Climate Research in Hawaii:

International Pacific Research Center

IPRC MissionIPRC MissionTo provide an international, state-of-the-art research environment to improve understanding of the nature and predictability of climate variability in the Asia-Pacific sector, including regional aspects of global environmental change

1995–1997: Plans for the IPRC were developed by scientists from Japan, the University of Hawaii, and an external group of climate scientists and administrators.

March, 1997: Japanese Prime Minister Hashimoto and US Vice-President Gore add the theme of global change research and prediction to the “Common Agenda for Cooperation in Global Perspective.” Japan and the US formally agree to establish the IPRC.

October, 1997: Japan initiates the Frontier Research System for Global Change (FRSGC).

October, 1997: IPRC is founded within the School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, as one of the 8 divisions of FRSGC.

IPRC BackgroundIPRC Background

Existing infrastructure

• Institutional support from JAMSTEC, NASA, and NOAA provides the funding necessary for long-term stability and planning.

• The University of Hawaii established 10 tenure-track faculty positions, jointly funded by the state of Hawaii and JAMSTEC. These positions are the scientific core of the IPRC.

• The APDRC is now able to deliver the model-based and satellite-based products to the broad user communities via web-based access.

Links with Asia

• The IPRC has strong links with JAMSTEC scientists and with the Japanese scientific community in general.

• The IPRC has established research collaborations with the Earth Simulator Center. We are part of a consortium to analyze output from AGCM and OGCM runs with unprecedented spatial resolution, and are involved in discussions with our Japanese colleagues on future numerical experimentation.

• IPRC researchers also have working relationships with scientists in China and Korea

IPRC Science ThemesIPRC Science Themes

Theme 1: Indo-Pacific ocean climate

Theme 2: Regional-ocean influences

Theme 3: Asian-Australian monsoon system

Theme 4: Impacts of global environmental change

Theme 5: Asia-Pacific Data-Research Center

Theme 1: Theme 1: Indo-Pacific ocean climate

Understand climate variations in the Pacific and Indian Oceans on interannual-to-decadal time scales

Pacific and ENSO decadal variabilityInteractions of IOD with ENSO and PDV (with Theme 3)Ocean-to-atmosphere feedbackInfluences of salinity on the climate systemOcean processes (with Theme 2)

Determine the influences on Asia-Pacific climate of western-boundary currents, the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension system, marginal seas, and the Indonesian Throughflow

Theme 2: Theme 2: Regional-ocean influences

Kuroshio-Oyashio studiesBifurcation latitudes of the NEC and SECIndonesian ThroughflowOcean mixing (with Theme 1)

Understand the processes responsible for climatic variability and predictability of the Asia-Australian Mon-soon system and its hydrological cycle at intraseasonal through interdecadal time scales

Theme 3: Theme 3: Asian Australian Monsoon

Intraseasonal oscillationsENSO/monsoon interactions (with Theme 1)Tropical biennial oscillationTropical cyclone dynamics and pathwaysModel development

Identify the relationships between global environmental change and Asia-Pacific climate

Theme 4: Theme 4: Impacts of global environmental change

Global impacts of volcanismRegional response to global climate forcingAnalysis of coupled models of global changePaleoclimate variability

The APDRC was established within the IPRC to be a climate data and web-based product serving facility. Our mission is to increase understanding of climate variability in the Asia-Pacific region by:

• developing the computational, data-management, and networking infrastructure necessary to make data resources readily accessible and usable by researchers and other users;

• undertaking data-intensive research activities that will both advance knowledge and lead to improvements in data collection and preparation.

Challenges for Distribution of Climate Data

● disparate data types– station data, gridded data, ocean data,

atmospheric data, levels, time-series, etc.● disparate data formats

– netcdf, grib, flat binary, etc. ● datasets can be large

– coupled model out, long integrations, high resolution (time/space), etc.

● users needs are widely varying

Data Transport

● ftp (limited)● direct binary access NFS (internal)● OPeNDAP

On-line Browse

● LAS (gridded data)● EPIC (station data)

Serving non-gridded products

EPIC access to argo data

Select subregion

Sort function

Further subset

Plot specific station

Plot/save along section

Serving gridded products

THREDDS functions that matter to APDRC

• An integrated server provides OpenDAP access to any datasets that can be read through the Netcdf-Java library.

• The Netcdf-Java library reads NetCDF, OpenDAP, and HDF5 datasets, as well as other binary formats such as GRIB and NEXRAD into a "Common Data Model" (CDM).

• An integrated server provides data access through the OpenGIS Consortium (OGC) Web Coverage Service (WCS) protocol for any "gridded" dataset whose coordinate system information is complete. Users can add missing information to a dataset where needed, in order to make this work.

Reading data from remote site

Reading same data via THREDDS aggregation

Compare distributedGODAE model outputs Define region

Select time

netCDF

Binary

HDF4

GRIB

GDSGrADS

Anagram

THREDDS Server

TOMCAT

GFDL JPL NCEP

Ferret

GrADS

Matlab

Web Browser

LAS

OPeNDAP

OPeNDAP

Authentication based access and IP based access

outside IPRC network by authentication

http://user:passwd@apdrc2.soest.hawaii.edu/dods/iprc_only/

inside IPRC network by IP address http://apdrc2.soest.hawaii.edu:9090/dods/iprc_only

OPeNDAP Access -- GDS

Example of LAS

Example of LAS

Data Archive

● parallel systems (Linux and Solaris based)● similar raid systems● remote aggregation● data spread across ocean, atmosphere, air-

sea flux● model reanalysis, forecast, etc.

GrADS

Matlab

ferret

APDRC Project Support● Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment

(GODAE)● argo● Pacific Regional Integrated Date Enterprise (PRIDE)● Regional modeling● Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and

Technology (MEXT)● JAMSTEC Earth Simulator Group (ESG)● Quality control of historical profiles of temperature

and salinity for the global oceans (HydroBase2, WHOI) and the Indian Ocean (CSIRO), GTSPP

GODAE

As the international community participates in the demonstration phase of GODAE,

(2003-2005)there is an overarching need for rapid delivery of

data products from satellites and models to the broad user community including regional

operational entities.

GODAE● Operational Systems

– Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEAN; NRL, Bay St. Louis, MS)

– Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC; Monterey, CA)

– National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)● Research and Development Systems

– Argo– NASA Seasonal to Interannual Prediction Project

(NSIPP)– Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean

(ECCO; Scripps, MIT and JPL)– Hybrid Co-ordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM; Miami, NRL)– Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)

● Data– National Virtual Ocean Data System (NVODS)

Conceptual Framework forPRIDE

PRIDE

IPRCAPDRC

NOAA Data

Centers

PacificServicesCenter

Bi-Laterals with

AustraliaJapanNew

Zealand

Global/Regional ObservationsGCOS/GOOS/

IOOS

New NOAA

Facility in

Hawaii

Pacific Climate Information

SystemWMO/NOAA RCCs

RISA

US/NOAA Context

APDRC Customers

Scientific users:● direct access to

data● typically large (long

timeseries and/or large spatial extents

Server technology >> interface/presentaion

Non-scientific users:● Plot generation● More co-ordinated

approachWeb interface >> data

format/server tech