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TOPIC OF PRESENTATION

OPTICAL FIBRE

Contents

Introduction Types of fibers Transmission of light Optical fiber communication Advantages Disadvantages Conclusion

Introduction to Optical Fibers

Fibers of glass. Usually 120 micrometers in diameter. Used to carry signals in the form of light over distances up to 50 km. No repeaters needed.

Optical fiber consists of : Core Cladding Buffer Coating

Type of Fibers

Optical fibers come in two types:

Single-mode fibers – used to transmit one signal per fiber.

Multi-mode fibers – used to transmit many signals per fiber.

Transmission of light

Total Internal ReflectionWhen the light goes from slow to fast, as the angle of incidence is increased, the angle of refraction increases as well, until it reaches 90.

The angle of incidence when this happens is called the “critical angle.”

Beyond the critical angle, no refraction is possible and the light is said to ‘totally internally reflect.’

Angle ofIncidence iGreater than ic

Total Internal Reflection in Fiber

Optical fiber Communication

Fiber Optics Relay Systems has Transmitter Optical Fiber Optical Regenerator Optical Receiver

is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending light through an optical fiber. the wave forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to carry information.

Optical fiber Communication

TransmitterProduces and encodes the light signals

Optical ReceiverReceives and decodes the light signals

Optical RegeneratorBoosts the light signals

Optical fiber: Connects the light signals over a distance

Advantages of Optical fiber

Less signal degradation Light signals Low power Light weight Higher bandwidth Thinner Digital signals Non-flammable

Relatively expensive cable cost and installation cost. Expensive over short distance. Requires highly skilled installers. Fragility Affected by chemicals Opaqueness Unidirectional Adding additional nodes is difficult

Disadvantages

Conclusion

This concludes our study of Fiber Optics. We have looked at what they are and how they work. We have examined the properties, advantages and disadvantages of fibers. Although this presentation does not cover all the aspects of optical fiber work it will have equipped you knowledge and skills essential to the fiber optic industry.

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