computers © 2005 prentice-hall, inc.slide 1. computers software © 2005 prentice-hall, inc.slide 2

Computers

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 1

Computers

Software


ComputersSoftware

Objectives Operating system purposes Windows concepts Software suite applications There are many applications for personal computers Graphics and multimedia


ComputersSoftware

System Software Operating System – controls the computer Utility Programs – computer maintenance Graphical User Interface (GUI) Kernel – loaded into memory at start-up and remains there until the computer is shut down


ComputersSoftware

Operating System FunctionsAllocating system resources

Multitasking – more than one program running at a timeForeground – program that is active is run hereBackground – programs of lower priority are run here


ComputersSoftware

User InterfaceGraphical User Interface

Pointing device such as a mouseIcon – picture that represents a file or a computer task


ComputersSoftware

PC Operating Systems and PlatformsPC/Windows Platform (Wintel)

Older versions of WindowsWindows 95/98Windows ME

Modern PC Operating SystemsWindows XP – plug and play Windows 2005 Server

Windows CE.NET


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Other Computer PlatformsThe Macintosh/Mac PlatformUnix – multiuser operating systemLinux – open source version of Unix

Open source – source code is available

LindowsOS – Linux based, Windows compatible


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Business Concerns for Choosing an OS Interoperability – ability to share resources across platforms Multiplatform environment .NET Platform – provides users with personal/corporate data from any linked device


ComputersSoftware

Utility Programs Disk and file maintenance System recovery Security Backup Virus protection


ComputersSoftware

Windows Concepts and Terminology Window – rectangular area on the screen Desktop – where Windows icons are displayed Application window Active window Open application


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Windows Concepts and Terminology Workspace Document window Scrolling Cascading windows Tiled windows


ComputersSoftware

Windows Concepts and Terminology Menus – lists of user choices

Pull-down menusShortcut keys

Toolbars – contain buttons for frequently used commands Dialog box – allows the user to provide information to the software


ComputersSoftware

Windows Concepts and Terminology Sharing Information

Clipboard – area where information is stored, can then be shared with other applications


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Working with Files File –information saved in an electronic formatFile types:

ASCII – text onlyDataDocument – word processor fileSpreadsheet


ComputersSoftware

Working with Files File types:

Web page Source program – user-created instructions to the computerExecutable – machine language versionGraphicsAudioVideo


ComputersSoftware

Working with Files A file’s optional 3 character extension indicates the type of fileNative file format – default data type for a particular program


ComputersSoftware

Working with FilesWhat can be done to a file?

Create, name, saveCopy, move, deleteRetrieve, updateDisplay, print, playExecuteDownload/upload


ComputersSoftware

Working with FilesWhat can be done to a file?

Import – open a file with a program that was NOT used to create the fileCompress – reduce the size of a file so it can be uploaded more quickly

Zip file – the reduced file. It must be unzipped before it can be used.


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File ManagementWindows Explorer – file management tool Folders – used to organize a storage device such as a hard disk or diskette Path – indicates what folder a file is stored in


ComputersSoftware

File Management ActivitiesSave/Save AsOpenCopyCut Delete Rename


ComputersSoftware

HelpHelp for Windows – online Help for application software – click on the Help option or menuContext-sensitive help – hit F1 to get help concerning whatever you are doing


ComputersSoftware

Productivity Software: The Software SuiteTemplate – pre-formatted document; user simply provides content


ComputersSoftware

Productivity Software: The Software SuiteWord processing

Spell checkerOnline thesaurusGrammar and style checker


ComputersSoftware

Productivity Software: The Software SuitePresentation software

TextPhotos/imagesCharts and graphsOriginal drawings


ComputersSoftware

Productivity Software: The Software SuitePresentation software

Clip artAudio clipsFull-motion videoOnline thesaurusGrammar and style checker


ComputersSoftware

Productivity Software: The Software SuiteSpreadsheet software

Rows and columnsCell – intersection of a row and a columnCell address – column and row the cell appears in


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Productivity Software: The Software SuiteDatabase software

Create and maintain a databaseExtract information Make inquiriesSort recordsGenerate reports


ComputersSoftware

Productivity Software: The Software SuitePersonal Information Management (PIM) software

MessagesAppointmentsContactsTasks


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PC SoftwareShareware – author counts on the honor system for payment; copyrightedFreeware – may be used free of charge; copyrighted Public-domain software – may be used without restriction; not copyrighted


ComputersSoftware

PC SoftwareHome and family software

Legal advisorsHobbies

Education and edutainment softwareReference softwareBusiness and financial software


ComputersSoftware

Graphics Software and MultimediaMultimedia – use of text, pictures, animation, and sound to present an idea


ComputersSoftware

Graphics Software and MultimediaGraphics software – allows the user to create pictures on a computer

Bit-mapped image – picture is made up of dotsPixels – picture elements (dots)Raster graphic– another name for bit-mapped graphicsVector graphic – image is composed of geometric shapes such as lines and pointsMetafile format – combines bit-mapped and vector graphics


ComputersSoftware

Graphics Software and MultimediaFile formats

JPEG – web pages and digital photographyBMP – Microsoft WindowsGIF – web pages and downloadable imagesTIFF – used in print publishingPCX – PC PaintbrushPNG – replacement for GIF


ComputersSoftware

Graphics Software and MultimediaPaint software – creation of bit-mapped imagesDraw software – creation of vector imagesPhoto illustration software – creation and editing of existing digitized images

Morphing – changing one image to another


ComputersSoftware

Graphics Software and MultimediaDrag-and-drop software – users choose from pre-created shapesAnimation softwareVideo editing software


ComputersSoftware

MultimediaDigital cameraVideo camera, VCR, audio cassette player, CD player, televisionCD-RW or DVD+RWSynthesizerVideo capture cardColor scanner


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MultimediaSound files

MP3Wave files – waveformMIDI files – nonwaveform files created using musical instruments

Image filesUser createdClip artScanned imagesPhoto images


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MultimediaMotion video filesUser needs to create motion video files:

Video cameraVideo capture board


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Creating a Multimedia ApplicationPresentation softwareAuthoring software

Used for creating multimedia applications

Multimedia programmingMay require high-end multimedia programsMay require programming skills


Computers Software

Chapter 2 – Lesson Summary• Operating system purposes

• Windows concepts

• Software suite applications

• There are many applications for personal computers

• Graphics and Multimedia


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