cloud computingtwittie/classes/781/cloudcomputing... · ... amazon web services (aws) elastic cloud...

13/02/54

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CLOUD COMPUTING

Natawut Nupairoj, Ph.D.

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Outline

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� Overview

� Cloud Approaches

� Cloud Enabling Technology

� Cloud Archietcture

� Real-World Case Study

Overview3

What is Cloud Computing?

� Various definitions

� Wikipedia

� Web-based processing, whereby shared resources, software, and information are provided to computers and other devices (such as smartphones) on demand over the Internet

� Gartner

� a style of computing in which massively scalable IT-related capabilities are provided 'as a service' using Internet technologies to multiple external customers

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Common Understanding aboutCloud Computing

� Web-enabled services (software/platform/infrastructure)

� Remote datacenter

� Shared resources via virtualization

� Outsource maintenance tasks to the hosting organizations

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(Good Luck) Defining Cloud Computing

� Software-as-a-Service

� “My customer resource management (CRM) system is out on the Internet!”

� Grids vs. Clouds

� Shared Virtual Resources

� Batch Jobs vs. Online Applications

� Different Approaches to State Management

� Network Diagrams

� A service is “on a cloud somewhere”

� Virtualization Platforms & APIs

� Hardware can be manipulated with software

Source: F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh”

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Grid Cloud

Underlying concept Utility Computing Utility Computing

Main benefit Solve computationally complex problems

Provide a scalable standard environment for network-centric

application development, testing and deployment

Resource distribution / allocation

Negotiate and manage resource sharing; schedulers

Simple user <-> provider model; pay-per-use

Domains Multiple domains Single domain

Character / history Non-commercial, publicly funded

Commercial

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Grid vs. Cloud


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Evolution of Cloud Architecture

� Stand-Alone

� Client-Server

� Web-Based Application

� ASP

� Cloud Computing

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A Brief History


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Amazon EC2

(August 2006)

Google App Engine

(April 2008)

Microsoft Azure

(Oct 2008)

Facebook Platform

(May 2007)

Amazon S3

(March 2006)

Salesforce

AppExchange

(March 2006)


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Example: Amazon Web Services (AWS)

� Elastic Cloud Computing

� virtual servers for rent

� priced on per hour from $0.10 to $1

� Example Profile

� 1.7 Ghz x86 processor

� 1.7 GB of RAM

� 160 GB disk

� 250 Mb/second network

� Data Storage in Amazon Data Center

� Web Service interface

� Storage: $0.15 per GB/Month

� Data Transfer: $0.20/GB to transfer data

� Private and public storage

Amazon EC2 Amazon S3

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Example: Google Apps

� Web based office applications and collaboration

� Provide API for further customization and information accessing

� Application API

� Authentication API

� Etc.

� Google Gears for offline operations

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Example: Salesforce.com

� Provide web-based CRM applications

� Customers just sign-up and do not have to maintain any infrastructure

� Currently have more than 80,000 customers (over 2,100,000 subscribers)

� Pricing from $5/user/month to $250/user/month

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Human

Capital Management

Customer Service

Sales & Marketing

DevelopmentFinanceIT

Infrastructure

Compliance

and Risk

Workday HCMD

Salary.com Salary Manager

Performance Management

Time-off Manager

Volunteer

tracking

ADP Payroll

iemployee Time Tracking

Coupa Procure to Pay

Concur T&E

Manager

Manhattan Space & Lease Management

Contract Management

SFA

Marketing

Click to dial (CTI

Integrations)

Event Management

Opportunity to Quote

Quote to cash

Sales Compensation

Checkout E-

commerce

Live Chat (Google)

Salesforce Customer Service

Salesforce

Content

Salesforce Ideas

Plateau

Learning Management

Professional Services Management

IT Infrastructure Support

Portfolio

Management

Compliance

IT Help Desk

LiveOps

Asset Management

Intranet

Google Apps

Development Domain

Program and Resource

Management

Agile Scrum and Bug Management

QA Test Director

Compliance/Risk Domain

Audit Controls Management

Salesforce.com CRM Functions Benefits of Cloud Computing

� No Capital Expenditure (CapEx)

� Pay as you go

� Pay only for what you need

� Elastic Capacity

� Faster time to market

� Focus on your business

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Source: S. Brunozzi, “2010 architecting for the cloud”,

http://www.slideshare.net/simone.brunozzi/2010-architecting-for-the-cloud-4719195, 2010

Benefits of Cloud Computing19






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Suppose you are Forbes.com

� You offer on-line real time stock market data

� Why pay for capacity weekends, overnight?

20090909_VirtualizationAnd

Cloud

9 AM - 5 PM,

M-F

ALL OTHER

TIMES

Rate of

Server Accesses

Source: N. Wilde and T. Huber, “Virtualization and Cloud Computing”, 2009.

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Forbes' Solution

� Host the web site in Amazon's EC2 Elastic Compute Cloud

� Provision new servers every day, and deprovision them every night

� Pay just $0.10* per server per hour

� * more for higher capacity servers

� Let Amazon worry about the hardware!

Source: N. Wilde and T. Huber, “Virtualization and Cloud Computing”, 2009.

Cloud Approaches24

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Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS)

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Software as a Service(SaaS)


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26Source: katescomment.com

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

� Provide computer infrastructure as a service

� Virtual Servers / Storages

� Network equipments: Load balancers, Firewalls, etc.

� “Utility computing”, pay per use

� Simple to scale and manage

� Example:

� Amazon EC2, S3

� Rackspace Mosso

� GoGrid

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Source: http://microreviews.org/types-of-cloud-computing/

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

� Provide infrastructure, system software stacks, and development tools

� Web servers, database servers, etc.

� Many vendors provide services with API

� Google Calendar, etc.

� Examples

� Google AppEngine

� Yahoo! Maps

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Source: http://www.zoho.com/creator/paas.html

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Software as a Service (SaaS)

� Complete web-based software

� “Pay-as-you-go” model

� Allow customization via parameter configuring

� Examples

� Salesforce.com

� Google Docs

� Gmail, hotmail

29 30

Adapted from

• P. Strassmann, “ Introduction to Virtualization”,

George Mason University, 2008

• M. Behrens, “Virtualization Assessment”

Cloud Enabling Technology31

Server Consolidation

� Old applications rely on many servers

� High operation cost: maintenance, electricity, etc.

� Heterogeneous environments

� Difficult to migrate

� New servers are very powerful and under-utilized

� Some resources remain idle

� Reduce costs by consolidating servers

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Virtualization Concept33

Capacity Utilization:Stand-Alone vs. Virtualization Servers

Dedicated Server Virtualized Servers

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Virtualization Architeture35

Benefits of Virtualization

� Flexible Resource management

� Server consolidation

� Dynamic resource sharing

� Reduce power consumption

� Simplify maintenance

� Zero downtime maintenance

� Live migration

� Patch management

� Efficient recovery

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Resource Consolidation

� Reduce number of physical servers

� Decrease power consumptions

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� Resource pooling

� Flexible resource allocation

Example: Amazon EC2 Revisited38

Source: K. Gan and L. McMurray, “Beginner’s Guide to Cloud Computing and the Good & Bad for Developers”

Amazon EC2 Management Console39

Source: iphp, “Get your own cloud server running in 15 minutes”, http://www.webdigi.co.uk/blog/2009/get_your_own_cloud_server_running_in_15_minutes/

Amazon EC2 Launch Wizard40

Source: iphp, “Get your own cloud server running in 15 minutes”, http://www.webdigi.co.uk/blog/2009/get_your_own_cloud_server_running_in_15_minutes/

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Cloud Architecture41

Public

Cloud

Cloud Ecosystem

Enterprise

Private Cloud Private Cloud

External

Internal

Virtual Private Cloud

42Source: F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh”

Source: F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh” 43

Sample Cloud Services44

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From On-Premise to Cloud Platforms45

Application runs on-premises

Buy my own hardware, and

manage my own

data center

Application runs at a hoster

Co-locationor

Managed servers

Application runs using

cloud services

“cloud fabric”(elastic,

infini-scale)


From On-Premise to Cloud Platforms46

“Packaged”

Application

An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run

myself

Self Hosted

“Home Built”

An application that I develop and run myselfB

uild

Buy

Hosted

“Home Built”

An application that I develop myself, but run

at a hoster

Hosted

“Packaged”

An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then

run at a hoster

Cloud Platform

An application that I develop myself, but

run in the cloud

“Software as a

Service”

A hosted pplicationthat I buy from a

vendor

On premises vs. CloudOn premises Cloud

Bild

vs. B

uy


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“Packaged”

Application


myself

Self Hosted

“Home Built”

An application that I develop and run myself

Bild

vs. B

uy

Build

Buy

Hosted

“Home Built”


at a hoster

Hosted

“Packaged”


run at a hoster

Cloud Platform


run in the cloud

“Software as a

Service”


vendor


Maximum

Economy of Scale

All acceptable options (trade off)

Maximum Control


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“Packaged”

Application


myself

Self Hosted

“Home Built”


uild

Buy

Hosted

“Home Built”


at a hoster

Hosted

“Packaged”


run at a hoster

Cloud Platform


run in the cloud

“Software as a

Service”


vendor


Bild

vs. B

uy

Clinical Trial

Molecule Research

HR System

Email

Issue Tracking

ERP

“Too costly to run this myself, but I’ve made too many customizations”


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“Packaged”

Application


myself

Self Hosted

“Home Built”


uild

Buy

Hosted

“Home Built”


at a hoster

Hosted

“Packaged”


run at a hoster

Cloud Platform


run in the cloud

“Software as a

Service”


vendor


Bild

vs. B

uy

Clinical Trial

Molecule Research

HR System

Email

Issue Tracking

ERP

“CRM and Email are commodity services – They have no customizations, and it’s cheaper for someone else to run these”


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“Packaged”

Application


myself

Self Hosted

“Home Built”


uild

Buy

Hosted

“Home Built”


at a hoster

Hosted

“Packaged”


run at a hoster

Cloud Platform


run in the cloud

“Software as a

Service”


vendor


Bild

vs. B

uy

Clinical Trial

Molecule Research

HR System

ERP

Email

Issue Tracking

“I can’t afford to maintain this old HR application written in VB – it’s driving me mad!”

“…but due to privacy issues, I prefer keeping my HR data on-premises”


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“Packaged”

Application


myself

Self Hosted

“Home Built”


uild

Buy

Hosted

“Home Built”


at a hoster

Hosted

“Packaged”


run at a hoster

Cloud Platform


run in the cloud

“Software as a

Service”


vendor


Bild

vs. B

uy

Clinical Trial

Molecule Research

HR System

ERP

Email

Issue Tracking

“I wish I had access to cheaper compute and storage when I need it”


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“Packaged”

Application


myself

Self Hosted

“Home Built”


uild

Buy

Hosted

“Home Built”


at a hoster

Hosted

“Packaged”


run at a hoster

Cloud Platform


run in the cloud

“Software as a

Service”


vendor


Bild

vs. B

uy

Clinical Trial

HR System

ERP

Email

Issue Tracking

Molecule Research


53

“Packaged”

Application


myself

Self Hosted

“Home Built”


uild

Buy

Hosted

“Home Built”


at a hoster

Hosted

“Packaged”


run at a hoster

Cloud Platform


run in the cloud

“Software as a

Service”


vendor


Bild

vs. B

uy

Clinical Trial

HR System

ERP

Email

Issue Tracking

Molecule Research“THIS is where I want to spend my IT resources – I’m going to double down on this application!”


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“Packaged”

Application


myself

Self Hosted

“Home Built”


uild

Buy

Hosted

“Home Built”


at a hoster

Hosted

“Packaged”


run at a hoster

Cloud Platform


run in the cloud

“Software as a

Service”


vendor


Bild

vs. B

uy

Clinical Trial

HR System

ERP

Email

Issue Tracking

Molecule Research


55

Real-World Case Study: Animoto56

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Case Study: Animoto

� Automatic VDO creation from still pictures

� SaaS on IaaS

� 10x users’ growth in 3 days (from 25k to 250k)

� Total number of servers owned by Animoto = 0

� The most expensive piece of equipment in the office is the espresso machine

� Utilize Amazon EC2

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Source: R. Smith, “The Cloud/Electric Generator Analogy”, InformationWeek Analytic, Jan 2009

References

� F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh”

� K. Gan and L. McMurray, “Beginner’s Guide to Cloud Computing and the Good & Bad for Developers”

� iphp, “Get your own cloud server running in 15 minutes”, http://www.webdigi.co.uk/blog/2009/get_your_own_cloud_server_running_in_15_minutes/, June 2009

� S. Brunozzi, “2010 architecting for the cloud”,


� G. Barton, “Animoto – The Poster Child for AWS & EC2”, http://bartongeorge.net/2009/03/25/animoto-the-poster-child-for-aws-ec2/

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