comparative study of national policies, recruitment channels
TRANSCRIPT
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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NATIONAL
POLICIES, RECRUITMENT CHANNELS,
AND SUPPORT SERVICES IN FOUR
COUNTRIES: CAMBODIA, INDONESIA,
PHILIPPINES AND VIET NAM
Presentation by Andy Shen, Legal and Research Consultant, ILO ASEAN TRIANGLE Project
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I. Research Approach
II. National Policies
III. Recruitment Channels
IV. Support Services
V. Question and Answer
STRUCTURE OF PRESENTATION
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• Objectives of Study
• Increasing Knowledge Base
• Scope of Study
• Regular Migration
• Taiwanese-flagged Fishing Vessels
• Areas of Study
• Taiwan, Philippines, Indonesia, Viet Nam, Cambodia
• Sample Group
• 4 Filipinos; 3 Indonesians; 7 Cambodians
• Data Collection
• Desk-based research; Interviews; Surveys
RESEARCH APPROACH
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NATIONAL POLICIES FOR
PROTECTION OF MIGRANT FISHERS
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• Philippines
• RA 8042 and POEA Rules and Regulations
• TECO-MECO MoU
• Standard Employment Contract for Migrant Fishers
• Indonesia
• Law No. 39/2004
• IETO-TETO MoU
• Standard Employment Contract for Migrant Fishers
POLICIES FOR PROTECTION IN
COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN
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• Viet Nam
• Law No. 72/2006/QH11
• Guidance No. 276/QLLDNN-CSQLLD
• Cambodia
• Protection of Migrant Workers: “The
Elimination of Exploitation and the Fostering of
Respect for Basic Human Rights and the Rights
at Work of All Migrant Workers”
POLICIES FOR PROTECTION IN
COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN
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• Policies for Protection of Migrant Land-Based Fishers
• Non-Discrimination and Equal Protection
• Labor Standards Act
• Trade Union Act
• Policies for Protection of Migrant Sea-Based Fishers
• No Clear Policy
• Distinction between Migrant Sea-Based Fishers and Migrant Land-Based Fishers
POLICIES FOR PROTECTION IN
TAIWAN
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Gaps in Protection
• Protection for Irregular Migrant Fishers
• Uniform Regulations for Both Countries of Origin and Destination
• Laws and Regulations Tailored to Protect Migrant Fishers
• Equal Protection for Migrant Sea-Based Fishers
Good Practices
• Joint and Solidary Liability
• Standard Employment Contracts
• Minimum Standards for All Migrant Fishers
• Non-Discrimination and Equal Protection
• Joint Working Group
GOOD PRACTICES AND GAPS IN
PROTECTION — NATIONAL POLICIES
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RECRUITMENT CHANNELS TO
TAIWAN’S FISHING INDUSTRY
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Migrant Land-Based Fishers
RECRUITMENT CHANNELS TO
TAIWAN’S COASTAL/OFFSHORE
FISHING SECTOR
Direct Hiring Recruitment
Agencies
Philippines √ √
Indonesia √ √
Viet Nam
Cambodia
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Migrant Sea-Based Fishers
RECRUITMENT CHANNELS TO
TAIWAN’S
DISTANT WATER FISHING SECTOR
Direct Hiring Recruitment
Agencies
Philippines √
Indonesia √
Viet Nam √
Cambodia √
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Gaps in Protection
• Copies of Important Documents
• Direct Hiring Programs
• Working Hours and Overtime Wages
• Standard Employment Contracts
Good Practices
• Standard Employment Contracts
• Foreign Workers’ Affidavits
• Regulation of Foreign Recruitment Agencies by Destination Countries
• Verification and Authentication of Contracts
GOOD PRACTICES AND GAPS IN
PROTECTION — RECRUITMENT
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SUPPORT SERVICES FOR MIGRANT
FISHERS
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Support Services PHP INDO VN CAM
Information
Dissemination
C G G, P C
Vocational Training none none G, P none
Pre-Departure
Orientation
G, C, P G, P G, P none
Medical Services G, C G G G, C
Psychosocial
Services
G, C G none G, C
Shelter C G none G, C
Skills Training/Job
Placement
G, C G G C
Legal Aid G, C G, C C C
Repatriation G, C, P P P G, C, P
SUPPORT SERVICES IN COUNTRIES
OF ORIGIN
G = Government; C = Civil Society; P = Private Sector
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Support Services Migrant LBF Migrant SBF
Information Dissemination G, C none
Medical Services G, C G
Psychosocial Services none none
Shelter G, C none
Skills Training/
Job Placement
G, C, P none
Legal Aid G, C none
Repatriation C, P none
SUPPORT SERVICES IN TAIWAN
G = Government; C = Civil Society; P = Private Sector
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Gaps in Protection
• Support Services Meeting the Specific Needs of Migrant Fishers
• Specialized Migrant Fisher Support Service Centers
• 24-Hour Hotline
• Psychosocial Services
• Pro Bono Lawyers Specializing in Migrant Fisher Cases
Good Practices
• Pre-Departure Consultation on Accessing Loans
• Vocational Training Specific to Work in Fishing
• Psychosocial Support Programs
• Shelters for Migrant Fishers
• 24-Hour Toll-Free Protection Hotline in Destination Countries
• Long-Distance Healthcare Service System
GOOD PRACTICES AND GAPS IN
PROTECTION — SUPPORT SERVICES
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Question & Answer