove 323 / Marquis, Alfred H. Barr, Jr., reviewed by Helen M. Franc 325 / Rosenthal, Franz Marc, reviewed by Andrew Kagan 329 / Flocon and Barre, Curvilinear Perspective, reviewed by Keith Long 330

Books and Catalogues Received 332

Letter to the Editor 339



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ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM A Critical Record David Shapiro and Cecile Shapiro, Editors

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-Reinhold Heller, University of Chicago 107 halftones. Cloth: $35.00 ISBN 0-691-03982-8

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Turner's Classical

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Now famous for their immediate impact of color, light, and atmospheric effect, the landscapes of Romantic painter J.M.W. Turner (1775-1851) were at first the object of opposing critical claims: from one side the British artist was charged with painting "pictures of nothing and very like," from the other with allowing too much "content" to eclipse his presentation of nature. Taking this paradox as its starting point, Kathleen Nicholson's richly illustrated book proposes a thorough revision of how we understand the enigmatic artist who revolutionized landscape painting.

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Five Illuminated Manuscripts of Giangaleazzo Visconti Edith W. Kirsch 176 pp. 119 illus. $39.50 (XLVI)

Stained Glass in Lorraine in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries Meredith Parsons Lillich 256 pp. 218 illus. TBA (XLVII)

Hitler's State Architecture The Impact of Classical Antiquity Alex Scobie 176 pp. 68 illus. $29.95 (XLV)

Content and Context of the Visual Arts in the Islamic World Priscilla P. Soucek, Editor 288 pp. 202 illus. $42.50 (XLIV)

Earth and Ocean The Terrestrial World in Early Byzantine Art Henry Maguire 96 pp. 96 illus. $30.00 (XLIII)

The Nazareth Capitals and the Crusader Shrine of the Annunciation Jaroslav Folda 162 pp. 82 illus. $30.00 (XLII)

Sarvistan A Study in Early Iranian Architecture Lionel Bier 139 pp. 92 illus. $30.00 (XLI)

Versailles The Chateau of Louis XIV Robert W. Berger 190 pp. 100 illus. $30.00 (XL)

Raphael's Bible A Study of the Vatican Logge Bernice F. Davidson 198 pp. 123 illus. $30.00 (XXXIX)

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Series The Via Latina Catacomb Imitation and Discontinuity in Fourth-Century Roman Painting William Tronzo 160 pp. 114 illus. $30.00 (XXXVIII)

Gianlorenzo Bernini New Aspects of His Art and Thought Irving Lavin, Editor 234 pp. 77 illus. $39.50 (XXXVII)

The Iconography of Preface and Miniature in the Byzantine Gospel Book Robert S. Nelson 180 pp. 76 illus. $30.00 (XXXVI)

Roman Black-and-White Figural Mosaics John R. Clarke 172 pp. 96 illus. $30.00 (XXXV)

Netherlandish Scrolled Gables of the Sixteenth and Early Seventeenth Centuries Henry-Russell Hitchcock 176 pp. 106 illus. $30.00 (XXXIV)

La Vie de Nostre Benoit Sauveur Ihesus- crist and La Saincte Vie de Nostre Dame Millard Meiss and Elizabeth H. Beatson 222 pp. 16 illus. $30.00 (XXXII)

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The Murals of Eugene Delacroix at Saint-Sulpice Jack J. Spector 180 pp. 80 illus. 10 x 10-1/2" $30.00 (XVI)

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Michelangelo's Nose A Myth and Its Maker Paul Barolsky 'This is not simply another book about Mich- elangelo. Rather it is a complex network of images, words, and concepts woven with great subtlety and skill into a new portrait of one of the most remarkable artists in the history of Western art. .. .This is an exceptional book not only for its revelations about its various subjects, and there are many of these, but also for the humane and often bril- liant way it brings art and personality to life." -Bruce Cole, Indiana University 190 pages, 20 illustrations. $28.50 Available in September

Bernini and the Idealization of Death The Blessed Ludovica Albertoni and the Altieri Chapel Shelley Perlove

"Shelley Perlove has given, for the first time, a thorough, lucid and convincing analysis of one of Bernini's most famous works. The main thrust of the study is to reveal the levels of meaning-theological, social and personal-that underlie the high emotionalism and direct appeal of this revolutionary prod- uct of Bernini's late period. Perlove provides an unusual and stimulating account of the Albertoni family interests in promoting devo- tion to Ludovica, as well as the popular social and economic strata in Rome to which she appealed. This background sheds consid- erable light on the contemporary significance of the work."-Irving Lavin, Institute for Advanced Study 152 pages, 60 illustrations. $32.50 Available in October

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Petrus Christus His Place in Fifteenth-Century Flemish Painting Joel M. Upton Long hidden in the shadows of Jan van Eyck and Roger van der Weyden, Petrus Christus was one of the crucial painters active in the complex development of Flemish painting during a period of remarkable vitality and attainment. Upton contends that Christus's art marks an important stage in the evolution of values from the objective or moral col- lectivism of the thirteenth century to a more subjective, intensely personal, moral indi- vidualism of the latter part of the fifteenth century. More than a study of a single painter, Petrus Christus reveals how, by visually shaping their experience, Flemish artists individually as well as collectively informed the infinite condition of their shared experience. 256 pages, 96 illustrations. $42.50 Available in December

Architecture and Ideology in Early Medieval Spain Jerrilynn Dodds "A treatise on the relationship between ideology and art, it begins with Visigothic churches and ends grandly in the mosque of Cordoba. This is a distinguished piece of research." -Thomas Glick, Boston University

In analyzing the early medieval architecture of Christian and Islamic Spain, Dodds explores the principles of artistic response to social and cultural tension, offering an account of that unique artistic experience that set Spain apart from the rest of Europe and established a visual identity born of the con- frontation of cultures that perceived one another as alien. 256 pages, 113 illustrations. $45.00 Available in November

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The soon-to-be-available Ninth Edition of this classic, be- stseller is thoroughly updated throughout. Highlights of the revision include lively and exciting coverage of art of the Modern era (now featuring discussions of photography, film, and recent new media), com- pletely revised coverage of pre-Columbian art, and a stunning new design. The wealth of illustrations-both color and black and white-are of the highest quality, and the number of integrated color illustrations has been increased dramatically. Authoritative, comprehensive, accurate, and accessible, ART THROUGH THE AGES remains the best introduction to the subject available to art students.

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ART IN CONTEXT Fourth Edition

Jack A. Hobbs, Illinois State University Paperbound, 1991. Available November 1990 for spring classes.

This thematically organized introduction to art features unusually lucid, and now further enriched, coverage of the visual arts. The Fourth Edition includes increased discussion and examples of two- dimensional and three-dimensional media, added examples of architecture, a new chapter on the relationship of art to religion, with new examples of Michaelangelo's Sistine Chapel works, a new chapter on the evolution of styles in Western art, and examples of new art, with analysis of postmodernism. Concise, yet thorough coverage includes formal discussion of art criticism.

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RETHINKING THE MUSEUM AND OTHERMEDITATIONS Stephen E. Well

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YOKOHAMA Prints from Nineteenth-Century Japan Ann Yonemura Documents t Yokohama's early history as Japan's gateway to the world, illuminating the tumultuous era that precipitated Japan's transformation into a modern industrial state and international power. 100 color, 50 b&w illus. 224 pp. Cloth: 0-87474-993-X $45.00 Paper: 0-87474-999-9 $26.95

VISUAL POETRY The Drawings of Joseph Stella Joann Moser Displays the breadth of Stella's (1877-1946) talent, featuring works on paper that span his fifty-year career, including pencil, charcoal, crayon, and silverpoint drawings, pastel compositions, W watercolors, and b paper collages. 50 color, 81 b&w illus. 208 pp. Cloth: 0-87474-738-4 $45.00

FREDEIC EDWIN CHURCH Franklin Kelly, with Stephen Jay Gould and James Anthony Ryan Stunning volume featuring forty-nine of Church's most significant paintings and investigating the artistic, scientific, and

philosophical Wre sandaninfluences behind

Church's greatest creations. 75 color, 109 b&w illus. 224 PP.

Cloth: 0-87474-458-X $50.00

AFRICAN ART IN AMERICAN COLLECTIONS Warren M. Robbins and Nancy Ingram Nooter The broadest photo- X graphic survey yet published, introducing the reader to the traditional art of black Africa, its significance as a form of creative expression, and the controversies sur- rounding it in the modern art world. 1,598 b&w illus. 608 pp. Cloth: 0-87474-744-9 $85.00

THE ART OF EXCLUSION Representing Blacks in the Nineteenth Century Albert Boime Presents a revisionist interpretation of the portrayal of black people in the nineteenth century. 8 color, 93 b&w illus. 251 pp. Cloth: 0-87474-254-4 $45.00 Paper: 0-87474-257-9 $24.95

ICONS Ideals and Power in the Art of Africa Herbert M. Cole Reveals the history, vitality, and richness of African art, focusing on five significant icons that express cultural ideals: the couple, the woman and child, the male hunter or warrior, the rider, and the stranger or outsider. 100 color, 100 b&w illus. 272 pp. Cloth: 0-87474- 320-6 $45.00

BERENICE ABBOTT PHOTOGRAPHS

Now back in print A comprehensive collection of Abbott's most important work. 130 b&w illus. 176 pp. Paper: 0-87474-211-0 $24.95

Smithsonian Institution Press Dept. 900 * Blue Ridge Summitt, PA 17294-0900

800/782-4612 * 717/794-2148



Art Books and Illustrated Books

Ars Libri, Ltd. specializes in rare and scholarly books in the fine arts and in illustrated books from the fifteenth to the twentieth century. Our stock of art reference material includes monographs, catalogues raisonne, periodicals and documents relevant to all periods and all fields of art history. We issue catalogues regularly and provide quotations upon request. We make periodic offerings as well of scholarly libraries and collections, and of original prints and photographs. We are always interested in purchasing libraries and important individual books in the fine arts.

Currently available:

Special Bulletin 66: Decorative Arts. Part II

Special Bulletin 65: Decorative Arts. Part I

Special Bulletin 64: Sculpture Special Bulletin 63: Churches, Cathedrals, Abbeys

ars libri, ltd. 560 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02118 tel. (617) 357-5212 / telefax: (617) 338-5763 / telex: 95 1075 / cable: Ars Libri, BSN

Scholarly, Inexpensive...

For Student Use, instructors may select from

7,500 basic art history subjects any number or any sequence of illustrations--to parallel lectures or supplement readings. University Prints will collate the 5?x8 inch captioned pages without charge, bind at $1.00, and ship directly or to the bookstore in one day. Cost is 6? per black and white, 12? in color. The

scholarly collection surveys arts and archi-

tecture, Western and non-Western, prehistoric to contemporary. For a sample on any period, or the Complete Catalogue (246-pages, $3.00), write directly to:

The University Prints 21 East St., Winchester, Mass. 01890

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812 x 11 inches, 200 pages,

31 black-and-white illustrations

Third printing

ISBN 0-89236-135-2, paper

For courses in methodology or historiography... OBJECT. IMAGE. INQUIRY THE ART HISTORIAN AT WORK

a collaborative study by THE GETTY ART HISTORY INFORMATION PROGRAM andTHE

INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH IN INFORMATION AND SCHOLARSHIP, Brown University

A collective portrait of nineteen art historians engaged in research. Their own words provide insights into the world of humanistic scholarship.

"This analysis will rank with Turpin Bannister's The

Architect at Mid-Century as a permanent contribu-

tion to historiography." Dora P. Crouch, Journal of

the Society ofArchitectural Historians

U.S. $16.95 postpaid California residents $17.82 postpaid, sales tax included

The J. Paul Getty Book Distribution Center P.O. Box 2112 Santa Monica, CA 90406

Telephone (213) 453-5352 Fax (213) 453-7966

DAY WITHOUT ART

December 1,1990

A National Day of Action and Mourning In Response to the AIDS Crisis

A Project of Visual AIDS 108 Leonard Street, 13th floor * New York, N.Y. 10013

212-513-0303 fax: 212-513-0315

WINSLOW HOMER: AN ANNUAL

A profusely illustrated art periodical devoted to America's favorite painter and watercolorist.

Contains original articles on Homer's career; yearly reviews of published scholarship on Homer; exhibitions held of his works; and detailed information con- cerning Homer's paintings offered for sale in the previous year.

$10.00 per issue, postpaid Post Office Box 86

New Albany, Ind. 47151-0086

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