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Computer

(Four Basic Components)

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CPU - Central Processing Unit Input Controllers Output Controllers Storage Media

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Central Processing Unit "Brain" of a computer

Is the hardware within a computer that carries out theinstructions of a computer program by performing thebasic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations ofthe system

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Memory ROM - Read Only Memory

RAM - Random Access Memory

Read Only Memory Form of Permanent Storage

Firmware

Translate computer's high-level programming

languages into machine languagess (Binary Codes) Memory storage is not erased even when the

compouter is turned off.

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Storage Media Devices

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Hard DriveIt is a data storage device used for storing andretrieving digital information using rapidly rotating

discs (platters) coated with magnetic material.

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Diskettes (Floppy disk)Is a disk storage medium composed of a disk of thinand flexible magnetic storage medium, sealed in arectangular plastic carrier lined with fabric thatremoves dust particles

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CD-ROM(Compact Disc Read-only memory) Is a type of optical disk capable of storing large amounts of data

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USB Disk(Universal Serial Bus) Is a type of connector which allows the user to attachperipheral devices to his computer

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Input and OutputDevices

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Input Devices

The devices used to receive informationfrom the outside world

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Mouse A pointing device that functions by detecting two- dimensional motion relative to its

supporting surface

Examples:

Keyboard

The set of typewriter-like keys that enables you to enter data into a computer

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Nursing Workstations:

Touch Screen

Is an electronic visual display that the user can control through simple or multi-touchgestures by touching the screen with one or more fingers

Lightpen

A device that connects to your computer

It is the size of a regular writing pen and is used as a pointing device on your

screen

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Voice System

Scanner

Is a device that 'reads' or 'scans' an image and converts it to a digital format

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the devices used to report the results fromthe computer into the outside world.

can be in a form of text, data files, sound,

graphics, or signals to other devices

Output Devices

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Examples:

Monitor

Is an electronic visual display for computers

Printer

Is a peripheral which produces a representation of an electronic document

on physical media such as paper or transparency film

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Speaker

Are a pair of small loudspeakers that are designed to be held in place close to a

user's ears

Headphones

An electromechanical device which produces sound

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Projector

A device that projects an image on a surface

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Computer Power

Bits and Bytes refers to how the machine stores

information at the lowest level possible.

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Bits and Bytes

Bit - a unit data in a binary numbering system

Byte - made up of nine bits

* There are 255 different combinations of 0 and 1 in an 8- character unit.