common disease and insect pests of the landscape · 2018-02-03 · common disease and insect pests...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Common Disease and
Insect Pests of the
Landscape
Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent
Virginia Cooperative Extension
Arlington VA
![Page 2: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Diagnostic Challenges
Many biotic and abiotic agents can
cause injury to trees
Landscapes exhibit tremendous
variability (species, soils, etc.)
Tree problems can have multiple
factors, causes, or causal agents
Chronic problems may express
subtle symptoms
![Page 3: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Steps for Diagnosing Tree
Disorders
1. Identify the
tree correctly
Heart-shaped leaf –
katsura, linden, redbud?
![Page 4: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Steps for Diagnosing Tree
Disorders
2. Identify the
symptoms
Tree missing part of its
root flare.
![Page 5: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Leaf Symptoms
Wilt
Necrosis
Chlorosis
Ragged edges
Malformed
Defoliating
Early fall color/senescence
![Page 6: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Shoot Symptoms
Wilt
Dieback
Distortion
Witches’
Broom
![Page 7: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Branch and Trunk Symptoms
Sunken, discolored bark
Woundwood
Bark shred/shed
Bleeding
Swelling
Splitting and cracking
Root
Disease
Drought
![Page 8: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Root Symptoms
Shriveled
Discolored
Distorted
![Page 9: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Steps for Diagnosing Tree
Disorders 3. Inspect the
whole tree, not
just the injured
or damaged
area or part
Frost
damage
![Page 10: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Inspection
All or part of tree (just leaves, just
the north side?)?
Uniform or scattered?
Outgrowing the symptoms?
Growth rate affected?
Signs vs. symptoms
![Page 11: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Steps for Diagnosing Tree
Disorders
4. Inspect
the
landscape
site
![Page 12: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Landscape Site Inspection
Compaction
Drainage; wet vs. dry areas
Slope
Exposure (heat, cold, wind, shade)
Infrastructure limitations
Neighboring plants
![Page 13: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Steps for Diagnosing Tree
Disorders
6. Look for
patterns
![Page 14: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Patterns
Old vs. new leaves
Margins vs. veins
One vs. multiple species (even
look at weeds)
One tree or several of same
species
![Page 16: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Steps for Diagnosing Tree
Disorders
6. Investigate
site
and tree history
![Page 18: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Site and Tree History
How tree produced?
When and how tree planted?
How tree maintained?
Previous problems?
Previous land use?
Construction activities?
People and animal usage?
![Page 19: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Two Bradford pears in the same parking island
– one is fine, one is off color. Why?
![Page 20: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Steps for Diagnosing Tree
Disorders
7. Analyze all of
the collected
information –
Identify
potential
causes The previous Bradford pear that
was prematurely coloring. Not
drought, not herbicide damage, not
nutrient deficiency; the tree was
guyed too long.
![Page 21: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Steps for Diagnosing Tree
Disorders
8. Test likely causes (eliminate
factors or agents that may mimic
symptoms)
Soil tests
Water samples
Tissue (leaf) analysis
![Page 22: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Remember….
Mimicking Symptoms Natural leaf shed
(especially evergreen trees)
Natural leaf retention (some deciduous trees in winter)
Leaf variegation
Red spring color as leaves emerge
![Page 23: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Mimicking Symptoms
Natural bark features (corky, flaking, exfoliating, cracks, fissures)
Natural growths – galls, burls, root projections (mycorrhizal fungal and bacterial colonization)
Witches’ broom (genetic mutation)
Fasciation
Lichens, algal, and moss growth
![Page 24: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Sapsuckers
White pine borers
H. sapiens
![Page 25: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Deer Sun scald
Rodents
![Page 26: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
But wait…..
![Page 27: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Take Away #1
Proper tree
selection, planting,
pruning, watering,
staking, mulching,
site management
can reduce stress
to trees and result
in healthier, more
long lived, more
disease and insect
resistant
specimens.
![Page 31: Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape · 2018-02-03 · Common Disease and Insect Pests of the Landscape Kirsten Conrad Buhls, Extension Agent Virginia Cooperative Extension](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042221/5ec76dcbc414376dc5612b6e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
How many things can you find wrong
with the tree/shrub planting on this lot?