communication and theatre 4/516: leadership seminar structure and organizational design
Post on 22-Dec-2015
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Communication and Theatre 4/516: Leadership Seminar
Structure and Organizational Design
Morgan: from bureaucracies to networks (six models of structure)•Rigid bureaucracy (chain of command)
bureaucracy with senior management team
bureaucracy with project teams and task forces
•Matrix for an aircraft company
Design
Production
Marketing
Civilian Commercial Military
Thus each type of project must cooperate with each department at every level
The project organization (a network of interaction)
The loosely-coupled organic network (outsource, subcontract)
Nohria: characteristics of networks (which are the communication links we maintain.)
Because of complexity and information overload, the way to keep up is to belong to a sufficient number of networks to ensure access to information needed somewhere in the network system.
Characteristics of networks:
organizations are social networks (formal & informal)
an organization exists in and participates in a sea of networks.
Individual actions are a result of position in the networks.
networks inform actions, and actions shape networks (reflexivity).
Advantages of looking at organizations as networks:
Centrality in networks is a source of power.
Advantages, cont.
One can be a central member in a group
Advantages, cont. One can be a link between groups
Advantages, cont. One can belong to many groups
Steve’s memberships: spouse, father, grandfather, son, uncle, father-in-law, teacher, colleague, Provost’s council, union, elearning trainee, friends, fisherman, muscian, church, aarp, nca, costco, seattle art museum, YAM, PBS, KEMC, man, older, home owner, etc.
Advantages, cont.
Who gets to play (be involved in a project) is dependent on chooser’s networks
Advantages, cont.
In a very dense network system, alliances among companies can be formed.
Advantages, cont.
Networks are a distinct form of organizing
•efficient,
•governable,
•flexible,
•linking pin.
Fisher: self-directed work teams, or we must use our human resources.I like the empowerment formula
e (empowerment) = f (functionality)
f = authority +
resources +
information +
accountability
http://scholar.google.com/schhp?ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tab=ws
http://tinyurl.com/38td5h
Review this and come to class being able to state why empowerment = 0 if any of A,R,I,A = 0.
The Empowerment Continuum
low high
Employee Suggestions
Task Forces,
Quality Circles
Self-Directed Work Teams
Comparing SDWT with Traditional Orgs.
Customer driven, multi-skilled workforce
vs.
management-driven work force of isolated specialists
Few job descriptions
vs.
Many jobs descriptions
Mention job description
Information shared widely
vs.
Information limited
Few levels of
management
vs.
Many levels of
management
Whole business focus
vs.
Departmental focus
Welcome to the Department of Communication and
Theatre
Shared goals
vs.
Segregated goals
Purpose achievement emphasis
vs.
problem-solving emphasis
High worker commitment
vs.
High management commitment
Continuous improvements
vs.
Incremental improvements
Self controlled
vs.
management controlled
Values based
vs.
Policy/procedures based
Smith & Sims: teams at the top, or at least it takes commitment of top management to encourage teamwork throughout the organization