COMPUTER HARDWARENUR AMALINA 233130

‘AIN HUSNA 233179

NOORIZATI 231628

HISTORY OF COMPUTER HARDWAREComputer was referred as the machine which can carry the task of computation form the end of the 19th century. However now it is not just a calculation machine, it has diversified applications and it has even revolutionized the industry. If we make a deep analysis regarding the history of the computer we have to go back in 16th century. However the true progress in this field started in early nineteenth century.

DEFINITION OF COMPUTER HARDWAREComputer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer system. This includes the computer case, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. It also includes all the parts inside the computer case, such as the hard disk drive, motherboard, video card, and many others. Computer hardware is what you can physically touch.

Component of computer hardware :-

Computer case

Hard disk drive

Monitor

Keyboard

Mouse

Speaker

Microphone

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Video Card

COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER HARDWARE Computer case - also known as a computer chassis, tower, system unit, cabinet,

base unit or simply case and sometimes incorrectly referred to as the "CPU" or "hard drive”.It is the enclosure that contains most of the components of a computer usually excluding the display, keyboard and mouse.

Monitor - The monitor displays the computer's user interface and open programs, allowing the user to interact with the computer, typically using the keyboard and mouse.

Keyboard - an input device used to enter characters and functions into the computer system by pressing buttons, or keys. It is the primary device used to enter text. A keyboard typically contains keys for individual letters, numbers and special characters, as well as keys for specific functions. A keyboard is connected to a computer system using a cable or a wireless connection.

Mouse - is a small device that a computer user pushes across a desk surface in order to point to a place on a display screen and to select one or more actions to take from that position.

Hard disk drive - is a data storage device used for storing and retrieving digital information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks coated with magnetic material.

Motherboard - one of the most essential parts of a computer system. It holds together many of the crucial components of a computer, including the central processing unit (CPU), memory and connectors for input and output devices.

Video card - connects to the motherboard of a computer system and generates output images to display. Video cards are also referred to as graphics cards. Video cards include a processing unit, memory, a cooling mechanism and connections to a display device.

CPU - a piece of hardware that carries out the instructions of a computer program. It performs the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of a computer system.

MAIN CATEGORIESThere are four main categories in today common computer hardware:

Input device hardware

Processing device hardware

Storage device hardware

Output device hardware

1. INPUT DEVICE HARDWAREAny computer hardware that facilitates feeding data and information into a computer system. It read user input actions like text, graphics, sounds, videos and others.

Most commonly use input hardware:

 keyboards, mice,scanners,  and joysticks.

2. PROCESSING DEVICE HARDWARE

Refer to the computer hardware that manipulate data, turning them into information.

Central Processing Unit (CPU) include Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) and Control Unit (CU).

3. STORAGE DEVICE HARDWARE The part of the computer hardware are used to store data.

Primary storage like RAM and ROM.

Secondary storage like disk drive, flash drive, eternal disk drive etc.

Types of computer storage are magnetic storage, optical storage device

Flash memory devices , online and cloud, paper storage.

4.OUTPUT DEVICE Hardware components that disseminate and display both data and

information.

Can be categorized into softcopy output and hardcopy output.