Computer Hardware Computer Hardware ComponentsComponents

Computer Hardware Computer Hardware componentscomponents

MotherboardCPUKeyboardMouse RAMMonitor Floppy drive CD-ROM driveHard disk driveDVD Drives

Central Processing UnitCentral Processing Unit

The microprocessor consists of three sections:

1.Arithmetic Logic Unit2.Registers

3.Control Unit

MOTHERBOARDMOTHERBOARD Main circuit board inside your Main circuit board inside your

computer is called a computer is called a motherboard. motherboard.

The motherboard contains the The motherboard contains the connectors for attaching connectors for attaching additional boards, such as the additional boards, such as the CPU, BIOS, memory, mass CPU, BIOS, memory, mass storage interfaces, serial and storage interfaces, serial and parallel ports, expansion slots parallel ports, expansion slots and all the controllers that are and all the controllers that are required to control standard required to control standard peripheral devices such as the peripheral devices such as the display screen, keyboard, and display screen, keyboard, and hard drive. hard drive.

MOTHERBOARDMOTHERBOARD

Here we see a diagram Here we see a diagram and a photo of a and a photo of a motherboard (or main motherboard (or main circuit board). circuit board). This one is suitable for a This one is suitable for a Pentium CPU Pentium CPU

PCI SLOTSPCI SLOTS

PCI slotsPCI slots This This board has 4 slots board has 4 slots for the newer PCI for the newer PCI boards for boards for peripherals like peripherals like video cards, video cards, sound cards, sound cards, internal modems, internal modems, etcetc

MEMORY SLOTMEMORY SLOT

Memory slotsMemory slots There are 4 short There are 4 short slots for SIMM slots for SIMM memory. memory. This board has This board has two long slots for two long slots for a new kind of a new kind of memory called memory called DIMM DRAM. DIMM DRAM.

MOTHERBOARDMOTHERBOARD

Keyboard plugKeyboard plug :This is where the keyboard attaches, thru the back of the :This is where the keyboard attaches, thru the back of the computer.computer.

Power ConnectionsPower Connections This is where the power supply connects to the This is where the power supply connects to the motherboardmotherboard

Processor socketProcessor socket What is visible here is the place where the processor What is visible here is the place where the processor plugs into the motherboard. When the processor is installed, you still can't plugs into the motherboard. When the processor is installed, you still can't see it because on top of it is a heat sink and fan to keep the processor cool. see it because on top of it is a heat sink and fan to keep the processor cool. Hot processors make mistakes or even melt important parts on the chip.Hot processors make mistakes or even melt important parts on the chip.

Different processors are different sizes. So the socket on the motherboard Different processors are different sizes. So the socket on the motherboard has to match the processor. Also, the circuits in the motherboard itself must has to match the processor. Also, the circuits in the motherboard itself must be different for different processors. be different for different processors.

RAMRAM

RAM, or Random-Access-RAM, or Random-Access-Memory, is a type of memory that Memory, is a type of memory that accesses faster than main memory accesses faster than main memory (like a hard drive), but that only (like a hard drive), but that only stores data while the computer is stores data while the computer is turned on. It is normally used to turned on. It is normally used to store the program that your store the program that your computer is currently running, computer is currently running, and any data that program needs.and any data that program needs.

RAM is divided into small blocks RAM is divided into small blocks of data, each of which can be of data, each of which can be accessed by a unique number, accessed by a unique number,

called an address.called an address.

MonitorMonitor

The computer The computer screen is used screen is used for outputting for outputting information in information in an an understandable understandable format.format.

Floppy driveFloppy drive Storage Devices -- "How it saves data andStorage Devices -- "How it saves data and programs“programs“- - Hard disk drives are an internal,- - Hard disk drives are an internal,higher capacity drive which also stores thehigher capacity drive which also stores theoperating system which runs when you operating system which runs when you

powerpoweron the computer.- on the computer.-

"Floppy" disk drives allow you to save"Floppy" disk drives allow you to savework on small disks and take the data withwork on small disks and take the data withyou.you.

FEATURES:- FLOPPY DISKFEATURES:- FLOPPY DISK

Diskettes (Floppy Disks)Diskettes (Floppy Disks)

Speed:Speed:

Very slow!Very slow!

Capacity:Capacity:

Normally 1.44 MbytesNormally 1.44 Mbytes..

Cost:Cost:

Very cheapVery cheap..

EXTRA FEATURESEXTRA FEATURES

Hard DisksHard DisksHard DisksHard Disks Speed:Speed: Very fast!Very fast! The speed of a hard disk is often quoted The speed of a hard disk is often quoted

as "averageas "average access time" speed, measured in access time" speed, measured in

milliseconds. Themilliseconds. The smaller this number the faster the disk.smaller this number the faster the disk. Capacity:Capacity: Enormous! Often 40/80 Gigabytes. A Enormous! Often 40/80 Gigabytes. A

Gigabyte isGigabyte is equivalent to 1024 Megabytes.equivalent to 1024 Megabytes. Cost:Cost: Hard disks costs are falling rapidly and Hard disks costs are falling rapidly and

normallynormally represent the cheapest way of storing represent the cheapest way of storing

datadata..

CD-ROM driveCD-ROM drive

They are disc drives which read They are disc drives which read Compact Discs (CDs). They are Compact Discs (CDs). They are transportable and can be used transportable and can be used to perform various tasks such to perform various tasks such as reading data from the as reading data from the computer and listening to audio. computer and listening to audio.

Data is written on a CD by Data is written on a CD by burning pits into the disc to burning pits into the disc to produce non-reflective areas. produce non-reflective areas.

DVD DrivesDVD Drives

Computer DVD drives can be Computer DVD drives can be used to watch DVD video, play used to watch DVD video, play audio CDs and store audio CDs and store information on DVDs and CDs. information on DVDs and CDs. DVD drives are now being DVD drives are now being installed in new computers installed in new computers instead of CD drives. instead of CD drives.

Computer DVD drives are able Computer DVD drives are able to read data stored on CD-to read data stored on CD-ROMS and DVDs and can ROMS and DVDs and can play both video and audio play both video and audio DVDs. CD-ROM drives cannot DVDs. CD-ROM drives cannot read DVDs.read DVDs.

Presented by:-Naveen SihagPresented by:-Naveen Sihag