Climates of the Earth

The elements of climate:

Temperature

Precipitation

Pressure and winds

Climatic factors:

Latitude

Altitude and

Distance from the sea

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Result different types of climates on the Earth

Climates of the Earth

Climatic Zones

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Three climatic zones:

Warm

Temperate

Cold

Each climate produces a landscape: natural environment+ human action

Climates of the Earth: Warm zone

Between the Tropics (Cancer and Capricorn)

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Three types of climates:

Equatorial

Tropical

Desert

There is not practically winter

(coldest month 18º C).

Earth Landscapes: Equatorial Landscape Areas close to Ecuador

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High temperatures.

Abundant precipitation.

Large rivers and regular.

Exuberant vegetation.

Forests or jungles.

Multitude of species. Many of them in danger of extinction.

Their people lived from hunting / gathering and agriculture.

Earth Landscapes: Tropical Landscape North and South of the equatorial zone

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High Temperatures.

Two seasons: Humid and Dry.

The river flows varies with the season.

Different vegetation types.

Tropial forest, Savannah and Steppe.

Variety of birds. Herbivorous animals and predators.

People live in ranching and agriculture: rotation farming and planting.

Earth Landscapes : Desert Landscape Near the tropics

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The very high and fluctuating temperatures

Low and irregular precipitation

Rivers without courses (watercourses).

The scant vegetation is prickly, of slow growth

Rodents, insects and snakes. Are usually nocturnal.

Nomads peoples.

Pasturage.

Hard living conditions.

Near oasis or in the desert.

Climates of the Earth: Temperate zone

Between the Tropics and Polar regions

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Four types of climates:

Oceanic

Desert-cold

Mediterranean

Continental

In common, the existence of 4 seasons:

- Winter (cold)

- Summer (warm)

- Spring

- Autumn

Earth Landscapes : Oceanic Landscape Between parallels 40º and 60º

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Located in the coastal strips.

Abundant and regular rainfall.

Rivers with abundant and regular flow.

Deciduous forest: oak, beech…

Characteristic formation: the meadow.

Mammals: bears, foxes, wild boars. Rodents: mice and moles. Birds.

Western Europe: Industry. Cattle. Corn and Potato.

American coasts, Chile and Argentina: Agundant forests.

Australia and New Zealand cattle and sheep.

Earth Landscapes: Mediterranean Landscape

The Mediterranean coasts, and others

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Hot and dry summers.

Scarce and irregular rainfall

Scarce and irregular flowing rivers.

Evergreen forests: pines, oaks. Dense thickets.

Voles, hares, snakes, reptiles and insects.

Unirrigate land: cereals, vines and olive trees.

Irrigation: intensive agriculture.

Rice, cotton and citrus.

Greenhouses.

Earth Landscapes: Continental landscape

Far away from the seas and oceans

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Extreme temperatures.

Scare rainfall (summer).

Great and large rivers.

Coniferos forests (taiga)

Steppes and meadows.

Deer, elk, squirrels, etc…

Wood industry.

Livestock

Cultivation of cereal.

Mining.

Earth Landscapes: Desert-cold Continental high plateaus

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Average annual temperature <18° C.

Scare rainfall.

Almost no vegetation.

Rodents, insects and snakes.

Hard living conditions.

Oil exploitation.

Mining.

Climates of the Earth: Cold zones

High Mountains and Polar Regions

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Two types:

Polar Climate

High Mountain Climate

- Long and hard winters.

- Scarce rainfall

- Abundant snow

Earth Landscapes: Polar Landscape On the ends of the Earth

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Temperatures below 0º C.

Precipitation as snow.

Icebergs.

Tundra: mosses and lichens.

Seals, penguins, bears and reindeer.

Eskimos.

Reindeer grazing.

Oil exploitation.

Mining.

Earth Landscapes: High mountain Altitude higher than 2,500 m.

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Low temperatures.

Abundant precipitations.

Headwaters of the rivers and glaciers.

Variety of vegetation, according to the altitude.

Goats and birds of pray.

Livestock.

Exploitation of forests.

Tourist activities: winter sports.

Climates of the Earth To learn more

Climate of the Earth (video)

Climatic Zones (video)

Taiga Ecosystem (video)

Forest Ecosystem (video)

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Climates of the Earth

Vocational and professional guidance

(for an integrated curriculum)

• Professin: Geographer (wikipedia)

• Industry: Sierra Nevada (web)

• Instrument: Climograms (web)

• Ecology: Greenpeace (web)

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