community shared renewables for china
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Community Shared Renewables for China
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Joy Hughes, Solar Gardens Institute [email protected]
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016
Solar for All?Almost everyone wants to own solar, but …
Shaded Roofs Apartments
Affordability Grid Congestion
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016
Credit: Larry Moore CEphoto, Uwe Aranas
via Wikipedia
Terminology
Shared Solar -or- Solar GardenA single solar array with power credited to multiple subscribers.
Virtual Net MeteringElectricity credited directly to a utility customer’s bill.
Community SolarA broader term, including shared solar, crowdfunded solar, and rooftop bulk purchase.
Ellensburg Solar Community, Washington
Arizona Community Solar Plant
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016
Shared Solar Cash and Energy Flow
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016
New York City Solar Empowerment Zones
AdvantagesEconomy of ScaleLower cost per watt than rooftop solar
Portability and TransferabilityCustomers may move and use the same subscription. Subscription may be sold, donated, or inherited.
Grid SupportArrays may be located to best relieve grid congestion, e.g. near substations. Example: New York City solar empowerment zones
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016
OwnershipUtility OwnedUtility owns and manages shared solar array. Example: Sacramento Municipal, California
Third PartyUtility contracts with a private company to own and manage the array. Example: SunShare, Colorado Springs
CooperativeArray owned directly by community members. Example: Westmill co-op, UK
SMUD Solar Shares, California
Westmill Cooperative Solar Farm, UK
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016
Business ModelsDirect OwnershipSubsribers own their solar panels by simple purchase or secured loan
LeaseSubscribers lease the panels for a specified period of time
Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)
Subscribers purchase blocks of power at a specified rate
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016
Farming the Sun Community Solar
TREC Energy Cooperative, Ontario
United States
Over 50 MegawattsCommunity and shared solar in these 10 states, and many municipal and rural utilities.
Solar Gardens LawsNow effective in 10 U.S. States. Requires investor-owned utilities to implement shared solar.
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016
Other Countries
Developing WorldBangladesh, India, Myanmar, Haiti - use shared ownership models for rural electrification
Developed CountriesCanada, UK, Australia, Germany - use cooperative models in concert with feed-in tariff
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016
Sangar Island, India
Opportunities for ChinaWorld Leader in PV Installation
Growing Urban PopulationSignificant fraction of people in apartment blocks
Strong manufacturing base, potential for rapid implementation
High Savings RateInterest in secure and productive investments, protection from stock market volatility
China PV - Wikipedia
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016
China - PolicyIncentivesFeed in tariff and virtual net metering Assure residential customers are adequately incentivized
Securities LawProfit from shared ownership constitutes a security - how can shared solar be implemented under Chinese law?
Long-Term ManagementSolar Garden O&M contracts 20-50 years. Production guarantees, enforceable recourse.
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016
Working with Utilities in China
2 Utilities in China,1000+ in USA
On-Bill Production CreditVirtual net metering requires new software
Potential for rapid implementation - or nothing
Interconnection PolicyStreamline the process of connecting distributed solar arrays
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016
Solar Gardens Institute
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016
PolicyWork with government and utilities to create fertile soil for solar gardens’ growth
PeopleTrain “solar gardeners” - local champions Put together local and regional working groups
ProjectsDevelop pilot projects for proof of concept. In China, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong
Contact
solargardens.org (blog, email list, training)
Joy Hughes [email protected]
Joy Hughes - Community Shared Renewables For China - Beijing Energy Network 2016