COMPUTER SYSTEM ORGANISATION A computer system consists of :-

1. Hard ware 2. Software

HARDWARE:- Hardware represents the physical and tangible components of the computer it self that is those components which we can be touched and seen.

For eg. Input devices, out put devices, CPU and all electronic ccts

SOFTWARE:- A sequence of instructions or set of instructions given to a computer to perform a particular task (or that tell the computer what to do, when to do) is called software or program

Software mainly two types

1. System or operating software 2. application software

HARD WARE

SOFT WAREFor

e.g. SYSTEM OR

OPERATING SOFTWARE

APPLICATION

SOFTWARE

INPUTDEVICES

OUTPUTDEVICES

MEMORYDEVICES

CPU

IN PUTDEVICE

ALU OUT PUTDEVICE

MAIN MEMORY

CONTROL UNIT

AUX MEMORY

CPU

DATA

CONTROL SIGNAL

BASIC DIGITAL COMPUTER

HARD WARE

BIOSOPERATING SYSTEMAPPLICATION SOFTWARE

USER

SYSTEM OR OPERATING SOFTWARE

APPLICATION

SOFTWARE

TYPES OF SOFTWARE

It is made up of control programs, It is a series set of instructions one or more programs that are basically designed to control the operation of computer system. It is also called operating system. It runs the computer and act as a scheduler. It controls the programs the flow of signal from CPU and various parts of the computer. System software or operating software makes the operation of the computer system more effective and efficient.

1. MS DOS 2.         Windows3.          Unix4. LINUX 5.          Sun Solaris

Operating system can be organized in to four major types according to use.

1. Real time Operating system

2. Single user/single tasking OS

3. Single user/multi tasking OS

4. Multi user/multi tasking OS

1. Real time Operating system:-

It is very fast , relatively small OS. Real time OS’s are often also embedded OS’s. When they are built in to the circuitry of a device and are not loaded from the disk drive . A real time OS is needed to run real time applications , It may support multiple simultaneous tasks or single tasks .

Real time applications are needed to run medical diagnostics Eqpt, life support system, instruments and industry systems

2. Single user/single tasking:-

An operating system that allows a single user to perform just one task at a time is a single user/single tasking OS.

For eg:- To a user, a “task’ is a function such as printing document , writing a file to disk , editing a file or down loading a file.

Eg:- MS DOS Operating system

3. Single user/multi tasking :-It is one that allows a single user to

perform two or more functions at once. It takes a special operating system to keep two or more tasks running at once.

For eg: MS windows , Macintosh OS

The multi tasking features of these OS’s have greatly increased the productivity of people in a large variety of Jobs because they can accoplish more in a shorter period of time

4. Multi user/multi tasking It is an operating system that allows multiple

users to use programs that are simultaneously running on a single net work SERVER, called terminal SERVER. When computer is connected to a SERVER to access document files to edit , the client computer performs the processing work locally. Which gives each user a complete environment , called a user session on the server. Each user applications run within their user session on the server separate from all other user sessions.

The software that makes this possible is called a terminal client.

For eg :- Unix , Linux OS’s

MS DOS WINDOWS UNIX/LINUX

SOLARIES

SYSTEM OR OPERATING SOFTWARE

WINDOWS 3. .0, 3..1

WINDOWS 95

WINDOWS 98

WINDOWS 98 (SE)

WINDOWS NT

WINDOWS 2000

WINDOWS XP

WINWS ME

WINDOWS VISTA

1. Running the all other software’s2 Communicating with all peripherals devices3.    Development of other software’s 4. Monitoring the use of various Hardware recourses such as memory, peripherals, CPU etc

OPERATING SYSTEM SUPPORTED

1. Job management 2.      Task management3.      Data or memory management4.      Security5.      Boot strap or booting6.      Directory management7.      File management8.      Command interpreter9.  Utility programs.

Application software or application packages are set of one or more programs designed to carry out operations for a specified application/ purpose is called application software or application package.For e.g. 1. Object oriented application

2.         Data base oriented application

WORD PROCESSING

SPREAD SHEET

DATA BASE APPLICATION

OBJECT ORIENTED APPLICATIONSOFTWARES

WORD STAR

MS WORD

NOTE PAD

WORD PAD

LOTUS

MS EXCEL

TALLY

E-COMMERCE

D BASE

FOXPRO

MS ACCESS

ORACLE

PAGE MAKER

COREL DRAW

PHOTO SHOP

MS POWER POINT

APPLICATION SOFTWARE

1. May 1990 - Windows 3.02. May 1992 - Windows 3.13 July 1993 - Windows NT 4.04 Aug 1995 - Windows 955 Sept 1998 - Windows 986. Dec 1998 - Windows 98 (SE)7. 1999 - Windows Me8 1998 - Windows 98 9. 2000 - Windows 200010. 2000 - Windows NT11. 2001 - Windows XP 12. 2006 - Windows Vista

WINDOWS OPEARTING SYSTEM History of windows:-

1. It has GUI (Graphical user interface) base system2. It is supported and encourage to 32/64 bits operation3. Multi tasking system4. It is allowed to place the file/folder on the Desktop and work from there.5 Supported long file names up to 255 characters6. Supported multiple users with their own setting such desk top Icon’s

Contd-2

7 It is supported to make built in peer to peer networking to access file and folder each other.

8. it is corporate “object linking and embedding” (OLE) ie user could easily create compressive documents combining information from several different application program.9. It is supported to “Plug and Play” standard for hardware developed by PC makers.10 It has a new mail system called Microsoft exchange

for all the types of messages such as E/Mail, Internet.11. Microsoft system information .12 Windows system update i.e. maximum drivers are

available.

-2-

MS DOS ORGANISATIONMS DOS consists of three main system program files as .SYS and .COM

1   IO .SYS2.             MS DOS .SYS3.            Command.Com

COMMANDS OF MS DOS1   Internal commands2.             External commands

MS DOS1 It is work on CUI bases.2. Key board is used as input device.

3. Low memory space is required to load the OS (17 KB)

4. Single tasking system

5. No memory sharing facilities

6. It can not support the graphics 7. It can not support the MPEG file8. It can not support with Internet & E-

Mail.9. There is no system to recover the

deleted file up to DOS 5 Version

10. File length will be limited ie up to eight character with extension of three letters.

WINDOWS1. It is work on GUI bases.2. Key board and Mouse both used as

input device.3. It requires min 16 MB memory

4. Multi tasking system

5. Memory can be share with another computer

6. It can support the graphics 7. It can support the MPEG file8. It can support with Internet & E-Mail.

9. There a provision to recover the deleted file

10. File length will be up to 255 characters with extension of three letters.

CPU : P- IV 3 GHz/I3/I5/I7M/ BOARD : INTEL 845/G seriesRAM : 4GB OR HIGHERHARD DISK : 1 TBF/DRIVE : 1.44 MBM/M KIT : SOUND CARD , CR ROM SPEAKERS , MICKEYBOARD : 104 KEYS OR HIGHERMONITOR: : COLOR MODEM: : BROADBANDMOUSE: : 2/3 BUTTON SERIAL / PS/2/USB CABINET : ATX/Mimi TowerPRINTER : LASER / DMPLAN CARD : 10/100/1OOO Mbps

It is made up of control programs, It is a series set of instructions one or more programs that are basically designed to control the operation of computer system. It is also called operating system. It runs the computer and act as a scheduler. It controls the programs the flow of signal from CPU and various parts of the computer. System software or operating software makes the operation of the computer system more effective and efficient.

CPU : P- IV 2.4 GHzM/ BOARD : INTEL 845 GELLYSDRAM : 256 MB OR HIGHERHARD DISK : 40 GBF/DRIVE : 1.44 MBM/M KIT : SOUND CARD , CR ROM SPEAKERS , MICKEYBOARD : 104 KEYS OR HIGHERMONITOR: : COLOR MODEM: : 56.6 kbpsMOUSE: : 2/3 BUTTON SERIAL / PS/2 CABINET : ATX/Mimi TowerPRINTER : LASER / DMPLAN CARD : 10/100 Mbps PCI

MOUSE KEY BOARD

PRINTER MONITOR

RAM MEMORYFDD

HDD

CD ROM DRIVE

CPULAN CARD

MOTHER BOARD

MOUSE KEY BOARD

CU ALU CACHEMEMORY

PRINTER MONITOR

CD-RCD-RW

DVDS

SEMI CONDUCTORMEMORY

MAGNETIC TAPEMEMORY

OPTICALMEMORY

FLOPPY HARD DISK

RAMROM

SRAM DRAM DDR RAM

SD RAM

PROM EPROM EEPROM

INPUTDEVICES

CPU DEVICES

OUTPUTDEVICES

MEMORYDEVICES