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SUBMITED BY :- DIVAS KUMAR GUPTA

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Page 1: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

SUBMITED BY

:-DIVAS KUMAR

GUPTA

Page 2: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta
Page 3: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

• computers became more affordable

• computers can now be found in homes, schools, offices etc.

• there has been a tremendous improvement in software technology

• different software applications to choose from: word processing, spreadsheets, database management, games and entertainment.

• computer subjects are now being offered not just to college students but even to high school and elementary.

• computers are now used as an aid in teaching math, science etc.

Page 4: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

• is classified as fourth generation computers.

• faster, more powerful, tremendous data storage and processing capacity

• new brands and models would come out the market almost every other month.

• many clones or imitations of the IBM have become even more powerful and a lot cheaper.

Page 5: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

ADVANTAGES:

• RELIABILITY – Unlike vacuum tubes,

silicon will not break down easily. It is

very seldom that you will have to

replace it.

• LOW COST – Silicon chips are

relatively cheap because of their small

size and availability in the market. It

also consumes less electricity.

Page 7: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

ADVANTAGES:

• RELIABILITY – Unlike vacuum tubes,

silicon will not break down easily. It is

very seldom that you will have to

replace it.

• LOW COST – Silicon chips are

relatively cheap because of their small

size and availability in the market. It

also consumes less electricity.

Page 8: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

Third generation computers arose in 1965 with the invention

of smaller electronic circuits called integrated circuits

(IC’S)

INTEGRATED CIRCUITS – are square silicon chips

containing circuitry that can perform the functions of

hundreds of transistors.

Page 9: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

The year 1959 marked the invention of transistors, which characterized the second generation of computers.

TRANSISTOR – was a three-legged component which shrunk the size of the first generation computers. Occupied only 1/100th of the space occupied by a vacuum tube

More reliable, had greater computational speed, required no warm-up time and consumed far less electricity.

Page 10: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

DISADVANTAGES:

• They generate more heat

causing many problems in

temperature regulation and

climate control.

• Tubes were subject to frequent

burn-out.

Page 11: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

• The first generation of computers, characterized by vacuum tubes, started in 1951 with the creation of -

UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) – a tabulating machine which won the contest for the fastest machine which could count the US 1890 census.

VACUUM TUBES – electronic tubes about the size of light bulbs.

Page 12: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

• The first generation of computers, characterized by vacuum tubes, started in 1951 with the creation of -

UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) – a tabulating machine which won the contest for the fastest machine which could count the US 1890 census.

VACUUM TUBES – electronic tubes about the size of light bulbs.

Page 13: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

FIRSTH GENERATION

• Man used his fingers, ropes, beads,

bones, pebbles and other objects for

counting.

•Abacus, Pascaline, Difference &

Anylitical engines

•Electricity was not yet invented

Page 14: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

• Silicon Chips ( Very Large Integrated Circuits) VLSI

• LSI’s, VLSI’s

• Unlimited

• CdRom, Optical Disk

• NEC, Packard Bell, Compaq, Other Clones

Page 15: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

• Silicon Chips (Large scale integrated circuits)=LSI

• IC’s, LSI’s

• 100 million bits

• Read programs off disks

• Apple, Xerox, Texas Instrument, Hewlett-Packard

Page 16: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

• Silicon Chips (Integrated circuits)= IC

• Cores, IC’s

• 128,000 bits

• Keyboard Entry

• IBM, NCR, Honeywell

Page 17: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

• Transistors

• Magnetic Cores

• 32,000 bits

• Punch Cards

• CDC, GE, IBM

Page 18: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

• Vacuum Tubes

• Magnetic Drum

• 4,000 bits

• Hard Wire Programs in computers

• IBM 650, Univac I

• ENIAC

Page 19: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta

• Time Frame

• Circuit Components

• Elements per Component

• Internal Storage

• Memory Capacity

• Data Input

• Popular Computers and Companies at that time

Page 20: computer generation,history of computer, computer basic,what is computer,computer generation by divas,computer generation by divas kumar gupta