clause not santa i. definition: a group of words that contains a subject and a verb
TRANSCRIPT
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ClauseNot Santa
I. Definition:A group of words that
contains a subject and a verb
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II. There are two kinds of clauses:
A. Independent (IC)and
B. Dependent (Subordinate) (DC)
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A. Independent
A clause that expresses a complete thought and can stand alone
AKA A SENTENCE
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Examples of Independent Clauses:
*he memorized a poem last night
*Mary will read her poem *many people enjoy poetry
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When an independent clause (IC) starts with a capital letter
and ends with a period or question mark, it is a
SENTENCE.
*He memorized a poem.*Mary will read her poem at
school .*Many people enjoy poetry.
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B. Subordinate (or dependent) clause (DC)
It does not express a complete thoughtand
It cannot stand by itself as a sentence
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Examples of Dependent or Subordinate Clauses
*because he memorized a poem
*when Mary reads her poem at school
*since many people enjoy poetry
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.
III. A. A dependent/subordinate clause (DC) will be a FRAGMENT when the clause begins with a capital letter
and ends with a period or question mark. This is a grammatical ERROR!
* Because he memorized a poem.*When Mary reads her poem at
school tomorrow.*Since many people enjoy poetry.
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What makes one clause independent and another
dependent?
...because he memorized a poem…
He memorized a poem.
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…when Mary read her poem at school...
Mary read her poem at school.
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B. What makes a clause dependent/subordinate?
• A clause is dependent/subordinate (DC) when it begins with a subordinate word. A few examples…
• Who When While Which That Since Because Unless etc. etc. etc.
• Sometimes the subordinate word is understood to be present.
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C. Sometimes the subject of the dependent/subordinate clause (DC) is a
pronoun.
• Examples:
• April, which is my favorite month, is going to be cold this year.
• Subject of SC is “which.” Verb of SC is “is.”
• The flower that grew in my yard was a rose.
• Subject of SC is “that.” Verb of SC is “grew.”
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D. A dependent/subordinate clause (DC) needs an independent clause
(IC) to create a true sentence.
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Because he memorized a poem, Mike will receive extra
credit.
Mike will receive extra credit because he memorized a
poem.
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When Mary reads her poem at school, we will applaud.
We will applaud when Mary reads her poem at school.
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E. Punctuation: When the dependent clause (DC) comes first,
it is usually followed by a comma.
When the rain stops,
the game will begin.
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F. Punctuation: When the dependent clause (DC) comes
last, there is generally no comma.
The game will begin
when the rain stops.