community-led total sanitation (clts). early lessons from the western sumatran island

7/31/2019 Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS). Early Lessons from the western Sumatran Island

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CLTSEarly Lessons from

The Western Sumatran

Islands

MULTI-USES OF RIVER BASINS:Tools to Harmonize Conflicting Interests, Davao City

November 2009


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Did you know

Just one gram of human faeces can

contain 10,000 viruses

Open defecation means that deadly

diseases are quickly spread through a

community

Water can become contaminated and a

vector for diseases


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Who suffers?

Children are often exposes to faeces in

areas that they play

Many children miss school because of

illness

But

There are thousands of communities makingtheir villages free from defecation


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How?


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CLTSCommunity Led Total Sanitation


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Summary

IHP, Water & Health, sanitation

CLTS a low cost tool

Reflection on process and

impacts from West Sumatra

Islands Conclusions & recommendations


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Water and health

IHP VII Sanitation tackled under Section 4:

Water and life support systems

this theme includes protecting water

quality from natural and anthropogenic

sources of contamination.

Here we will view if from a human health

perspective


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Sanitation: A high impact

intervention Bang for buck

Reduces humansuffering

Improvesenvironmental quality

Estimated the annual

economic loss causedby poor sanitation isP77.8 billion.

QuickTime and adecompressor

are needed to see this picture.


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West Sumatra Islands Basin

Joined the HELP UNESCO River Basin

Network thorough the third call in 2008

The Basin is at early stage in development

Stakeholder participation is ongoing at the

village and local government levels

Strives to become a leader in the globalnetwork with a focus on water and health.


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West Sumatra Islands

maps


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SurfAid International

Vision is to improve the health, well-being and

self-reliance of people living in isolated regions.

Mission is to develop and synthesize a series of

proven, high impact and cost effectiveapproaches that create lasting improvements in

the health and wellbeing of individuals and

communities at increasing scale.

CLTS is one such approach.


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CL TS


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Community Led

not SurfAid led!We only provide tools and provoke!

Individuals who volunteer their time

from the community Natural Leaders


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Total Sanitation

Is only achieved once the burned of sanitationrelated diseases are minimised.

Diarrhoea is the single biggest disease burden

from poor sanitation

[ODF, Diarrhoea, waster water, composting]


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Community Led Total Sanitation

(CLTS) is an innovative methodology where

communities are facilitated to conduct their

own appraisal and analysis of open

defecation (OD)

Decide to take their own action to become

ODF (open defecation free).


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Behavior not hardware

Traditional approaches mainly subsidydriven

Providing toilets does not guarantee their

use, Creates a culture of dependence on

subsidies.

Open defecation and the cycle of fecaloral contamination continued to spreaddisease.


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Diarrhea prevalence vs latrine

usageIndividual Sanitation Practices

Affect the Entire Community

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

=

Prevalence of diarrhe


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History

CLTS was pioneered by Kamal Kar in

Bangladesh, in 2000.

WB, Plan International, WaterAid and UNICEF

have become important disseminators andchampions of CLTS.

Today CLTS is in more than 20 countries in Asia

, Africa, Latin America and the Middle East.

No reference of CLTS being implemented in the

Philippines.


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MDGs Seriously off track


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20 million people do not have

access to improved sanitation.

Economic Impacts of Sanitation in the Philippines, WB

An approach that works:

CLTS Lessons from Sumatra


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Sumatran Islands Context

Funded by Oydimar Network with NZAID

and AusAID.

Post earthquake reconstruction

environment

Committed delivery of 64 improved water

and sanitation facilities. (21 latrines)

HELP UNESCO partner for technical

learning


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CLTS PROCESS

As refined by team SAI


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5 major steps

1. Prepare

2. Trigger3. Action Planning

4. Tracking

5. Sustaining


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Step 1. Prepare


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Outside In (Before Day 1)

Training on 5 stepsprocess.

CLTS is build on

feelings so technicalknow how is notenough!

You have to build a

cultural in your fieldteam to feel and livethe process

Outcomes

behaviours

actions

barriers

Causes


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Step 2 Triggering

Triggering is based on stimulating

a collective sense of disgust and

shame among communitymembers as they confront the

crude fact about mass open

defecation and its negativeimpacts on the entire community.


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Team Huddle

And action


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Step 2. Ice breaker


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Step 3. Discussion

Who actually has a latrine here?


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Step 4. Mapping


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Step 4. Mapping


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Step 5. Walk of Shame


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Step 6. Discussion

Amount of defeaction the village can

produce

Observe! Who is really engaged!?

Who is contributing!?


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Step 7. Clean water drink

And then not so clean


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First person to decide & act


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Village commitments


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Latrine built

5175

162

191

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Nb of latrines

May June July August

Month

Graph 3. Total CLTS Latrines was built

Total Latrines was built


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Human impact

0 0

3

0

2

0

3

0 0 0

3

0

13

0

15

0

3

0

5

00

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

# Diarhea case

Hilihoya Hiligawono Sitoba'a Boyolala Hilina'a

Name of Dusun

Graph 6. Progress on Diarhea Case: Baseline Vs Current

Adult BaselineAdult Current

Underfive Baseline

Underfive Current


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Challenges

1. Maintaining healthimprovements

2. with wide scale communityconstruction of basic pitlatrines across the villages

the potential risk of groundwater contamination is high


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Pig pen


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Pig pen


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Pig pen 3


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Pig pen4


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Conclusion and

Recommendations


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Conclusion

1. CLTS is an effective low cost solution to reduceanthropogenic sources of contamination andthereby reducing pressure on water and humanhealth

2. True community empowerment approachessuffer in dole-out environments

If you are willing to tap the social entrepreneurialspirit in communities they can find solutions from

within and overcome dependences on dole out aid.


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Recommendations

1. CLTS for adoption by other HELP Basins

2. Develop a focus group on water, health and

risk reduction to refine lessons across HELP

3. to host technical cross visits to shareexperiences and engage technical reviews of

water & health community programs


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Questions?

community-led total sanitation (clts). early lessons from the western sumatran island

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