Climate Change Adaptation Act and related activities in Japan

November 6th, 2018The 24th AIM International Workshop Session 7: Impact and Adaptation (2)

Climate Change Strategy Collaboration Office/Regional Environmental Impact Assessment Section,

Center for Social and Environmental Systems ResearchKazutaka Oka

Outline

1. Introduction

2. Climate Change Adaptation Act

3. Development of adaptation information infrastructure

3.1 A-PLAT (Climate Change Adaptation Information Platform)

3.2 AP-PLAT (Asia-Pacific Climate Change Adaptation Information Platform)

4. Summary

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1. Introduction

• Climate change has already been observed globally and locally (also in Japan) and posed severe impacts on our nature and society. Thus, taking steps toward adaptation is very important to mitigate and avoid such impacts.

• Activities related to adaptation in Japan: 1st National Adaptation Plan (NAP) in 2015 Climate Change Adaptation Act

was enacted in June, 2018 will be enforced in December, 2018

• Activities related to adaptation at NIES: Development of information platform (A-PLAT and AP-PLAT) Adaptation program started at NIES since FY 2018

• “Center for Climate Change Adaptation” will be established in Dec.3

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2. Climate Change Adaptation Act (outline)

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Clarify roles played by central/local government, businesses and citizens (Article3-6)

・Promote adaptation according to local conditions;・Provide information to promote adaptation measures of local businesses; etc.

・Adaptation in business;・Involved in national & local adaptation

Purpose (Article 1)Purpose of this Act is to promote climate change adaptation, thereby contributing to the

health and cultural life of the Japanese people, both now and in the future.

・Better understanding of adaptation;・Involved in national & local adaptation

・Formulate and promote policies and measures・Establish of systems to collect, analyze and provide data

Definitions (Article 2)

Climate change impacts: life, economy and natural environment posed by climate change Climate change adaptation: measures to prevent or mitigate its adverse effects to ensure steady life,

sound growth of society and economy or to conserve natural environment

si

Citizen

Business

CentralGov.

Local gov. Promoteby Actors

Each actor’s role

2. Climate Change Adaptation Act

Develop collaborative efforts involving Central & Local Gov, Business, Citizens Promote effective measures in sectors based on reliable and detailed information

Based on scientific findings of impact projections …•Food products with high-temperature-resistant varieties•Set up fishing grounds according to its travel route•Maintain flood control facility•Develop flood risk maps.•Promote heat illness prevention measures and so on

Adaptation Planning & Impact Assessment

National government shall formulate NAP to promote adaptation in each sector

Develop of evaluation methodologies (Article 9)Develop Methodologies to evaluate the progress of adaptation under NAP

Climate Change Impact Assessments (Article 10)MoEJ shall conduct impact assessments every 5 years. NAP needs to be revised accordingly (Article 8).

Collaboration with other policy (Article 15)Promote adaptation by collaborating withrelevant polices including disaster prevention, promotion of agriculture, forestry and fisheries and biodiversity conservation (incorporation of adaptation to existing measures).

Formulation of NAP (Article 7)

6Survey & evaluate progress

Impact Assessment

every 5yearsPlan

Do

Check

Action

Develop evaluation

methodologies

Formulate or revise NAP

Implement measuresImprove the plan

2. Climate Change Adaptation Act

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Promote adaptation in local areasLocal climate change adaptation plans (Article 12)

According to NAP, municipalities should formulate local adaptation plans (LAPs) (collaborative plans are acceptable).

Climate change adaptation center (Article 12)Municipalities are encouraged to appoint a Local Climate Change Adaptation Center as a hub for collecting, organizing, analyzing and providing local climate change data (collaborative centers are acceptable).

Climate change regional council (Article 13)Local stakeholders can organize Climate Change Regional Councils to promote adaptation measures locally in cooperation with local governments, climate change adaptation centers and businesses (secretariat: MoEJ local branches).

adaptation center

Appoint

Localgovernment

information & technical advices

Regional Council (6 regions )

Local Branches of the government

NIES

Businesses etc.

documents, explanation

requestcooperation

National researchinstitutes

The government should provide information to promote adaptation measures of local governments (Article 19).

2. Climate Change Adaptation Act

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3. Development of adaptation information infrastructure

20162017 2018

Nov.27 2015National Adaptation Plan of Japan

AugustApril2015Nov.

Trial Test site,Logo design,Etc.

MarchRenewalMap viewer

Launched

Dec.AdaptationBusiness

MarchIndividualsrenewal

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A-PLATfor Japan

AP-PLATfor Asia-Pacific

COP23Demonstration

3.1 A-PLAT (Climate Change Adaptation

Information Platform)

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Local adaptation center

Appoint NIES as the core of information infrastructure for adaptationNIES shall collect, organize, analyze and provide information related to climate change

impacts and adaptationNIES shall provide technical advices to local governments

Example of the main contents of A-PLAThttp://www.adaptation-platform.nies.go.jp/index.html

Projection of Rice yields*high quality

Projection of Disappearing

beach

５. Development of adaptation information infrastructure (Article 11）

NIES

collaboration Local governmentTechnical advice

NIES shall consider the utility of information about climate change impacts provided by citizens

Share Infor.

*local universities & research institutes

*Agriculture, DRR & others

<period> end of the 21st century (2081-2100) <scenario> with strict mitigation (RCP2.6)

National research institutes

Climate Change Adaptation Act

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Climate Change Adaptation Platform (A-PLAT)

• A-PLAT (Climate Change Adaptation Platform) is a ”One-stop” online resource for adaptation to climate-change impacts in Japan. Aims at being a basis for adaptation actions of local governments,

businesses, and citizens. Collects and provides climate risk information and best practices;

develops tools to promote adaptation actions. Operated by the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)

with cooperation of relevant ministries. Stakeholders of A-PLAT are

Local Government Private Sectors Individuals & Communities

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Key pages are:1. What’s Climate Change Adaptation?

2. National Adaptation Plan

3. National & Local impact Info.

4. For stakeholders(local government, private sectors,

citizens)

5. Tools and Links

6. English site

Consists of 6 key sections

Outline of A-PLAT

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http://www.adaptation-platform.nies.go.jp/

• Future climate projections and quantitative climate-change impact assessment by prefecture level

Index: Rice yield (quality oriented)Period: the end of 21th

National and local impact information

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RCP2.6

RCP8.5

・ MRI-AGCM3.2S NHRCM05

Model

・ RCP 8.5

Scenario

・ End of the 21 century

Period

・ Temperature・ Maximum Temperature・ Minimum Temperature・ Precipitation・ Snow amonts・ Snow depth

Indices

National and local impact information

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by meteorological agency

Local Governments

Individuals

Private Sector• Climate risk• Adaptation Business

Business workshop (1. Nov 2017)156 participants

Municipal Adaptation Planning Guideline

List of adaptation plans by local gov.

Interview

Information for stakeholders

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3.2 AP-PLAT (Asia-Pacific Climate Change Adaptation

Information Platform)

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Climate change as opportunity to develop new market

Promote International cooperation (Article 18)

•Develop system for sharing information• Promote technical transfer regarding adaptation in developing areas

７. Promotion within & without Japan Better understanding by private sectors and

citizens (Article 17)

•Promote activities of dissemination and education for better understanding

Risk management under climate change

Rice yield projection in Indonesia

Flood projection in Philippine

Information on climate risksin developing countries

Asia-Pacific region

AP-PLAT (Asia-Pacific Adaptation Climate Change Adaptation Platform)

Promote adaptation business (Article 19)

•Encourage private sectors to adapt •Promote Adaptation business

Climate Change Adaptation Act

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Asia-Pacific Climate Change Adaptation Information PlatformAnnounced the launch of AP-PLAT at COP22

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A tentative version of the AP-PLAT for a demonstration at COP23Introduction of a demonstration website of AP-PLAT

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http://www.adaptation-platform.nies.go.jp/en/ap-plat/

Annual mean temperature in the end of 21th century predicted by MIROC-ESM-CHEM whichhas been cooperatively developed by the University of Tokyo, NIES, and JAMSTEC withRepresentative Concentration Pathways 8.5 (RCP8.5)

Introduction of a demonstration website of AP-PLAT

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Water-stressed population based on the Falkenmark indicator (water resources per capita:m³/year/capita) in the end of 21th century used MIROC-ESM-CHEM climate prediction outputwith Representative Concentration Pathways 8.5 (RCP8.5).

Introduction of a demonstration website of AP-PLAT

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National Adaptation planning in each country

Introduction of a demonstration website of AP-PLATUnder development

☜ Click

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Financial Information GCF, GEF, CTCN etc.

Introduction of a demonstration website of AP-PLATUnder development

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4. Summary

• Now we are in the very important phase to take step toward adaptation. Climate Change Adaptation Act

was enacted in June, 2018 will be enforced in December, 2018

• NIES contributes to promote adaptation activities by research and disseminative activities: Development of information platform (A-PLAT and AP-PLAT) Adaptation program started at NIES since FY 2018

• “Center for Climate Change Adaptation” will take a lead in promotion of adaptation activities in Japan.

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