Cognado=cognatus=relativeThe word cognate derives from Latin cognatus, from co (with) +gnatus, natus,

past participle of nasci "to be born".[1] Literally it means "related by blood, having a common ancestor, or related by an analogous nature, character, or

function"The word cognate derives from Latin cognatus, from co (with) +gnatus, natus, past participle of nasci "to be born".[1] Literally it means "related by blood,

having a common ancestor, or related by an analogous nature, character, or function"

CognadosSpanish words spelled exactly as in English banjo/ banjo cable/cable gas/gas cafeteria/cafeteria actor/actor central/central

color/color chocolate/chocolatedoctor/doctor hotel/hotelidea/idea motor/motorpiano/piano radio/radioterrible/terrible viola/viola

Cognados DirectosA. Many Spanish words that end in -ción have

a corresponding English word that ends in -tion.

Let’s practice

-ción1.invitación -2.ocupación -3.conversación-4.relación-5.construction-6.solution-7.communication-8.admiration-9.section-

-dad = ty B. The Spanish ending -dad

corresponds to the English ending -ty.

Ejemplo: sociedad = societyelectricidad = electricity

-dad1. autoridad-2. capacidad-3. curiosidad-4. eternidad-5. generosidad-6. necessity-7. possibility-8. reality-9. university-

-ía, -ia, or io = yC. Many Spanish words ending in -ía, -ia, or -

io end in y in English.Modelo: Family = Familia

History = Historia

1. agencia2.urgencia 3. geografía4. historia5. salary6. testimony7. necessary8. dictionary

-oso = -ous

D. The Spanish ending -oso corresponds to the English ending -ous.

Modelo: ambicioso=ambitious

1. famoso -2. gracioso -3. generoso -4. glorioso -5. montañoso-6. nervioso -7. delicious -8. precious -9. religious -

-mente = -lyE. The Spanish adverbial ending -mente

corresponds to the English adverbial ending -ly.

Ejemplo: finalmente = finally

1. correctamente2. absolutamente3. normalmente4. frecuentemente5. inmediatamente6. naturalmente7. perfectly8. Rapidly9. recently10. sincerely, difficulty