HYPNOSI

S

“INTRODUCTION”Hypnosis is a mental state (state theory) or set of attitudes and beliefs (non-state) usually induced by a procedure known as a hypnotic induction, which is commonly composed of a long series of preliminary instructions and suggestions.

“INTRODUCTION”Hypnotic suggestions may b self-administered (“self-suggestion” or “ autosuggestion”). The use of hypnotism for therapeutic purpose is referred to as “hypnotherapy”

“INTRODUCTION”The word “hypnosis” and “hypnotism” both derive from the term “Neuro-hypnotism” (nervous-sleep) coined by the Scottish surgeon James Braid around 1841.

“INTRODUCTION”Contrary to a popular misconception – that hypnosis is o form of unconsciousness resembling sleep – contemporary research suggests that it is actually a wakeful state of focused attention and heightened suggestibility with diminished peripheral awareness.

“introduction”Braid described “hypnotism” as a state of physical relaxation accompanied and induced by mental concentration (“abstraction”).

“Definition”“Hypnosis is a relaxing, naturally occurring state of mind which happens to us every day. Each time we read a captivating novel, float off in a daydream or see an engrossing movie we are in a natural state of hypnosis.”

“Definition”Hypnosis   A heightened state of suggestibility, such that the suggestions given are accepted as being true and effect the beliefs, habits, perceptions and behaviors of an individual in varying degrees according to the depth of hypnosis established.

“definition” "Deeper levels" of hypnosis enable the hypnotized individual to experience greater hypnotic phenomenon such as light states being able to create catalepsy by suggestion, and deeper states allowing the individual to experience amnesia, anesthesia, and hallucinations.

KINDS OF HYPNOSIS

Over the years hypnosis has received some pretty bad press, some justified, but much of the criticism has come from those who do not truly understand the power of hypnosis.

However things are slowly changing, and it is now generally accepted even in the medical profession that hypnosis is real and can be a very powerful tool.

Hypnosis is simply a mental state induced by a hypnotic induction, commonly composed of a series of preliminary instructions and suggestions.

Whilst in the hypnotic state subjects will be in a state of heightened suggestibility where they are far more likely to believe or perform what they are being told.

It can be very effective on some people, and have no effect on others, it really depends on the individual and their state of mind as to whether hypnosis will have any effect or not.

FEW KINDS OF HYPNOSIS ARE:

TRADITIONAL HYPNOSIS

HYPNOTHERAPY

SELF HYPNOSIS

NLP HYPNOSIS

ERICKSONIAN HYPNOSIS

TRADITIONAL HYPNOSISTraditional hypnosis is when the hypnotist

puts the subject into a hypnotic trance and then tells the subject what to do by giving direct commands and suggestions. Traditional hypnosis has received some bad press over the years and unfortunately some of it is justified. There have been many stories of actors and stooges playacting in the performance, and at the other extreme people have become stuck in a hypnotic state of terror unable to fully awaken. Having said this traditional hypnosis can be a fun and effective tool when used by an experienced hypnotist.

HYPNOTHERAPYUsing hypnosis to promote healing or positive development in any way is known as hypnotherapy. It is usually used to tackle psychological problems within the mind as this is where hypnosis can very powerful. When successful hypnotherapy can reprogram patterns of behaviour within the mind and can allow things like phobias, irrational fears, addictions and negative emotions to be controlled. Hypnotherapy can also be used to control the sensations of pain, and hypnosis has been used to perform surgery on fully conscious patients who would be in obvious agony if not for the use of hypnosis.

SELF HYPNOSIS

Self hypnosis (also known as auto hypnosis) is a self induced form of hypnosis and usually involves the subject learning a set of procedures, or following a recording or some other form of media. Usually this is another form of hypnotherapy and a hypnotherapist will often teach or recommend self-hypnosis to their patients. It can also be used for relaxation and has been compared with meditation. The uses of self-hypnosis are very similar to those of hypnotherapy and can be used to combat psychological problems like phobias, addictions, stress and other psychological problems.

NLP HYPNOSIS* NLP hypnosis (neuro-linguistic programming) is another form of hypnosis similar to self hypnosis but concentrates more on peoples behaviours. * NLP hypnosis is used to tackle psychological or behavioural problems or to simply improve ones sense of well being. It is a great tool for motivation and improving self confidence, although again it is unclear in the scientific community exactly what NLP is or how it works.

ERICKSONIAN HYPNOSISIt is also known as conversational hypnosis or

covert hypnosis, Ericksonian hypnosis is when a subject can be hypnotized within a normal conversation, often without the subject realizing they are being hypnotized at all.

Ericksonian hypnosis or conversational hypnosis was started by the hypnotherapist Dr Milton H. Erickson, who learnt to use his speech so effectively after becoming paralyzed and seriously ill himself. After contracting polio at the age of 17 he was essentially bed ridden for long periods, but during this time he learnt the significance of non-verbal communication - things like body language and tone of voice.

This form of hypnosis can be used on those who are skeptical about hypnotherapy or more traditional hypnosis, and has been said to be more effective on those who are more skeptical. It can be used by therapists during conversation and bypasses the traditional stage where a hypnotist will 'induce trance' before performing their work, although according to Erickson the patient will still enter this trance like state, but it will happen within a few second using clever hypnotic language and techniques during normal conversation.

THEORIES OF HYPNOSIS

1. Atavistic Regression.

This hypothesis was proposed by Ainsle Meares MD - former president of the International

Society of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. The thought being that as the state of hypnosis

progresses the higher functions of the brain gradually become less influencial (or even shut

down completely), leaving the subject in a seemingly regressed mental state of more

primitive functioning.

This earlier state may be prior to the development of the critical function of the conscious mind (as with primitive man or a young child), thus increasing the sway of suggestion and willingness to respond to authority.

It may be an instinctive aspect of the primitive animal mind to surrender ones personal authority (as with the herd or shoaling instinct) to another when uncertain of the correct course of action to take, or being confronted with an 'alpha' or dominant personality

2. Social Role Theory This hypothesis was championed by

psychologist Robert Winthrop White (Harvard Professor of Clinical Psychology) who outlined

it in the 1941 edition of 'The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology'. The basic

premise is that there is a tendency for people to act out the role that is expected of them and that the results of hypnosis correspond

directly to a persons understanding and expectation of it. This is allied with a similar

predisposition to socially comply with or 'please' the psychologist.

3. Placebo Theory

Sometimes called the suggestion theory, is one of the earliest proposals for the hypnosis effect and was

expounded by Professor Hippolyte Bernheim in his work 'Suggestion and its Therapeutic Effects' published 1887. Here the proposal is that the greater part of the human

mind does not fall under the auspice of the conscious critical faculty and that this 'greater part' will accept

information uncritically under certain circumstances. In fact suggestion alone, even without formal hypnosis, if

insistent enough or allied with the subjects belief system could create psychological change. Though one of the

oldest respectable theories it still has a large influence on modern clinical psychology (and advertising!).

“Theories”“Reality testing theory:” this thoery is also known as “physical theory” was presented by barry d. wyke.

The proposal here is that the process of formal hypnosis, which involves gradually removing the connection to external senses (closing eyes, keeping still, relaxation, focusing on internal sensation, listening to the hypnotists voice

“theories”- as opposed to following ones own critical dialogue) may disconnect one from 'ordinary reality' resulting in a partial suspension of criticality and increased suggestibility. This might suggest that hypnosis is a much of a physiological as a psychological process.

“Theories”“MODIFIED SLEEP THEORY”The 'Modified Sleep Theory' was posited by Dr. James Braid, one of the founding fathers of modern hypnotherapy (circa 1820's). The premise is that through the fixating of attention one drifts into a state similar to sleep (which he called nervous sleep) but not actual sleep, where (as in the dream state) personal reality is not confined by logic and existing beliefs might be challenged

“Theories”“Conditioned reflex thoery:”Pavlov's Theory or the 'Conditioned Reflex Theory' suggests that hypnosis results from proximity conditioning. For example repeating the word 'sleep' or 'relax' accesses the stored response to sleep or relax .

“Theories”Psychoanalytic theory:. The Psychoanalytic Theory is based on the

relationship dynamic which exists in most people of normal psychology - that is the hierarchical family and social system. In these systems there are times (as in childhood or in employment situations) where one must defer ones egoic requirements to the authority of another person. This is especially so in the relationship of the child to its parents. Freud considered that hypnosis is the exploitation of this deference dynamic combined with the socially instinctive need to please ones perceived superiors.

“theories”Dissociation Theory:

Dissociation Theory was the brainchild of Pierre Janet, Professor of philosophy at the Lycée du Havre in the late 1800's and one of the pioneers of psychoanalysis. His work with hysteria patients led him to believe that the hypnotic state was due to a form of mental dissociation - or a splitting of the mind, or fragmentation of mind. His theory is difficult to understand and has never gained popularity.

ADVANTAGES AND

DISADVANTAGES OF HYPNOSIS

ADVANTAGESThe benefits of relaxation &self hypnosis are

great & can be used in conjunction with medical doctor.

It may effect in reducing fear blood pressure & anxiety

Reducing frequency of headache, controlling bleeding & pain during dental process

It create a state of deep relaxation, quite conscious mind & leaves unconscious part of

Of the mind open to suggestion that can improve health & life style

Hypnosis enables you to command the power of your un conscious mind to make whatever change your desire

It helps people to stop smoking, alcohol consumption n overeating

Hypnosis can used by the therapists as tool to help in eliminating the strength of phobias

It is done under the care of professionally trained hypnosis therapists to minimize the risk.

It is also creating relaxing brain wave patterns.

DISADVANTAGESHYPNOTHERAPY is not recommended for people

with the post traumatic stress ,epilepsy,& serious psychological disorders such as split personality ,borderline psychosis and depression . Many patient undergo hypnotherapy in the hopes of finding miracle cure & get disappointed when the therapist mention diet & exercise it may not work for everybody .some clients will not find their remedy in hypnotherapy for all kind of reason

CLINICAL USES OF

HYPNOSIS

Modern Hypnotherapists use Hypnosis not only for medical purposes but also as an aid for the resolution of many problems of Psychological origins.

It is estimated that approximately 85% of people of all age groups will readily respond to clinical Hypnotherapy.

some of the conditions for which Hypnotherapy is indicated as a

practical treatment:

Phobias

Stop smoking

Weight Control

Confidence, Self Esteem and Assertiveness

IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome)

Motivation

Performance Anxiety (exam stress, public speaking, driving test nerves etc.)

PHOBIASIf you've suffered from fear of something which leads to avoidance of it then you could benefit from a phobia treatment.

They primarily use techniques based in the behavioural school of psychotherapy, we also employ techniques from Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP) in addition to traditional hypnotherapeutic methods.

STOP SMOKINGA two session treatment which can break the habit now and forever.

A number of different techniques can be employed to suit the individual: Traditional Habit Breaking, Aversion, Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP) and others.

WEIGHT CONTROLA long-term therapy, with two or three sessions in the first month to get you started and then ongoing support at intervals you see fit.

They will teach you the skills to help you control your eating, to enjoy healthier foods and help find the time and motivation to exercise.

Confidence, Self Esteem and

Assertiveness There are many ways in which hypnosis can help you to become more confident, assertive and gain a greater self-esteem.

Through mental rehearsal of 'difficult' situations, ego boosting techniques and other methods, it is possible to change old behaviours and thought patterns to more positive one.

IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) A common enough problem

these days which causes discomfort to many. The symptoms include stomach pains, irregular bowel discharge and can be very embarrassing for sufferers.

Often this will be caused by psychological reasons and has been shown to respond very well to hypnosis.

MOTIVATIONThey can help clarify goals and achieve them.

They will discuss what you wish to achieve, the options for achieving goals and help to set those goals within hypnosis.

Performance Anxiety (exam stress, public

speaking, driving test nerves etc.) Hypnosis can help, through the

use of visualisations, suggestions and your own undiscovered inner resources, we can help you to use the stress energy to enhance your performance without it becoming a problem, keeping the good energy and losing the bad stress.

IMPORTANCE OF HYPNOSIS

When people often hear about hupnosis, they become skeptical. Well, we can't really blame them for there are so many bad myths and misconceptions about the idea of hypnosis as a whole.

But truth is we come across the process of hypnosis everyday in our lives. We just don't realize how hypnosis helps us in almost all aspects positively.

Some of you may want to know the reasons that make hypnosis important. Well, you are just about to find out the true essence of hypnosis in our lives.

Self ImprovementHypnosis can be used to achieve progress in a person's life. There are some qualities that we have inside ourselves which we are not aware of. These qualities are hidden within our unconscious mind and that is where hypnosis comes in the picture.You see we can go to that particular part in our subconscious where our abilities are gathered. We can then work on these abilities and make achange for a better self. This is the opportunity to overcome low SELF_CONFIDENT and our insecurities

Self DeterminationEverybody has a goal. However, most people end up doing what they think they ought to do instead of pursuing what they really want to do. There are lots of factors that affect peoples decision, especially in determining their goals in life. It may be a person we love, our surroundings or a certain downturn experience.Hypnosis can help us think positively towards ourselves and our ambition. We can now have the will to follow our dreams and continue to carry on even if we encounter a lot of barriers along the way.

Overcoming Bad HabitsPeople have their own weaknesses in life. And sometimes these weaknesses are the main factor why we cant achieve our dreams. For most people, having the right discipline to achieve a certain goal can be very difficult, especially when that particular person gets used to bad habits.With hypnosis, we can cast the old habits away. We can overcome poor eating habits. oversleeping or even overspending. And that is the way to get to our goals sooner than we can imagine

PREPARED BY:KIRAN SHAUKAT

THANK

YOU