Slide 1

Colorless Sulfur Bacteria Jos Rojas Echenique

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Colorless Sulfur? Colorless: Non-phototrophic Sulfur: Sulfur oxidizing

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Mats O2O2 H2SH2S

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Thiovulum veil Thanks Olivia!

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Thiovulum at the gradient Thanks Isabella!

Slide 6

Excellent swimmers Schulz and Jrgensen, 2001

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Thiovulum slime thread Thanks Isabella!

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Business Plan Straddling the gradients Excellent swimming: stay at the optimal spot Slime threads: the veil makes a better interface

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Beggiatoa Thanks Olivia!!

Slide 10

Beggiatoa Mubmann et al. 2007

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Business Plan Being in two places at the same time, and at two times in the same place Long filaments: sulfur and electron donor in different places Vacuole store: sulfur and electron donor at different times Gliding: two places at two times also works, they reach through the boundary layer

Slide 12

Enrichments S 2 O 3 2- NO 3 - S 2 O 3 2- O2O2

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Gradient tubes O2O2 H2SH2S

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2S o + 3O 2 + 2H 2 O2SO 4 2- + 4H + Gradient tubes

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From Aarons gradient tube

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Gradient tubes

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Anaerobic Thiosulfate Plates S 2 O 3 2- NO 3 -

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Anaerobic Thiosulfate Plates S 2 O 3 2- + 2H 2 OSO 4 2- + H 2 S Thiosulfate Fermentation ( Desulfovibrio sulfodismutans, Desulfu ocapsa thiozymogenes )

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Anaerobic Thiosulfate Plates Thanks Katrin!

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Aerobic Thiosulfate Plates S 2 O 3 2- O2O2

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Aerobic Thiosulfate Plates S 2 O 3 2- + 2O 2 + H 2 OSO 4 2- + H 2 SO 4 4S 2 O 3 2- + O 2 + 2H 2 O2SO 4 2- + 4OH - 2S 2 O 3 2- + 7O 2 + 6H 2 O2SO 4 2- + 6H 2 SO 4

Slide 22

Aerobic Thiosulfate Plates Thanks Veronica!

Slide 23

Colorless Sulfur Bacteria

Slide 24

Sulfur Cycle