The Red Badge of Courageby Stephen Crane

The Lord of The Rings(The Return of The King)

by J.R.R. Tolkien

The Red Badge of Courage

When Henry Fleming joined the army, he dreamed of becoming a great hero in the War Between the States. But with gunfire and cannons raging around him, Henry faces his biggest fight of all: an inner battle to overcome his terror.

Return of The Kings

The armies of Dark Lord are massing as his evil shadow spreads even wider. Men, Dwarves, Elves and Ents unite forces to do battle against the Dark. Meanwhile, Frodo and Sam struggle further into Mordor in their heroic quest to destroy the One Ring.

Author(November 1, 1871 – June 5, 1900) was an American novelist, short story writer, poet and journalist.

He is recognized by modern critics as one of the most innovative writers of his generation.

-John Ronald Reuel Tolkien / J.R.R Tolkien-born on 3td January 1892 in Bloemfontein, South Africa.-His father, Arthur Tolkien works as a bank clerk for the Bank of Africa.

He began writing at the age of 4 and had published several articles by the age of 16. Having little interest in university studies, he left school in 1891 and began work as a reporter and writer.

In the year of 1888, Crane left Pennington for Claverack College, a quasi-military school.

A good friend to C.S Lewis

Fails in his attempt to pass Oxbridge Entrance examination

Succeeds in his second attempt to pass the Oxbridge Entrance examination and is offered an Exhibition to Exeter College, Oxford.

He won international acclaim for his 1895 Civil War novel The Red Badge of Courage, which he wrote without any battle experience.

Crane's writing is characterized by the common themes of fear, spiritual crisis and social isolation.Crane's The Red Badge of Courage depicted the American Civil War from the point of view of an ordinary soldier.

Obtained a Second Class for his Honour Moderations. Tolkien changes course to English Language and Literature.

Dies in Bournemouth on 2nd September 1973.

Published works of J.R.R Tolkien-The Hobbit-Lord of The Rings-The Adventures of Tom Bombadil-The Silmarillion

Time frame & SettingThe Red Badge of

CourageReturn of The King

•The era of the American Civil War (1861-1865)

•Also known as the War Between the States

•United States

Middle Earth - consists of Rohan, Gondor, Mordor, Shire and other places.

•The First Age - Year 1 to 3300

•The Second Age - Lord Sauron overthrown, Year 1 to 3441

•The Third Age - The war started. [All three chapters] - Year 1 to 3021

•The Forth Age - after Lord Elrond departed.

ThemesThe Red Badge of Courage Return of The King

•Courage – the story is about the courage of soldiers on the battlefield like the courage of defending owns territory as well as the courage of facing the enemy.

•Sacrifice – Wilson wants to die honorably as a person who serves for his country. He gives an envelope containing his will to Henry and asks Henry to give that envelope to his family when he died.

•Loyalty – Henry does not leave his comrades even though he has the chance to do so when the enemy finally gets closer.

•Sacrifice -The army of Rohan rides tirelessly day and night knowing that Gondor is in serious danger.

•Metamorphoses -Sam develops from servant to strong companion. As Frodo gets weaker, Sam must get stronger with each day.

•Love and Loyalty -Faramir returns to his father and immediately seeks his advice and affection even though he knows that he was not his father's favorite.

IssuesThe Red Badge of Courage Return of The King

Self-acknowledgement – Henry and Wilson determine to prove that their regiment can be one of the best regiments. They are being looked down by the general who expects most of the soldiers form their regiment to be killed in the coming attack.

The existence of courage and coward – initially, Henry tries to flee himself from the battlefield with a ‘valid excuse’. But in the end, after experiencing the death of his comrades in front of his own eyes, he realizes the true meaning of ‘The Red Badge of Courage’.

Racial elements in the story. -Men, Dwarves, Elves, Orcs, Hobbit-the character's race is seen as determining their behavior.

The existence of good and evil.-The armies of the Dark Lord Sauron and The Fellowship of The Ring

CharactersThe Red Badge of Courage Return of The King

Henry Fleming -a young soldier fighting for the Union army during the American Civil War. Initially, Henry stands untested in battle and questions his own courage. As the novel progresses, he encounters hard truths about the experience of war.

Jim Conklin - Henry’s friend; a tall soldier hurt during the regiment’s first battle. Jim soon dies from his wounds, and represents, in the early part of the novel, an important moral contrast to Henry.

Frodo Baggins - a Hobbit of the Shire who inherits the One Ring.

Samwise Gamgee - gardener for the Baggines - who accompanies Frodo on the quest to destroy the Ring.

Merry - Frodo's cousin and companion in the Fellowship.

Pippin - Frodo's cousin and companion in the Fellowship.

Wilson - A loud private; Henry’s friend in the regiment. Wilson and Henry grow close as they share the harsh experiences of war and gain a reputation as the regiment’s best fighters.

The lieutenant - Henry’s commander in battle, a youthful officer who swears freely during the fighting.

Gandalf - a Wizard who aids Frodo.

Aragorn - heir of Isildur and rightful king of Gondor.

Legolas - the Elven prince who aids Frodo and the Fellowship. Son of King Thranduil, King of the Elves of Mirkwood.

Gimli -son of Glóin, the Dwarf representative in the Fellowship.

Boromir - the favoured son of Denethor, ruling steward of Gondor.

Weapons