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S Vadrevu 1 Comprehension Exercise Capital Punishment

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Comprehension Exercise. Capital Punishment. Question 1. What is the ‘contradiction’ that arose with the use of the death penalty? [2] Everyone agreed that the death penalty could stop the number of crimes from increasing [1] - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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S Vadrevu1

Comprehension Exercise

Capital Punishment

S Vadrevu2

Question 1

What is the ‘contradiction’ that arose with the use of the death penalty? [2] Everyone agreed that the death penalty

could stop the number of crimes from increasing [1]

Yet it was not uniformly applied in all the colonies to all crimes [1]

NOTE: The element of contradiction is very important, with the use of words like ‘although’, ‘while’ and ‘but’.

NOTE: Contradiction means 2 opposing ideas. NOTE: wrong answer- “It was useful”, because it was

only thought to be useful.

S Vadrevu3

Question 2

Beccaria ‘defied the trend at that time’ (line 11). What was this trend? [1]The trend was to increase the number

of crimes that were punishable by death [1]

OR to apply the death penalty to a wider range of crimes [1]

NOTE: wrong answer- to eliminate the death penalty (refer to the word ‘defied’)

S Vadrevu4

Question 3

How was William Bradford’s attack on the death penalty different from what the abolitionist movement proposed? [2] He wanted to limit the death penalty to very

serious cases [1] But the abolitionist movement wanted to

eliminate the death penalty for all crimes [1] NOTE: Must mention the abolitionists’ stand to contrast

against Bradford’s stand.

S Vadrevu5

Question 4

The death penalty was ‘not a preventive measure’ (line 51). What evidence did the writer give for having this opinion? [2] When there were no serious crimes, the death

penalty would be taken away, but it was put back when serious crimes were committed [1]

OR there was a cyclical pattern of abolishment and reinstatement of the death penalty [1]

It would have been too late by the time the death penalty was reinstated because the crime would already have been committed [1]

NOTE: No marks for describing only half of the cyclical pattern

S Vadrevu6

Question 5

Why was 1917 considered the ‘lowest point of the abolitionist movement’ (lines 46-47)? [1] The number of states that abolished capital

punishment was the least compared to other years [1]

OR the number of states that instituted the death penalty increased while the number that rejected it declined [1]

S Vadrevu7

Question 6

How do you think the public viewed criminals when prisons were used instead of the death penalty? [2]

IMPORTANT: remember that public opinion controlled the law. If the criminals were put in prison, it was because the public felt that was better. They felt that criminals could change their

ways [1] And they could be given another chance at

leading their lives again [1] NOTE: think of the question as: “What do you think was

the general public opinion of criminals at the time when most people opposed the death penalty?”

S Vadrevu8

Question 7

With the start of the Civil Rights Movement, the abolitionist movement became more successful. How did the former help the latter? [2]It argued that man had the right to live

[1]The death penalty would violate this

right [1] NOTE: Avoid throwing in whole chunks of information. You

get no marks for making the examiner select the points.

S Vadrevu9

Question 8

What evidence is there to show that there were ‘constant changes’ (line 64) to the death penalty?As the presidents changed [1]The laws changed [1]

NOTE: The point about the Supreme Court holding discussions is not evidence. Neither is the point about the serious consequences and irreversibility of capital punishment

S Vadrevu10

Question 9

Capital punishment is a contentious issue. What specific evidence does the writer provide to show this? [2] Whether capital punishment is right or wrong

has been widely discussed after more than two centuries [1]

And changes are always being made to the laws of a country [1]

OR Many ethical issues arise [1] OR There have been many groups in

support or opposition of the death penalty [1]

S Vadrevu11

Question 10

According to the writer, what are the benefits of imprisonment? [3]The level of suffering is higher,

especially for young offenders [1]There is the chance to turn over a new

leaf and be released early [1]The decision is reversible if the person

has been wrongfully accused [1]

S Vadrevu12

Question 11

According to the writer, what are ‘real criminals’ (line 41)?Hold high positions in society and

escape detection [1]OR too intelligent/ powerful to get

caught [1]

S Vadrevu13

Question 12

AntisocialDisruptiveNot doing the society goodOpposed to laws and societyHarmful to societyNot blending in well with societyContrary to the rules of society

S Vadrevu14

Question 12

StreamA long and continuous series of thingsFlowContinuous flowNOT ACCEPTED: continuous, series

S Vadrevu15

Question 12

OutlawedMade illegalAbolishedBannedDisallowed

S Vadrevu16

Question 12

RightAuthorityMorally justified to do somethingPower

S Vadrevu17

Question 12

MeticulouslyCarefullyWith attention to detailPreciselyNOT ACCEPTED: cautiously,

thoroughly

S Vadrevu18

Summary Answer Key1 Rush’s proposal sparked off a

stream of abolitionist petitions from people in the other states as well

Rush’s proposal led to many people petitioning for the end of capital punishment

2 In the 1790s, William Bradford, the Pennsylvania attorney general attacked the death penalty

A Pennsylvanian attorney general

3 While not arguing for its total elimination, he presented a strong case for its limitation to the most severe cases

Proposed the reduction in the types of crimes that were punishable by death

4 By the second quarter of the nineteenth century

Later on

5 Abolitionist movements sprang up

Many different abolitionist movements came about

S Vadrevu19

Summary Answer Key6 In many states in America In various American states

7 And in 1845, the American Society for the Abolition of Capital Punishment was founded

The American Society for the Abolition of Capital Punishment was later founded

8 It was only in 1846 A year later

9 That Michigan abolished the death penalty and replaced it with life imprisonment

Michigan used life imprisonment instead of capital punishment

10 By 1852, Rhode Island outlawed hanging and Wisconsin did the same a year later… their system of law and order

More states followed suit

S Vadrevu20

Summary Answer Key11 The civil war in the second

half of the eighteenth century interrupted the concern over the death penalty

But the Civil War later interrupted the momentum

12 A new perspective… the National Prison Association was formed in 1870

The National Prison Association was later formed

13 Once the death penalty was revoked in a state… it would be reinstated again

But the states were constantly removing and putting back capital punishment

14 Then, in the wake of an exceptionally heinous crime, the death penalty would be reinstated

The law was returned after a heinous crime

15 An eloquent and impassioned plea for abolishing the death penalty would lead to its consideration and even enactment in the judicial system

And when there were fewer crimes the law was removed again

S Vadrevu21

Summary Answer Key16 The abolitionist movement only recovered

in the 1960sThe abolitionist movement became popular again

17 With the dawn of the Civil Rights Movement

When the Civil Rights Movement occurred

18 Arguments were made against the killing of criminals because every human had the right to live

This was enhanced

19 Christian groups began to seriously adopt the abolitionist position on the death penalty

By Christian groups who opposed capital punishment

20 The Supreme Court held serious discussions about the case for capital punishment

Although the Supreme Court debated about the death penalty

21 Over the years, as the presidency changed, so too did the laws on the death penalty

The outcome usually depended on who the president was at the moment