community structure of echinoderms in poblacion liloan
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Angelito Ortiz Fritzie Zarah EnglisAnnaliza (Ortiz) Cainglet Christine Toledo
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*Seas are important source of livelihood tothe people. It is an important source of food
such as fishes, snails, etc.*In Liloan, Cebu, most of the livelihood of the people is fishing since Liloan is alsoknown to have rich marine biodiversity.
*There is one marine sanctuary located inPoblacion, Liloan. There are also places inLiloan such as Calero which is the mainsource of marine life in Liloan.
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* There are marine organisms that enable to track certainchanges in their environment. These organisms are called
“keystone species”. A keystone species is a plant or animalspecies used to gather information on the environment orarea. Keystone species are sensitive to changes in theirenvironment. In the seas, echinoderms are considered as
keystone species.
*Echinoderms are usually complex parts of their ecosystems. Theyare keystone species-- species whose very presence contribute to a
diversity of life and whose extinction would consequently lead to
the extinction of other forms of life. Many asteroids are keystone
species(Barnes, 1987; Brusca and Brusca, 2003) . They are also
dominant species and bio indicators.
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*Echinoderms are found in Phylum Echinodermata
*Echinodermata has approximately 7000 described
living species and about 13 000 extinct species knownfrom the fossil record. They are also the largestphylum that has no freshwater or terrestrialrepresentatives(Brusca and Brusca, 2003; Waggoner,1999)
*Six Classes of echinoderms: Concentricycloidea (seadaisies), Crinoidea (sea lilies, featherstars),Ophiuroidea (basket stars, brittle stars), Asteroidea(starfish), Echinoidea (sea urchins), Holothuroidea(sea cucumbers)
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*Community structure refers to the
occurrence of groups of nodes in anetwork that are more densely
connected internally than with the
rest of the network.
*It is depending on the pattern andprocess of spatial distribution.
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*Compare the abundance, diversity
and evenness of echinoderms
between transect 1 and 2 for day1,day 2, and day 3.
*Find an explanation why Poblacion,
Liloan, Cebu (in the marine sanctuarysite) is not suitable for fishing or
getting marine resources.
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*Asteroidea (starfish)
*feed on barnacles, clams, mussels
and sea urchins.
*Echinoidea (sea urchins)
* feed on algae, bits of plants and
small animals
*Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers)*plankton and other organic
matter
*Ophiuroidea (brittle stars)
* Brittle stars are mainly deposit feeders,scavengers, and plankton feeders;
however, they sometimes trap sizable animals.
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*Sea cucumbers, sea urchins, and sea stars, brittle stars
*Sea cucumbers are echinoderms from the class Holothuroidea.They are marine animals with a leathery skin and anelongated body containing a single, branched gonad.
*Sea urchins are echinoderms from the class Echinoidea. Theyhave fivefold symmetry and move by means of hundreds of tiny, transparent, adhesive tube feet.
*Sea stars are echinoderms from the class Asteroidea. They arecomposed of a central disc that merges gradually with thetapering arms (rays). The body is somewhat flattened flexible,and covered with a ciliated, pigmented epidermis.
*Brittle stars from the class Ophiuroidea. They have flat, rounded
bodies with five slender, flexible arms that are easily broken off byany external force but are readily regenerated.
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*pH meter
*Transect line
*Quadrat
*GPS
*Refractometer
*thermometer
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*As advised by the Bureau of Fisheries and
Aquatic Resources Coastal ResourceManagement section, the researchers chose
Poblacion, Liloan, Cebu as the research site.
*Conducted on September 6,7, and 8, 2011
for these are the days with the lowest tidelevel –0.01 m(intertidal area)
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shoreline
50 meters intervalT
ra
n
s
e
c
t2
T r a n s e c t 1
GPS TRANSECT 1: N10 23’ 55.1” E 124 00’ 11.1”
TRANSECT 2: N10 23’53.2” E 124 00’ 11.7” (perpendicular to theshore)
There are two transects (until 125 m) having an interval of 50 m with
one another.
There are 24 quadrats in each transect having 1ft. By 1ft. Each. (5meter interval each)
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*The laying of the transect line startsfrom 10 a.m to 2 p.m.
*Then, actual gathering of the physico-chemical parameters (temperature, pHcontent, salinity) were gathered.
*After, the population count was thenconducted per quadrat.
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ACTUAL DATA GATHERING
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DAY 1 DAY 2 DAY 3
T.1 T.2 T.1 T.2 T.1 T.2
H -diversity 0.258 0.809 0.956 1.265 0.419 1.181
E- evenness 0.186 0.584 0.690 0.913 0.302 0.852
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NORMAL DAY 1 DAY 2 DAY 3
T1 T2 T1 T2 T1 T2
Temperature 25-35Degreescelsius
30 38 32 32 34 35
Salinity 32 to 35
ppt
34 32 29 29 30 32
pH content 7.5 to 8.5 9.7 9.4 9.2 8.4 8.6 8.7
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