CMS:UpgradePlans

HarryW.K.Cheung

(ReusingslidesfromtheTIPP2011conference)

1TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung

RediscoveringtheStandardModelat7TeV

•  GreatperformanceoftheCMSDetectorsofar

2TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung

RediscoveringtheStandardModelat7TeV

•  Ofcoursenothingisperfect…

3TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung

TheCMSExperiment

•  CurrentstatusandreviewofperformancegiveninEttoreFocardi’stalkonFriday14:00

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 4 Muon Barrel

Tracker (Pixels and Strips)

EM Calorimeter Hadron Calorimeter

Muon Endcaps

Forward Calorimeter

Beam Scintillator Counters

CASTOR

ZDC

Ofcourse,thenormalexpectedproblems

•  Usual:Notallchannelsareworking,e.g.forpixeldetector

5TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung

Slowpanels:5/192

TooLowsignalamplitude(TBM):1/192(0.5%)

OneROCno‐signal:1/192(0.5%)Recoverable.

Nosignaloutput:1/192(0.5%)

NoI2CcommunicaSonwithAOH:6/192(3.1%)

Somelessexpectedproblems

•  BeamgasinteractionsinthestraightsessionoftheLHCclosetotheexperimentgeneratesshowerofparticlesthatenterthepixeldetectoralongthebeamline.(“PKAMevents”)

•  Largenumberofpixelsabovethresholdinthebarrelifthetrackhitsthesensor,generatingmanyhitsinasinglereadoutchannelcausingtimeouts.

•  Visiblesinceearly900GeVcollisionsandscaleswithbeamintensity.

•  ImplementednewFED`irmwaretodumpthelongeventsandholdofftriggers.Initiallytooksometimetounderstandtheproblem.

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 6

Somelessexpectedproblems

•  AnomalousECALSignals

•  In collision data we observe anomalous signals in barrel ECAL where the readout is by APD (avalanche photodiode), having the appearance of large energy deposits in a single crystal.

•  The origin of the signal is energy deposited by heavily ionizing particles in the APD.

•  At the cluster level the anomalous signals appear as energy in a single crystal, while in e.m. showers the energy is typically shared between neighbouring crystals. This fact is used to tag anomalous signals.

7TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung

MCwithoutsimulatingAPDhits

FocusonissuesrelevanttoupgradesforPhase1

•  Old10yearplan:luminositypro`ile(fromJuly2010)•  2/3rdofdatacollectedinPhase1willbewith>1034cm‐2s‐1

•  CMSdesignedfor1034cm‐2s‐1;Limitationsoperatingabovethis

•  UpgradetoCMStomaintainperformance

8TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung

Phase1

Phase2

Upgradewithconstraintsimposedbyrunningexperiment,maybewith“discovery

inprogress”

Luminosityand“Pileup”

•  Interactionspercrossing•  LHCdesignluminosityis1034cm‐2s‐1

•  Totalinelasticcross‐sectionat14TeVis~80mb•  1barn=10‐24cm2

•  Totalppinteractionrateis=80×10‐27×1034=800M/s

•  Theppcrossingrateis40MHz,<#interactions>/crossing~20

•  Only2888outof3564“25nsbuckets”are`illed

•  Actual<#interactions>/crossing~25(atpeak)

•  Higherenergyisbetter…

9TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung

25ns

LHC~27km

circumference

PartonluminosiSes

•  FromChrisQuigg:http://lutece.fnal.gov/PartonLum/

10TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung

10-2 10-1 100 10110-610-510-410-310-210-1100101102103104105106

Parto

n Lu

min

osity

[nb]

0.9 TeV2 TeV4 TeV6 TeV7 TeV10 TeV14 TeV

CTEQ6L1: gg

[TeV]10-2 10-1 100 101

[TeV]

10-610-510-410-310-210-1100101102103104105106

Parto

n Lu

min

osity

[nb]

0.9 TeV2 TeV4 TeV6 TeV7 TeV10 TeV14 TeV

CTEQ6L1: qq

PartonluminosiSes

•  FeynmandiagramsforHiggsproduction

11TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung

UpgradetoMuonSystems

•  Upgradedrivenbyeffectofpeakinstantaneousluminosityonmuontriggerandbymaintenance

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 12

DT(barrel)

CSC(endcap)

RPC(barrelandendcap)

NewME4/2CSC

NewRE4RPC

WorkonME1/1andtrigger

ExtendetarangeofRPC

WorkonDTtriggerboards:ReplacefailingASICsinthetaboardswithFPGAs

(improvesresolution);recoverASICsforspares;movepartsoftriggertolowradiation/

magnetic`ieldregion

L1MuonRateLimitaSonsatHighLuminosity

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 13

•  Need3hitstoreduceL1rates(betterpTresolution),need4chamberstokeephighef`iciency

•  Remove3‐to‐1gangingofME1/1tolowerL1rates

•  ReplaceCSCtriggerboard(FPGA)toincreaseef`iciencyoverallCSCetarange

!

UpgradetoMuonCSCandRPCEndcaps

•  Additional4thchamberforRPCincreasesRPCtriggeref`iciency

•  ProjectedimprovementinmuonL1triggerfor2×1034cm‐2s‐1

•  RPCTriggeroptimizedforhighef`iciency

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 14

R&DforGEMextensionofRPCetarangeseetalks:PaulKarchinandTaniaMoulikonMonday

UpgradetoHadronCalorimeters

•  Upgradedrivenbyeffectofpeakinstantaneousluminosity,robustness,ef`iciency,trigger

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 15

HB+HB‐HE+HE‐

HF+HF‐

HO0 HO+1 HO+2HO‐1HO‐2

EB+EB‐EE+EE‐ Tracker

Super conducting coil

ReplaceHPDinHB/HE/HOwithSiPM

DepthsegmentationinHB/HE

Addtiming(TDC)toHB/HE

ReplacePMTwithMAPMTinHF

ReplacePMTwithmoreradiationtolerantPMTsin

CASTOR

Anomalous/NoiseSignalsinHB/HE/HO

•  ElectronicsnoisefromtheHybridPhotoDiode(HPD)andReadoutBox(RBX)usedforHB,HE,andHO,(worseinHOdueto0.2‐0.3Tregion,needtorunatlowerHV)

•  TheHPDhas18channels/device;Thereare4HPDsinaRBX

•  HPDandRBXnoiseisrandomandtheoverlapwithphysicsisverylow,andHPD/RBXnoiseproducedistinctpatternsinHCAL

•  Filtershavebeendevelopedmakinguseofhitpatterns,timing,pulseshape,andEMfraction

•  ReplaceHPDwithSiliconPhotoMultiplier(SiPM)

•  EssentialforHO;EnablesHB/HEupgradeforrobustandef`icientoperation

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 16

!

HPD

SiPM

UpgradestoHBandHE

•  SeeJakeAnderson’sSiPMHOupgradetalkonFriday

•  SiPMprovidesmuchbetterS/Ntodealwithincreasedoccupancy(poorertimingdeterminationandisolation)

•  CansplitsignaltoTDC(reducebackground/noisecontributions)•  Cangivelongitudinalsegmentation(x4)forreadout

•  Electronisolation(e/pi)andtriggering;muonisolationandid

•  Compensateforradiationdamageinfront/innerpartofHE

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 17

!

UsingtimingtocleanMETinCDF

UpgradestoHBandHE

•  R&Dstillneeded

•  SiPMspeci`ications(esp.rateforHE/HB)

•  OptimizationofFE/electronics(readout,trigger,infrastructure)

•  Simulationstudies

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 18

!

Isolationef`iciencyforbackgroundjetsampleatlowlumi(2segments)

(x4)Segmentationoptionstostudy

Fiber Bundles

PMT Window

2004 Test beam

AnomalousSignalsinHF(ForwardCalorimeter)

•  HFExtendsetacoveragefrom3to5;Fortaggingjets,missingET,anddeterminingluminosity(e.g.VBFHiggs,70%ofsignalhaveajet>30GeVinHF)

•  Quartz`ibersiniron.Long`ibers:extendsforthefulllengthofHF.Short`ibers:startatadepthof22cmfromthefrontofHF(separatereadout)

•  LowamountofCherenkovlightfromquartzreadout`ibers.CherenkovlightproducedbyinteractionsinthewindowoftheHFPMTs

•  Glasswindowthicknessinthecenteris~1mmincreasingto~6.1mmontheedge

19TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung

150GeVmuonlookslikea120GeVjet;seenintestbeamIncollisionrunning,canget“1TeVjet”PMTevents.Dominantsourcesaremuonsfromdecaysin`lightandhadronshowerpunchthrough

PMT Hits

ES (GeV) E

L (G

eV)

AnomalousSignalsinHF(ForwardCalorimeter)

•  MostoftheHFPMThitscanbeidenti`iedbasedontheenergysharingbetweentheLongandShort`ibers.Filtershavebeendevelopedtoeffectivelyremoveanomaloussignalswithlittleimpactonrealenergydeposits.

•  CantagPMTeventsof`linebutonlywith80%ef`iciency,notsuf`icientforveryrareprocesses

•  Replacewiththinnerwindow(<1mm)MAPMT(4anodes);patternoflightusedtoejectPMTeventswith96%ef`iciencyintestbeam

20TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung

!OtheranomalousHFpulsesfromscintillationinmirrorsleeve;sleevesreplacedJan.2011.Newconnectionwithnon‐scintillatingmaterialforupgrade.

UpgradedPixelDetectorReplacement

•  Upgradedrivenbyinstantaneousluminosity,robustness,ef`iciency

•  Pixelreadoutchip(ROC)justadequatefor1034cm‐2s‐1with4%(16%)dynamicdatalossat25ns(50ns)crossingtime(duetoreadoutlatencyandbuffer)•  At2×1034cm‐2s‐1datalossis15%(50%)forcrossingtimeof25ns(50ns)

•  Threehitcoveragenothermetic,leadingto10‐15%inef`iciencywhenrequiring3‐of‐3hitsinhighluminosityenvironment.ThislimitsHLTtrackingtriggeref`icienciesandslowstrackingalgorithm

•  InnerregionsneedreplacementbeforetheendofPhase1when~350`b‐1datawillhavebeencollected

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 21

3BPIXlayers

2FPIXdisks/side

UpgradedPixelDetectorReplacement

•  ReplacewithnewpixeldetectorwithadditionallayerusingredesignedROC,andhigherBWreadoutandDC‐DCconverterstoreusecurrentcablesand`ibers

•  ReducematerialbyusingCO2coolinginsteadofC6F14,lighterconstruction,andrelocatingservicesoutoftrackingvolume

•  Smallerdiameterbeampipe;`irstlayerclosertoIP

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 22

4thbarrellayerclosertostripdetectortohelpmitigateanylossesforinnerstriplayer

b Jet Efficiency0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

c/lig

ht J

et E

ffici

ency

-410

-310

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1-1s-22E34 cm

(b)

light jet: Current pixel detector geometry light jet: Phase 1 upgrade geometryc-jet: Current pixel detector geometryc-jet: Phase 1 upgrade geometry

!-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

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0.2

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0.4

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(c) (d)

-1s-22E34 cm

Current Geometry

Phase 1 Geometry

Current Geometry

Phase 1 Geometry

Current Geometry

Phase 1 Geometry

Current Geometry

Phase 1 Geometry

SimulaSonsofUpgradedPixelDetector

•  SimulationswithGeant4for2×1034cms‐2s‐1@25nsincludingdatalossesinROC

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 23

Trackingef`iciencyandtrackfakerates

b‐taggingperformance

>25%

20%gainintaggingb‐jetsatsame1%lightquarkmistag

SeeposterbyPratimaJindal,Friday/MondayinroomChicago6&7formoredetails

ReduceMaterialinUpgradedPixelDetector

•  Affectstrackresolutionsandphotonconversions

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 24

φTrack -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

m)

µTr

ansv

.Impa

ct P

aram

eter

Res

olut

ion

(

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160 Data

Data

| < 0.4η 0.1) GeV/c, |± in (1.0 T

Simulation p

| < 0.4η 0.2) GeV/c, |± in (3.0 T

Simulation p

Data

Data

= 7 TeVsCMS preliminary 2010

Radiationlength

Nuclearinteractionlength

CurrentdetectorUpgradedetector

Canseeeffectof18coolingpipesinresolutionoflowmomentumtracks

R&Dinvolvedforallcomponents:ROCitselfanddigitalreadout;CO2coolingcomponentsandsystem;ASICforrad‐hardDC‐DCconverter;rad‐hardsensors;simulationoflayout

Phase1TriggerUpgrade

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 25

!"#$%"&'()*)+,)-$.)

!"#$%"&'()*)/,)-$.)

•  Upgradedrivenbyinstantaneousluminosity,othersubdetectors,robustness

•  KeepL1at100KHz,soextradatatobehandledbyDAQ

•  Regionalcalorimetertriggertousefullgranularityforinternalprocessing,andmoresophisticatedclusteringandisolationalgorithmstohandlehigherratesandcomplexevents(e.g.improvedpositionresolutionandtriggerperformance)

•  NewinfrastructurebasedonμTCAforincreasedBW,maintenance,and`lexibility

•  Upgradetomuontriggertohandleadditionchannels,plusfasterFPGA

at1034at1034

OtherSubsystemUpgrades

•  UpgradetoDAQtoaddresslargerdatasizesandreadoutchannels,additionalHLTprocessingresources,reliability

•  SeetalkfromFransMeijersonSaturday

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 26

•  Additionalupgrades

•  Beaminstrumentationandluminositymonitoring,includesR&Donsuitabledetectors,andupdatestocavernsimulation

•  LotsofworkonCMScommonsystems,infrastructureandfacilities

•  E.g.experimentalbeampipe,safetysystems,utilities,shielding

•  WehaveproducedaPhase1TechnicalProposaldocumentwithsomedetails

SomeWordsontheSchedule

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 27

•  “Old” 10 year technical Plan from July 2010

•  Real schedule likely to change a number of times

SchedulewillbeDrivenbyPhysics

•  New draft 10 year plan (Steve Myers, 3/8/2011 SLHC-PP)

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 28

LHC Ion

Ion

Injectors

LHC

Injectors

J J A S O N DX‐Masmaintenance

S O N D J F M A MD J AM A M J J A S O ND J F J F M A M JM A M J J A S O NJ J A S O N D J FJ F

SPSupgrade

2016 2017 2018M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M

2019 2020 2021

X‐Masmaintenance

X‐Masmaintenance

N DM J J A S ON D J F M AM J J A S ON D J F M AM J J A S ON D J F M AM J J A S ON D J F M AA M J J A S ON D J F M AM J J A S O

20162010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015M J J A S ON D J F M

LS1Ion Ion Ion

?SPS‐ LINAC4connection&?PSB energyupgrade

IonLS2 Ion

Machine:Collimation&prepareforcrabcavities &RFcryosystem

ATLAS:nwpixeldetect.‐ detect.forultimateluminosity.

ALICE ‐ Innervertex system

CMS ‐ NewPixel.NewHCALPhotodetectors. CompletionofFWDmuonsupgrade

LHCb ‐ fulltriggerupgrade,newvertexdetectoretc.

Machine:SpliceConsolidation&CollimationinIR3

ATLAS ‐ Consolidation andnewforwardbeampipes

ALICE ‐ detectorcompletion

CMS ‐ FWDmuonsupgrade+Consolidation &infrastrastructure

LHCb ‐ consolidations

SPS‐ LINAC4connection&PSB energyupgrade

Ion

Ion

Ion

LS3Ion

Machine‐ maintenance&

ATLAS‐ Newinnerdetector

ALICE‐ Secondvertexdetectorupgrade

CMS‐ NewTracker

X‐masm

aintenance

?Cryo‐collimationpoint

LS1(LongShutdown1)

LS2(LongShutdown2)

LS3(LongShutdown3)

New beampipe, PLT DT electronics relocation, Fwd mu (CSC4,RE4, ME1/1), HO SiPM, HF PMT, CASTOR

“driven by expts” (2019?) HB/HE SiPM and segmentation, Pixel replacement, Trigger, DAQ Alsoexpectto

usetechnicalstops(wintershutdowns)

Phase2UpgradeR&D

TRAC2011‐H.W.K.Cheung 29

threshold [GeV/c]T

p

10 20 30 40 50 60

Ra

te [

Hz]

1

10

102

103

104

105 generator

L1

L2

L2 + isolation (calo)L3

L3 + isolation (calo + tracker)

SinglemuonL1triggerat5×1035cm‐2s‐1needstrackinginformation;motivatesL1trackingtrigger

For1034cm‐2s‐1

•  BuildsonPhase1upgradework

•  Replacetrackingsystemtohandle5×1034cm‐2s‐1and3000`b‐1;includesproducingL1tracktrigger

•  R&Donsensors,ASICs,datalinks,powerdistribution,CO2cooling,triggerfunctionality

TalksfromSelcukCihangir,LennySpiegel,GiuseppeBroccolo;andpostersbyStefanoMersi,PramodLamichhane•  WorkonEB;andforward

EE,HE,HF

•  Newmuonelectronics,MPGDsforRPC

•  Triggerelectronicsupgrade,increaseL1latencyX2,integrateL1trackingtrigger