compensating for the loss of a healthy tree: how many trees do you owe me?
TRANSCRIPT
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Compensating for the Loss of a Healthy Tree: How Many Trees Do You Owe Me?
David J. Nowak US Forest Service
Syracuse, NY
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2004
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Google goes Public
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Invest $10,000
Boris Badenov
**ONE HUNDRED EIGHTEEN**
**118**
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Invest $10,000 – Offer: $12,800 (inflation)
Boris Badenov
**ONE HUNDRED EIGHTEEN**
**118**
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Invest $10,000 – Current Value = $95,000
Boris Badenov
**ONE HUNDRED EIGHTEEN**
**118**
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Tree Value?
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Tree Value?
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Fallacy of Tree ValueThere is no NASDAQ for treesWe do not know the true value of treesWe may never know the true value of trees
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Proposed SolutionCompensate on equal trees, not $Calculate number small trees = removed treeSize based methods:
Method No. 1” trees to replace 30” tree
DBH 30Basal area 900Leaf area ~70
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Proposed SolutionCompensate based on leaf areaMany tree values associated with leaf areaTends to increase through time (predictable)
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IssueNeed to consider future values (lost or gained)
Net present value (NPV) of future leavesNPV of 1” DBH large, long-lived tree = 34,000 ft2Replace a 24” DBH large tree:
Years Remaining NPV leaves (3% rate) No. replacement trees1 6,000 ft2 0.250 187,000 ft2 5.6
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Calculating Tree CompensationTree sizeLife spanGrowth rateDiscount rate
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Tree SizeLarge: London planetree (Platanus hybrida) Small: crapemyrtle (Lagerostroemia indica).
0.2 in/yr; 100 years to death
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Life SpanCombined DBH mortality curve with average DBH distribution
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Life SpanAverage population mortality = 1,2,3 or 4%
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Life Span
Long-lived = 87 years Mod. Long-lived = 50 yrs Mod. Short-lived = 34 yrs Short-lived = 26 yrs
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Calculating Tree CompensationTree size (large vs. small)Life span (1-4% annual mortality rate)Growth rate (0.2 inches/year)Discount rate (2, 3, and 4%)
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Compensation Rate by DBH (3%; Large Tree)
Replacing large tree with large tree
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Maximum Compensation Values (3% rate)
Replacement tree : Large SmallExisting Tree L ML MS S L ML MS SLarge Long-lived (L) 6.6 12.2 20.9 31.5 13.6 19.5 29.9 41.1
Mod. Long-lived (ML) 4.4 8.1 14.0 21.1 9.1 13.0 20.0 27.5Mod. Short-lived (MS) 3.4 6.2 10.7 16.2 7.0 10.0 15.3 21.1Short-lived (S) 2.9 5.3 9.1 13.7 5.9 8.5 13.0 17.9
Small Long-lived (L) 0.9 1.6 2.8 4.1 1.8 2.6 3.9 5.4Mod. Long-lived (ML) 0.7 1.3 2.3 3.4 1.5 2.1 3.3 4.5Mod. Short-lived (MS) 0.6 1.1 1.9 2.9 1.3 1.8 2.8 3.8Short-lived (S) 0.5 1.0 1.7 2.5 1.1 1.5 2.4 3.3
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Look-up TablesDBH (inch)
YRS TO DEATH 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
80 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.1 81 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.1 82 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.8 3.1 83 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.8 3.1 84 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.1 85 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.6 2.9 3.2 86 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.6 2.9 3.2 87 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.6 2.9 3.2 88 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.7 2.9 3.2 89 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.9 3.2 90 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.2
Bold = large, long-lived treereplaced with comparable tree
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Replacement trees: Mod Short-lived Large Tree
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LimitationsLikely minimum compensationDoes not include:
Social values (Grandpa planted tree; historical tree)Punitive damagesEffect of multiple surrounding trees (forests)Value of dead trees
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CompensationDetermine number of trees based on size and life span remaining (look-up tables or program)Replant the trees, orCompensation in dollars based on cost of planting trees (not value of tree)
Example: owed 10 trees; cost of planting = $1,000 per tree (compensation = $10,000)
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Summary
[email protected] nrs.fs.fed.us/units/urban
Tree compensation:Can be calculated based on NPV of leaf areaVaries with tree size and life span remainingCan be converted to dollars based on cost of planting new trees