cold work, recovery, recrystallization
DESCRIPTION
Cold work, recovery, recrystallization. Example:Single crystal. State I:Annealed metal. Fairly strong and ductile. r = 10 6 /cm 2. Low internal energy: stable. Cold worked. State II:Cold worked metal. r = 10 10-12 /cm 2. Very strong and brittle. High internal energy: not very stable. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Cold work, recovery, recrystallization](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56815e6b550346895dcce7df/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Cold work, recovery, Cold work, recovery, recrystallizationrecrystallization
![Page 2: Cold work, recovery, recrystallization](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56815e6b550346895dcce7df/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Example:Single crystalExample:Single crystal
= 106/cm2
State I:Annealed metal
Fairly strong and ductile
Low internal energy: stable
![Page 3: Cold work, recovery, recrystallization](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56815e6b550346895dcce7df/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Cold workedCold worked
= 1010-12/cm2
Very strong and brittle
State II:Cold worked metal
High internal energy: not very stable
![Page 4: Cold work, recovery, recrystallization](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56815e6b550346895dcce7df/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Heated at ~0.5 THeated at ~0.5 Tmm
= 108/cm2
Dislocation alignment:Polygonization (one recovery process)
Strong and less brittleCompared to state II
State III:Recovered metal
Internal energy is lowered
![Page 5: Cold work, recovery, recrystallization](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56815e6b550346895dcce7df/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Recall what a grain Recall what a grain boundary isboundary is
![Page 6: Cold work, recovery, recrystallization](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56815e6b550346895dcce7df/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Heated at ~0.5 THeated at ~0.5 Tmm
= 106/cm2
New strain free grains are formed by nucleation
Stronger than state I and ductile
State IV:Recrystallization begins
Internal energy is further lowered
![Page 7: Cold work, recovery, recrystallization](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56815e6b550346895dcce7df/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Heated at ~0.5 THeated at ~0.5 Tmm
= 106/cm2
RecrystallizedStronger than state I and ductile
State V:Recrystallization complete
![Page 8: Cold work, recovery, recrystallization](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56815e6b550346895dcce7df/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
In summaryIn summary
We started with a single crystal We started with a single crystal and ended with a polycrystal : and ended with a polycrystal : grain refinementgrain refinement
The driving force for this process is The driving force for this process is decrease in internal energydecrease in internal energy
![Page 9: Cold work, recovery, recrystallization](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56815e6b550346895dcce7df/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
For a polycrystals ( in real For a polycrystals ( in real life)life)
Cold worked Initial recrystallization
![Page 10: Cold work, recovery, recrystallization](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56815e6b550346895dcce7df/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Recrystallized Grain growth
![Page 11: Cold work, recovery, recrystallization](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56815e6b550346895dcce7df/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Some factsSome facts
Without a minimum amount of cold Without a minimum amount of cold work (5-15%), there is no work (5-15%), there is no recrystallizationrecrystallization
After the metal is completely After the metal is completely recrystallized, grain growth occursrecrystallized, grain growth occurs
Grain growth law at a constant Grain growth law at a constant temperaturetemperatureDi
2 - D02 = Kt
Di = final grain size D0 = initial grain sizet = time