Todd Richards (Todd.Richards@state.ma.us)

Coldwater Fishery Resources

Eastern Brook Trout

• Life Cycle

• Biology

• Conservation

Brook Trout Life Cycle

Fall

Winter

Spring

Summer

Brook Trout “Habitat” CycleSpring Summer Fall Winter

20°C

2010 2011

July JulyJanuary JanuaryJanuary

Hamant Brook

Coldwater Fisheries Resources

(CFRs)

Fish Sampling

Fish Community Surveys

• Division samples fish communities as part of the statewide survey and inventory project.

• To date we have more than 5,000 fish community samples and more than half a million individual fish records

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CO

ASTA

L

SO

UTH

QUINEBAUG

PARKER

MILE

MILLERS

NASHUA

FARMINGTON

SH

AW

SH

EE

N

BUZZARDS

BAY

CAPE

HARBOR

BAY

ISLANDS

ISLANDS

and

TAUNTON

WESTFIELD

HUDSON

DEERFIELD

CONNECTICUT

FRENCH

COD

BOSTON

(Mystic)

TEN

NARRAGANSETT

Part of

FARMINGTON

Part of

FARMINGTON

Part of

CONNECTICUT Part of

MERRIMACK

HOUSATONIC

Part of

QUINEBAUG

SuAsCo

BOSTON HARBOR

CHARLES

NORTH

COASTAL

NORTH C OASTAL

Part of

MERRIMACK

IPSWICH

CHICOPEE

BLACKSTONE

MT. HOPE BAY

A CFR denotes a waterbody that contains Coldwater Fish that reproduced in that waterbody or a tributary thereto and use such waters to meet one or more of their life history requirements.

What is a CFR?

• Slimy Sculpin (Cottus cognatus)

• Longnose Sucker (Catostomus catostomus)

• Lake Chub (Couesius plumbeus)

• American Brook Lamprey (Lampetra appendix)

• Burbot (Lota lota)

• Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)

• Brown Trout (Salmo trutta)

• Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

• Landlocked Salmon (Salmo salar)

• Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush)

• Rainbow Smelt (Osmerus mordax)

Coldwater Fish =

MDFW’s definition:

Coldwater Fisheries Resource (CFR)

• Currently, there are more than 1,000 CFRs statewide

• Westfield has the most CFRs of any watershed in

Massachusetts (170 CFRs)

• Closely followed by Deerfield (161), Connecticut (132),

& Chicopee watersheds (126) (all part of the

Connecticut River Basin)

Statewide CFRs

CFR & Water Management Act

Regulations

• A Water Management Act Permit applicant

with a withdrawal point(s) impacting a

coldwater fish resource(s) shall, after

consultation with the Department and EEA

agencies, submit a plan to minimize impacts

at the coldwater fish resource by optimizing

use of the applicant’s other withdrawal points,

if any.

CFR Regulation Purpose

• The purpose of 321 CMR 5.00 is to codify in regulation

– Definitions

– Criteria

– Procedures used by the Division to designate

waterbodies as CFRs.

These regulations also provide notice of where the

Division’s current list of CFRs is available for

review by regulatory authorities and the general

public.

Definition

• Definition focuses on presence of coldwater

fish: Coldwater Fish Resource (CFR) means a

water body that contains Coldwater Fish that

were reproduced in that waterbody or a

tributary thereto and use such waters to meet

one or more of their life history requirements.

Criteria

• Review each summer sampling results

• Identify waters with coldwater fish

• Review salmonid records

• Update the list

Reconsideration of Status

• Division will accept written request as

accompanied by supporting

documentation

• Division will review the request in

context of existing information

• Division will notify person requesting

determination in writing

• Flow

Typical Coldwater Fish Habitat

• Temperature

• Available food sources

• Upstream & downstream

passage throughout the brook &

to connecting tributaries

• Variety of available habitat

• Cover for protection

•Riparian cover

(bushes, ferns,

trees, other

vegetation)

Typical Coldwater Fish Habitat

•Root structures

•Undercut banks

•Woody habitat

• Suitable substrate for

spawning

• Impervious surface

• Water withdrawals

• Dams

• Poorly-designed road crossings & undersized culverts

• Deforestation & vegetation removal

• Wastewater discharge

• Road drainage

• Stormwater

Impacts to Coldwater Habitat

Coldwater Fishery Resource List

• Internal purposes

• DEP Water Quality Standards

• Used by Conservation Commissions

– Town bylaws

• DEP Draft Water Management Act

regulations reference Coldwater

Fishery Resources

Photo by L. Fontaine

• Rivers Protection Act

•200 foot Conservation Commission jurisdiction

•Perennial Streams

•Dry Stream Bed Observation

•Drought Status

Impacts to Coldwater Habitat

Drought Warning Not Issued

• Rivers Protection Act

•200 foot Conservation Commission jurisdiction

•Perennial Streams

•Dry Stream Bed Observation

•Drought Status

•Biological Component

Impacts to Coldwater Habitat