combining renewable and traditional energy solutions
TRANSCRIPT
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND LTD
Combining renewable and
traditional energy solutions
Zambia – Finland energy workshop
Marko Nokkala
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Contents
Renewable alternatives:
Biomass
Solar
Renewables hybrids solutions
Waste-to-energy
Co-firing
Industry partnerships and VTT’s offering
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Global market trend
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Renewable alternativesPlace for a photo
(no lines around photo)
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Biomass
Agricultural and forestry residues can be converted to energy
Animal manure can be converted to energy
Sludge can be converted to energy
Globally technologies are broadly available, the critical issue is
choice of technology for feedstock and outputs
Spectrum of technologies available:
Chemical conversion (incl. Fermentation and biodigestors)
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Outputs may include steam, heat, power (electricity), biofuels
Has to be approached in sustainable way
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Solar
Abundance in Zambia
Move towards solar parks and concentrated solar power
systems
Offer opportunities for setting up utility companies in remote
areas
Can also service large clients: mines, farms, towns etc.
Storage opportunities are increasingly available: battery
technologies and molten salt for instance
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Renewables hybrid solutions
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Waste to energy
Gasification technologies are improving
Sustainable way of getting rid of waste streams
Ability to separate metals before gasification
Higher efficiency from waste feedstock (typically 20% energy
output, VTT has achieved 40%)
Commercial scale reference projects exists (Lahti, Finland
160MW MSW power plant)
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Cofiring
Heat transfersurface
Lack of protecting
compounds
Low ash content
RIS
KY COMPOUND
SALKALICHLORIDES
Cl releases corrosion
BARK/FOREST RESIDUE
CASE 1. BARK/FOREST RESIDUE
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What is co-firing
Co-firing means using mix of biomass and coal in conventional
power plants
Benefits include reduction of CO2 emissions, longer supply of
coal for the plant and utilisation of locally available supply of
biomass
Challenges include corrosion development from superheater
boilers using biomass (high temperatures compared to normal
biomass burning)
VTT has offering for all the parts of the process
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Partnerships with industry and technology
providers
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VTT’s offering
Thermochemical energy conversion
technologies
Combined Heat, Power and Cooling
Carbon capture and storage
Biomass resources, biomass quality issues and production chain
Energy systems and integration
Energy policy and support schemes
Novel energy concepts, solar hybrid technologies
Bio-economy, micro and macro algae
Waste to energy, Fuel Cells applications
Case specific GHG emission evaluations
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TECHNOLOGY FOR BUSINESS