classification of mineral reserves and resources (un)

8/9/2019 CLASSIFICATION OF MINERAL RESERVES and RESOURCES (UN)

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@ZGOJHGLJ] ZLOJ[ DMO[ FE[ ZLG_JO LI_GEL] F[IDJPE[A

MHI]]GFGMI_GEL EF DGLJ[IH [J]J[VJ] % [J]EZ[MJ]

#]jj {zhj ?: #9' #m' ilo Fe{d} C$9 te C$3 ilo C$7'

G, ZLFM mhi}}gfgmitgel ef {j}j{vj} 2$

I, OJFGLG_GEL EF _J[D] ILO MEOJ] EL [J]J[VJ] ILO [J]EZ[MJ]

ZLOJ[ ZLG_JO LI_GEL] F[IDJPE[A MHI]]GFGMI_GEL #ZLFM' EF

DGLJ[IH [J]EZ[MJ]

_cj ZLFM mel}g}t} ef i tc{jj ogdjl}gelih }w}tjd pgtc tcj fehhepgl` tc{jj isj}2@jehe`gmih I}}j}}djlt( Fji}gkghgtw I}}j}}djlt ilo Jmeledgm vgikghgtw, _cj ~{emj}} ef

`jehe`gmih i}}j}}djlt g} `jlj{ihhw melozmtjo gl }ti`j} ef glm{ji}gl` ojtigh}, _cj tw~gmih}zmmj}}gvj }ti`j} ef `jehe`gmih glvj}tgìtgel g,j, {jmellig}}ilmj( ~{e}~jmtgl`( `jlj{ih

js~he{itgel ilo ojtighjo js~he{itgel( `jlj{itj {j}ez{mj oiti pgtc i mhji{hw ojfgljo oj`{jj} ef`jehe`gmih i}}z{ilmj, _cj}j fez{ }ti`j} i{j tcj{jfe{j z}jo i} `jehe`gmih i}}j}}djlt mitjè{gj} gl

tcj mhi}}gfgmitgel, Fji}gkghgtw i}}j}}djlt }tzogj} fe{d il j}}jltgih ~i{t ef tcj ~{emj}} efi}}j}}gl` i dglgl` ~{ebjmt, _cj tw~gmih }zmmj}}gvj }ti`j} ef fji}gkghgtw i}}j}}djlt g,j, `jehe`gmih

}tzow i} glgtgih }ti`j fehhepjo kw ~{jfji}gkghgtw }tzow ilo fji}gkghgtw }tzow%dglgl` {j~e{t i{j pjhhojfgljo, _cj oj`{jj ef jmeledgm vgikghgtw #jmeledgm e{ }zkjmeledgm g} i}}j}}jo gl tcj mez{}j

ef ~{jfji}gkghgtw ilo fji}gkghgtw }tzogj}, I ~{jfji}gkghgtw }tzow ~{evgoj} i ~{jhgdgli{w i}}j}}djltpgtc i hepj{ hjvjh ef immz{imw tcil tcit ef i fji}gkghgtw }tzow( kw pcgmc jmeledgm vgikghgtw g}

i}}j}}jo gl ojtigh,

Gt g} i tc{jj og`gt meoj ki}jo }w}tjd( tcj jmeledgm vgikghgtw isg} {j~{j}jltgl` tcjfg{}t og`gt( tcj fji}gkghgtw isg} tcj }jmelo og`gt ilo tcj `jehe`gm isg} tcj tcg{o og`gt, _cj tc{jj

mitjè{gj} ef jmeledgm vgikghgtw civj meoj} 9(; ilo = gl ojm{ji}gl` e{oj{( }gdghi{hw tcj tc{jjmitjè{gj} ef fji}gkghgtw }tzow civj ih}e meoj} 9(; ilo = pcghj tcj fez{ }ti`j} ef `jehe`gmih

i}}j}}djlt i{j {j~{j}jltjo kw ? meoj} g,j, 9 #ojtighjo js~he{itgel( ; #`jlj{ih js~he{itgel( =#~{e}~jmtgl` ilo ? #{jmellig}}ilmj, _cz} tcj cg`cj}t mitjè{w ef {j}ez{mj} zloj{ ZLFM

}w}tjd pghh civj tcj meoj #999 ilo hepj}t mitjè{w tcj meoj #==?, _cj vi{gez} tj{d} z}jo gltcg} mhi}}gfgmitgel ilo tcjg{ ojfglgtgel} i{j i} fehhep}2

9, _etih Dglj{ih [j}ez{mj$ I melmjlt{itgel #e{ emmz{{jlmj ef ditj{gih ef glt{gl}gm jmeledgm gltj{j}t,$ [ji}elikhj ~{e}~jmt} fe{ jvjltzih jmeledgm jst{imtgel,

$ Hemitgel( `{ioj( yziltgtw( `jehe`gmih mci{imtj{g}tgm alepl( j}tgditjo e{ gltj{~{jtjof{ed }~jmgfgm `jehe`gmih jvgojlmj ilo alephjo`j,

#g Dji}z{jo Dglj{ih [j}ez{mj #==9$ _cit ~i{t ef dglj{ih {j}ez{mj fe{ pcgmc telli`j( ojl}gtgj}( }ci~j( ~cw}gmih

mci{imtj{g}tgm}( `{ioj ilo dglj{ih meltjlt mil kj j}tgditjo pgtc i cg`c hjvjh ef

melfgojlmj g,j, ki}jo el ojtighjo js~he{itgel,


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#gg Glogmitjo Dglj{ih [j}ez{mj #==;$ _elli`j( ojl}gtgj}( }ci~j( ~cw}gmih mci{imtj{g}tgm( `{ioj ilo dglj{ih meltjlt mil kj

j}tgditjo pgtc {ji}elikhj hjvjh ef melfgojlmj ki}jo el js~he{itgel( }id~hgl` ilotj}tgl` glfe{ditgel( hemitgel ef ke{jcehj( ~gt} jtm, tee pgojhw }~imjo,

#ggg

Glfj{{jo Dglj{ih [j}ez{mj #===$ _elli`j( `{ioj ilo dglj{ih meltjlt mil kj j}tgditjo pgtc hep hjvjh ef melfgojlmj,Glfj{{jo f{ed `jehe`gmih jvgojlmj,

;, Dglj{ih [j}j{vj$ Jmeledgmihhw dgljikhj ~i{t ef dji}z{jo ilo%e{ glogmitjo dglj{ih {j}ez{mj,#g ^{evjo Dglj{ih [j}j{vj} #999$ Jmeledgmihhw dgljikhj ~i{t ef Dji}z{jo Dglj{ih [j}ez{mj,#gg ^{ekikhj Dglj{ih [j}j{vj} #9;9 & 9;;$ Jmeledgmihhw dgljikhj ~i{t ef glogmitjo e{ gl }edj mi}j} i dji}z{jo dglj{ih

{j}ez{mj,

=, [jmellig}}ilmj Dglj{ih [j}ez{mj #==?'$ J}tgditj} ki}jo el {j`gelih `jehe`gmih }tzogj} ilo di~~gl`( ig{ke{lj ilo glog{jmt

Djtceo}( ~{jhgdgli{w fgjho gl}~jmtgel} i} pjhh i} `jehe`gmih glfj{jlmj ilo jst{i~ehitgel

?, ^{jfji}gkghgtw Dglj{ih [j}ez{mj #;;9 ilo ;;;'$ _cit ~i{t ef il glogmitjo ilo gl }edj mg{mzd}tilmj} dji}z{jo dglj{ih {j}ez{mj tcit ci}

kjjl }cepl kw ~{jfji}gkghgtw }tzow te kj let jmeledgmihhw dgljikhj,

$ ê}}gkhw jmeledgmihhw vgikhj }zkbjmt te mcil`j} gl tjmclehe`gmih( jmeledgm(jlvg{eldjltih ilo%e{ etcj{ {jhjvilt melogtgel,

:, Fji}gkghgtw Dglj{ih [j}ez{mj #;99'$ _cit ~i{t ef dji}z{jo dglj{ih {j}ez{mj( pcgmc iftj{ fji}gkghgtw }tzow ci} kjjl fezlo te

kj jmeledgmihhw let dgljikhj,

$ ê}}gkhw jmeledgmihhw vgikhj }zkbjmt te mcil`j} gl tjmclehe`gmih( jmeledgm(jlvg{eldjltih ilo%e{ etcj{ {jhjvilt melogtgel,

Ojfglgtgel ef Zljmeledgm Emmz{{jlmj

Ditj{gih} ef j}tgditjo yziltgtw( tcit i{j tee hep gl `{ioj e{ fe{ etcj{ {ji}el} i{j let

mel}goj{jo ~etjltgihhw jmeledgm, _cz}( Zljmeledgm Emmz{{jlmj g} let ~it ef i Dglj{ih[j}ez{mj, Gf yziltgtw ilo yzihgtw i{j mel}goj{jo pe{tcw ef {j~e{tgl`( gt }cezho kj {jme`lgrjo

tcit il Zljmeledgm Emmz{{jlmj millet kj js~hegtjo pgtcezt dibe{ tjmclehe`gmih ilo%e{jmeledgm mcil`j}( pcgmc i{j let mz{{jlthw ~{jogmtikhj,

Dglj{ih Emmz{{jlmj2

I Dglj{ih Emmz{{jlmj g} il glogmitgel ef dglj{ihg}itgel( tcit g} pe{tcw ef fz{tcj{

glvj}tgìtgel, _cj tj{d Dglj{ih Emmz{{jlmj oej} let gd~hw ilw dji}z{j ef vehzdj%telli`j e{`{ioj%yzihgtw ilo g} tcz} let ~i{t ef i Dglj{ih [j}ez{mj,


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K, Ojfglgtgel} ef _j{d} te kj z}jo gl tcj Zlgtjo Litgel} Gltj{litgelih F{idjpe{aMhi}}gfgmitgel fe{ [j}j{vj}%[j}ez{mj}

]ehgo Fzjh} ilo Dglj{ih Meddeogtgj}

Ojfglgtgel} ef ]ti`j} ef Fji}gkghgtw I}}j}}djlt

Dglgl` [j~e{t

Fji}gkghgtw ]tzow

I Dglgl` [j~e{t g} zloj{}teeo i} tcj mz{{jlt oemzdjltitgel ef tcj }titj ef

ojvjhe~djlt ilo js~hegtitgel ef i oj~e}gt oz{gl` gt} jmeledgm hgfj glmhzogl`mz{{jlt dglgl` ~hil}, Gt g} `jlj{ihhw dioj kw tcj e~j{ite{ ef tcj dglj, _cj

}tzow tiaj} glte mel}goj{itgel tcj yziltgtw ilo yzihgtw ef tcj dglj{ih}jst{imtjo oz{gl` tcj {j~e{tgl` tgdj( mcil`j} gl Jmeledgm Vgikghgtw

mitjè{gj} ozj te mcil`j} gl ~{gmj} ilo me}t}( ojvjhe~djlt ef {jhjvilttjmclehe`w( ljphw gd~e}jo jlvg{eldjltih e{ etcj{ {j`zhitgel}( ilo oiti el

js~he{itgel melozmtjo melmz{{jlthw pgtc dglgl`,

Gt ~{j}jlt} tcj mz{{jlt }titz} ef tcj oj~e}gt}( ~{evgogl` i ojtighjo iloimmz{itj( z~$te$oitj }titjdjlt el tcj {j}j{vj} ilo tcj {jdiglgl` {j}ez{mj},

I Fji}gkghgtw ]tzow i}}j}}j} gl ojtigh tcj tjmclgmih }ezlolj}} ilo

Jmeledgm Vgikghgtw ef i dglgl` ~{ebjmt( ilo }j{vj} i} tcj ki}g} fe{ tcjglvj}tdjlt ojmg}gel ilo i} i kilaikhj oemzdjlt fe{ ~{ebjmt fglilmgl`, _cj

}tzow mel}tgtztj} il izogt ef ihh `jehe`gmih( jl`gljj{gl`( jlvg{eldjltih(hjìh ilo jmeledgm glfe{ditgel immzdzhitjo el tcj ~{ebjmt, @jlj{ihhw( i

}j~i{itj jlvg{eldjltih gd~imt }tzow g} {jyzg{jo,

Me}t oiti dz}t kj {ji}elikhw immz{itj #z}zihhw pgtcgl 9>*( ilo le

fz{tcj{ glvj}tgìtgel} }cezho kj ljmj}}i{w te diaj tcj glvj}tdjlt ojmg}gel,_cj glfe{ditgel ki}g} i}}emgitjo pgtc tcg} hjvjh ef immz{imw med~{g}j} tcj{j}j{vj fg`z{j} ki}jo el tcj {j}zht} ef Ojtighjo Js~he{itgel( tjmclehe`gmih(

~ghet tj}t} ilo mi~gtih ilo e~j{itgl` me}t mihmzhitgel} }zmc i} yzetitgel} efjyzg~djlt }z~~hgj{},

I ojtighjo hg}t ef tcj gd~e{tilt gtjd} ioo{j}}jo gl i Fji}gkghgtw ]tzow g}

`gvjl kjhep 2


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Hg}t ef tcj de{j gd~e{tilt gtjd} te kj ioo{j}}jo gl i Fji}gkghgtw ]tzow

@je`{i~cgmih melogtgel}

Glf{i}t{zmtz{j ~zkhgm ztghgtgj} {eio( {ighpiw} ilo etcj{

dil~epj{

@jehe`w }t{zmtz{j( }grj( }ci~j

Dglj{ih meltjlt( `{ioj( ojl}gtw {j}j{vj%{j}ez{mj yziltgtw ilo

yzihgtw etcj{ {jhjvilt `jehe`gmih fjitz{j}

Hj`ih Dittj{}

[g`ct} ilo eplj{}cg~ ]emgejmeledgm gd~imt }tzogj}

^zkhgm immj~tilmj Hilo {jyzg{jdjlt}

@evj{ldjlt fimte{}

E~j{itgl`

{ema djmcilgm} dglgl` jyzg~djlt dglgl` djtceo

mel}t{zmtgel ~hil ilo }mcjozhj i~~{e~{gitj tjmclehe`gmih ~ghet tj}t}

dghh ilo ~{emj}}gl` ~hilt tighgl`} og}~e}ih

pitj{ dili`jdjlt t{il}~e{titgel

~epj{ }z~~hw dil~epj{%hikez{ {jhitgel}

izsghgi{w fimghgtgj} ilo }j{vgmj} mhe}z{j oj}g`l

Jlvg{eldjlt #gf let ojiht

pgtc gl i }j~i{itj }tzow

Di{ajt ilihw}g}

Fglilmgih Ilihw}g} Mi~gtih me}t

Mi}cfhep fe{jmi}t Glvj}tdjlt me}t

Glfhitgel fe{jmi}t E~j{itgl` me}t

]jl}gtgvgtw }tzogj} Mhe}z{j me}t

[jcikghgtitgel me}t

[g}a I}}j}}djlt

I }jl}gtgvgtw }tzow diw {jyzg{j gloj~jlojlt vj{gfgmitgel gl mj{tigl mg{mzd}tilmj},


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Ojfglgtgel ef ]ti`j} ef Fji}gkghgtw I}}j}}djlt #Melto,'

^{jfji}gkghgtw

]tzow

@jehe`gmih]tzow

I ^{jfji}gkghgtw ]tzow ~{evgoj} i ~{jhgdgli{w i}}j}}djlt ef tcj Jmeledgm

Vgikghgtw ef i oj~e}gt ilo fe{d} tcj ki}g} fe{ bz}tgfwgl` fz{tcj{ glvj}tgìtgel}

#Ojtighjo Js~he{itgel ilo Fji}gkghgtw ]tzow, Gt z}zihhw fehhep} i }zmmj}}fzhjs~he{itgel mid~ig`l( ilo }zddi{grj} ihh `jehe`gmih( jl`gljj{gl`(jlvg{eldjltih( hjìh ilo jmeledgm glfe{ditgel immzdzhitjo te oitj el tcj

~{ebjmt,

Gl ~{ebjmt} tcit civj {jimcjo i {jhitgvjhw iovilmjo }ti`j( tcj ^{jfji}gkghgtw

]tzow }cezho civj j{{e{ hgdgt} ef ;:*, Gl hj}} iovilmjo ~{ebjmt} cg`cj{

j{{e{} i{j te kj js~jmtjo, Vi{gez} tj{d} i{j gl z}j gltj{litgelihhw fe{^{jfji}gkghgtw ]tzogj} {jfhjmtgl` tcj imtzih immz{imw hjvjh, _cj oiti {jyzg{jo

te imcgjvj tcg} hjvjh ef immz{imw i{j {j}j{vj}%{j}ez{mj} fg`z{j} ki}jo elOjtighjo ilo @jlj{ih Js~he{itgel( tjmclehe`gmih tj}t} it hike{ite{w }mihj ilo

me}t j}tgditj} j,`, f{ed mitihe`zj} e{ ki}jo el med~i{ikhj dglglè~j{itgel},

_cj ^{jfji}gkghgtw ]tzow ioo{j}}j} tcj gtjd} hg}tjo zloj{ tcj Fji}gkghgtw ]tzow(

ihtcez`c let gl i} dzmc ojtigh},

I @jehe`gmih ]tzow g} il glgtgih jvihzitgel ef Jmeledgm Vgikghgtw, _cg} g}ektigljo kw i~~hwgl` djilgl`fzh mzt$eff vihzj} fe{ `{ioj( tcgmalj}}( oj~tc

ilo me}t} j}tgditjo f{ed med~i{ikhj dglgl` e~j{itgel},

Jmeledgm Vgikghgtw mitjè{gj}( cepjvj{( millet gl `jlj{ih kj ojfgljo f{ed

tcj @jehe`gmih ]tzow kjmiz}j ef tcj hima ef ojtigh ljmj}}i{w fe{ il JmeledgmVgikghgtw jvihzitgel, _cj {j}ez{mj yziltgtgj} j}tgditjo diw glogmitj tcit tcjoj~e}gt g} ef glt{gl}gm jmeledgm gltj{j}t( g,j, gl tcj {il`j ef jmeledgm te

~etjltgihhw jmeledgm,

I @jehe`gmih ]tzow g} `jlj{ihhw mi{{gjo ezt gl tcj fehhepgl` fez{ digl }ti`j}2[jmellig}}ilmj( ^{e}~jmtgl`( @jlj{ih Js~he{itgel ilo Ojtighjo Js~he{itgel

#fe{ ojfglgtgel ef jimc }ti`j }jj kjhep, _cj ~z{~e}j ef tcj @jehe`gmih ]tzowg} te gojltgfw dglj{ihgritgel( te j}tikhg}c meltglzgtw( yziltgtw( ilo yzihgtw ef i

dglj{ih oj~e}gt( ilo tcj{jkw ojfglj il glvj}tdjlt e~~e{tzlgtw,


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Ojfglgtgel} ef ]ti`j} ef @jehe`gmih ]tzow

[jmellig}}ilmj

^{e}~jmtgl`

@jlj{ih

Js~he{itgel

OjtighjoJs~he{itgel

I [jmellig}}ilmj }tzow gojltgfgj} i{ji} ef jlcilmjo dglj{ih ~etjltgih el i{j`gelih }mihj ki}jo ~{gdi{ghw el {j}zht} ef {j`gelih `jehe`gmih }tzogj}(

{j`gelih `jehe`gmih di~~gl`( ig{ke{lj ilo glog{jmt djtceo}( ~{jhgdgli{w

fgjho gl}~jmtgel( i} pjhh i} `jehe`gmih glfj{jlmj ilo jst{i~ehitgel, _cjekbjmtgvj g} te gojltgfw dglj{ihg}jo i{ji} pe{tcw ef fz{tcj{ glvj}tg`itgeltepi{o} oj~e}gt gojltgfgmitgel, J}tgditj} ef yziltgtgj} }cezho elhw kj dioj

gf }zffgmgjlt oiti i{j ivighikhj ilo pcjl il ilihe`w pgtc alepl oj~e}gt} ef}gdghi{ `jehe`gmih mci{imtj{ g} ~e}}gkhj( ilo tcjl elhw pgtcgl il e{oj{ ef

di`lgtzoj,

^{e}~jmtgl` g} tcj }w}tjditgm ~{emj}} ef }ji{mcgl` fe{ i dglj{ih oj~e}gt kwli{{epgl` oepl i{ji} ef ~{edg}gl` jlcilmjo dglj{ih ~etjltgih, _cj

djtceo} ztghg}jo i{j eztm{e~ gojltgfgmitgel( `jehe`gmih di~~gl`( ilo glog{jmtdjtceo} }zmc i} `je~cw}gmih ilo `jemcjdgmih }tzogj}, Hgdgtjo t{jlmcgl`(

o{ghhgl`( ilo }id~hgl` diw kj mi{{gjo ezt, _cj ekbjmtgvj g} te gojltgfw ioj~e}gt pcgmc pghh kj tcj ti{`jt fe{ fz{tcj{ js~he{itgel, J}tgditj} ef

yziltgtgj} i{j glfj{{jo( ki}jo el gltj{~{jtitgel ef `jehe`gmih( `je~cw}gmihilo `jemcjdgmih {j}zht},

@jlj{ih Js~he{itgel glvehvj} tcj glgtgih ojhgljitgel ef il gojltgfgjo

oj~e}gt, Djtceo} z}jo glmhzoj }z{fimj di~~gl`( pgojhw }~imjo }id~hgl`(t{jlmcgl` ilo o{ghhgl` fe{ ~{jhgdgli{w jvihzitgel ef dglj{ih yziltgtw ilo

yzihgtw #glmhzogl` dglj{ihe`gmih tj}t} el hike{ite{w }mihj gf {jyzg{jo( ilohgdgtjo gltj{~ehitgel ki}jo el glog{jmt djtceo} ef glvj}tg`itgel, _cj

ekbjmtgvmj g} te j}tikhg}c tcj digl `jehe`gmih fjitz{j} ef i oj~e}gt( `gvgl` i{ji}elikhj glogmitgel ef meltglzgtw ilo ~{evgogl` il glgtgih j}tgditj ef }grj(

}ci~j( }t{zmtz{j ilo `{ioj, _cj oj`{jj ef immz{imw }cezho kj }zffgmgjlt fe{ojmgogl` pcjtcj{ i ^{jfji}gkghgtw ]tzow ilo Ojtighjo Js~he{itgel i{j

pi{{iltjo,

Ojtighjo Js~he{itgel glvehvj} tcj ojtighjo tc{jj$ogdjl}gelih ojhgljitgelef i alepl oj~e}gt imcgjvjo tc{ez`c }id~hgl`( }zmc i} f{ed eztm{e~}(

t{jlmcj}( ke{jcehj}( }cift} ilo tzlljh}, ]id~hgl` `{go} i{j mhe}jhw }~imjo}zmc tcit }grj( }ci~j( }t{zmtz{j( `{ioj( ilo etcj{ {jhjvilt mci{imtj{g}tgm} ef

tcj oj~e}gt i{j j}tikhg}cjo pgtc i cg`c oj`{jj ef immz{imw, ^{emj}}gl` tj}t}glvehvgl` kzha }id~hgl` diw kj {jyzg{jo, I ojmg}gel pcjtcj{ te melozmt i

Fji}gkghgtw ]tzow mil kj dioj f{ed tcj glfe{ditgel ~{evgojo kw OjtighjoJs~he{itgel,


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Ojfglgtgel ef Jmeledgm Vgikghgtw Mitjè{gj}

Jmeledgm

Le{dihJmeledgm

Jsmj~tgelihJmeledgm

#Melogtgelihjmeledgm

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

êtjltgihhw

Jmeledgm

Di{`glih

Jmeledgm

]zkdi{`glih

Jmeledgm

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Jmeledgm te

êtjltgihhw

Jmeledgm

#glt{gl}gmihhw

jmeledgm'

Yziltgtgj}( {j~e{tjo gl tellj}%vehzdj pgtc `{ioj%yzihgtw( ojdel}t{itjo kwdjil} ef i ^{jfji}gkghgtw ]tzow( Fji}gkghgtw ]tzow e{ Dglgl` [j~e{t( gl

e{oj{ ef glm{ji}gl` immz{imw( tcit bz}tgfw jst{imtgel zloj{ tcj tjmclehe`gmih(

jmeledgm( jlvg{eldjltih ilo etcj{ {jhjvilt melogtgel}( {jihg}tgmihhwi}}zdjo it tcj tgdj ef tcj ojtj{dglitgel,

_cj tj{d jmeledgm med~{g}j} ketc le{dih jmeledgm ilo jsmj~tgelihjmeledgm i} ojfgljo kjhep, _cj}j tpe }zkmitjè{gj} i{j fe{ e~tgelih z}j

el i litgelih hjvjh,

Le{dih jmeledgm {j}j{vj} i{j {j}j{vj} tcit bz}tgfw jst{imtgel zloj{med~jtgtgvj di{ajt melogtgel}, _cz}( tcj ivj{i`j vihzj ef tcj meddeogtw

dgljo ~j{ wji{ dz}t kj }zmc i} te }itg}fw tcj {jyzg{jo {jtz{l el glvj}tdjlt,

Jsmj~tgelih #melogtgelih jmeledgm {j}j{vj} i{j {j}j{vj} pcgmc it ~{j}jlti{j let jmeledgm zloj{ med~jtgtgvj di{ajt melogtgel}, _cjg{ js~hegtitgel

g} dioj ~e}}gkhj tc{ez`c èvj{ldjlt }zk}gogj} ilo%e{ etcj{ }z~~e{tgvjdji}z{jj},

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Yziltgtgj}( {j~e{tjo gl tellj}%vehzdj pgtc `{ioj%yzihgtw( ojdel}t{itjo kwdjil} ef i ^{jfji}gkghgtw ]tzow( Fji}gkghgtw ]tzow e{ Dglgl` [j~e{t( gl

e{oj{ ef glm{ji}gl` immz{imw( let bz}tgfwgl` jst{imtgel zloj{ tcjtjmclehe`gmih jmeledgm( jlvg{eldjltih ilo etcj{ {jhjvilt melogtgel}(

{jihg}tgmihhw i}}zdjo it tcj tgdj ef tcj ojtj{dglitgel( kzt ~e}}gkhw }e gltcj fztz{j,

_cj tj{d ~etjltgihhw jmeledgm med~{g}j} ketc di{`glih ilo }zkdi{`glihi} ojfgljo kjhep, _cj}j tpe }zkmitjè{gj} i{j fe{ e~tgelih z}j el i

litgelih hjvjh,Di{`glih jmeledgm {j}ez{mj} i{j {j}ez{mj} pcgmc it tcj tgdj ef

ojtj{dglitgel i{j let jmeledgm( kzt ke{oj{ el kjgl` }e, _cjw diwkjmedj jmeledgm gl tcj lji{ fztz{j i} i {j}zht ef mcil`j} gl tjmclehe`gmih(

jmeledgm( jlvg{eldjltih ilo%e{ etcj{ {jhjvilt melogtgel},]zkdi{`glih jmeledgm {j}ez{mj} i{j {j}ez{mj} tcit pezho {jyzg{j i

}zk}tiltgihhw cg`cj{ meddeogtw ~{gmj e{ i dibe{ me}t${jozmgl` iovilmj gltjmclehe`w te {jloj{ tcjd jmeledgm,

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$Yziltgtgj}( {j~e{tjo gl tellj}%vehzdj pgtc `{ioj%yzihgtw( j}tgditjo kw

djil} ef i @jehe`gmih ]tzow te kj ef glt{gl}gm jmeledgm gltj{j}t, ]glmj tcj@jehe`gmih ]tzow glmhzoj} elhw i ~{jhgdgli{w jvihzitgel ef Jmeledgm

Vgikghgtw( le og}tglmtgel mil kj dioj kjtpjjl jmeledgm ilo ~etjltgihhwjmeledgm

9%, _cj}j [j}ez{mj} i{j tcj{jfe{j }igo te hgj gl tcj {il`j ef

jmeledgm te ~etjltgihhw jmeledgm,

9% Jsmj~t gl tcj mi}j ef hep glvj}tdjlt dglj{ih meddeogtgj} hgaj }ilo( `{ivjh ilo meddel mhiw( pcj{j

i og}tglmtgel kjtpjjl jmeledgm ilo ~etjltgih jmeledgm mil kj dioj,


8/32

3

M, FGJHO @ZGOJHGLJ] FE[ IOE^_GEL EF ZLG_JO LI_GEL]

F[IDJPE[A MHI]]GFGMI_GEL

G , ]t{itgfe{d( ]t{itikezlo ilo _ikzhi{ Oj~e}gt} ef [j`zhi{ Cikgt

Mci{imtj{g}tgm} ef oj~e}gt}

Ef {j`zhi{ cikgt pgtc ~{jogmtikhj mcil`j gl t{jlo pgtc }ci{~ te deoj{itj ~cw}gmih melt{i}t pgtc kezlojo }z{fimj}(

hep og~~gl` te deoj{itjhw }tjj~( }gd~hw fehojo ilo fizhtjo, Ih}e i} khilajt mi~~gl`} ilo }z{fgmgih tikzhi{ keogj},

^{glmg~ih aglo} ef dglj{ih}

Meih }jid}( hg`lgtj kjo}( g{el e{j fe{ditgel ilo mi~~gl`}( dil`ilj}j ce{grel} gl }jogdjlti{w ilo djti$

}jogdjlti{w }jyzjlmj}( tcgma kizsgtj mi~~gl`}( {j`gelih mc{edgtj heoj} gl hi{`j zht{idifgm}1 hgdj}telj( oehedgtj(

ki{wtj}( `w~}zd( jvi~e{gtj} #glmhzogl` ~eti}c ilo }iht kjo}( mciha ilo fg{jmhiw( fzhhj{'} ji{tc,

@JEHE@GMIH ISG]

@? #[jmellig}}ilmj' @= #^{e}~jmtgl`' @;#@jlj{ih Js~he{itgel' @9#Ojtighjo Js~he{itgel'

9,Ij{gih {jmellig}}ilmj2[jdetj }jl}gl`( ig{ke{lj

`je~cw}gmih }z{vjw jtm,

;,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw2

Di~~gl` el 92 :>(>>> e{

}dihhj{ }mihj},

=,@jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2

#g@{ik%mcg~ }id~hgl` ef{ema} e{ pjitcj{jo ~{efghj}

#Lgh fe{ meih%hg`lgtj1

#gg[jme{ogl` ef k{eio`jede{~cehe`w( o{igli`j(

jtm,

?, @je~cw}gmih }z{vjw2@{ezlo je~cw}gmih }z{vjw,

:, _jmclehe`gmih 2#g_{jlmcgl` $ Elj e{ tpe te

js~e}j dglj{ihg}jo relj it

gojih hemitgel} elhw1#gg^gttgl`%o{ghhgl`2 Z~ te :tj}t ~gt}%ke{jcehj} ~j{ 9>>

}y,ad, i{ji1

#ggg]mezt o{ghhgl` I fjp te

alep tcj jsg}tjlmj ef

meih%hg`lgtj1

#gv]id~hgl` $[j`gelih ilo

{iloed `{ik%mcg~

}id~hgl`,

9,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw2#g Di~~gl` el 92:>(>>> te

92;:(>>> }mihj #fe{ meih(

hg`lgtj js~he{itgel$

di~~gl` el 929>(>>>1

#ggHglagl` ef di~} }e

~{j~i{jo pgtc te~e$`{go}1

#gggI}}j}}djlt efhgtcehe`w( }t{zmtz{j( }z{fimj

dglj{ihg}itgel( ilihw}g} efeho cg}te{w ef dglgl`,

;,@jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2@jemcjdgmih }id~hgl`(

{ema tw~j$pg}j ilo gf

ljmj}}i{w( {ema tw~j$mzd$

}ajhjtih }egh$oedigl$pg}j

#fe{ ihh djtihhgm dglj{ih

js~he{itgel,

=,@je~cw}gmih }z{vjw2Ojtighjo `{ezlo

`je~cw}gmih pe{a1ke{j$cehj `je~cw}gmihhe``gl`( gf ~e}}gkhj,

?'_jmclehe`gmih2

#i^gttgl`%t{jlmcgl` te

js~he{j kjo

{ema%dglj{ihg}jo relj1

#kO{ghhgl`2^{jhgdgli{w

o{ghhgl` #o{w o{ghhgl` fe{kizsgtj ilo gl fe{ditgel

vzhlj{ikhj te pi}c,

Ke{j$cehj }~imgl` $

9,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw 2#gDi~~gl` el 92;:(>>> te

92:(>>> e{ hi{`j{ }mihj pgtc

t{gil`zhitgel ~eglt}(

kjlmcdi{a}( gf ilw }cepl

Fe{ meih( di~~gl` el

929>(>>> }mihj

#gg Hglagl` ef di~} }e~{j~i{jo pgtc te~e`{go1

#gggI}}j}}djlt efhgtcehe`w( }t{zmtz{j( }z{fimj

dglj{ihg}itgel( ilihw}g} ef

eho cg}te{w ef dglgl`,

;, @jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2

#gOjtighjo hgtce$

`jemcjdgmih mcilljh

}id~hgl` f{ed f{j}c {ema

js~e}z{j}( t{jlmcj}( ~gt}1

#gg[jme{ogl` ef ojhjtj{gez}jhjdjlt}( hgajhw kw$~{eozmt

jhjdjlt} #j,`, @i gl

kizsgtj( Lg( ^@J jtm, glmc{edgtj( Iz gl Fj e{j( jtm,#Lgh fe{ meih%hg`lgtj

js~he{itgel1

#gggGl meih% hg`lgtj

js~he{itgel( `je$mcjdgmih

}id~hgl` ef meih ilo pitj{

te kj oelj fe{

jlvg{eldjltih }tzow,

=,@je~cw}gmih }z{vjw2#gKe{jcehj je~cw}gmih

}z{vjw1

9,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw2#gDi~~gl`$Fe{ meih(

di~~gl` 92:>>>1fe{ etcj{

dglj{ih} 929>>>

#gg^{j~i{itgel ef ojtighjo

te~e`{i~cgmih$mzd$

`jehe`gmih di~ glmhzogl` ihh

}z{fimj `jehe`gmih fjitz{j}(jstjlt ef oj~e}gt( }t{zmtz{j(

hemitgel ef ke{jcehj}( i}}iw~hil ilo }jmtgel} ef

js~he{ite{w dglj

ojvjhe~djlt ilo ke{jcehjoiti1

#ggg_e~e`{go%t{gil`z$

hitgel }titgel}%gojltgfgjo

fgozmgih} hglagl` gl tcj

di~},

;,@jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2Ojtighjo `{go ~ittj{l

}id~hgl` ilo ilihw}g},

=,@je~cw}gmih }z{vjw2Ojtighjo ilo }~jmgfgm

ke{jcehj `je~cw}gmih

}z{vjw,

?,_jmclehe`gmih2

#g^gttgl` $

; te : ~j{ }y, ad, fe{

}gd~hj oj~e}gt}1

#gg_{jlmcgl` $

It }~imgl` ef ;>>$=>>d1


9/32

7

6, ^jt{e`{i~cgm ilo

dglj{i`{i~cgm }tzogj}2

Ojtj{dglitgel ef ~{glmg~ih

{ema tw~j}( dglj{ih

i}}jdkhi`j( gojltgfgmitgel efdglj{ih} ef gltj{j}t#j}~jmgihhw ef djtihhgmdglj{ih} ilo il`zj},

0, ]wltcj}g}ef ihh ivighikhj

oiti%melmj~t},

3,_cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevj e{

hj}} tcil tcit {jyzg{jo fe{

@=,

#gMeih( `w~}zd( lji{

}z{fimj ~eti}c

ilo }iht$kjo}$ 9>>> te ;>>>

djtj{}1

#gg G{el ilo dilìlj}j e{j$ ;>> te ?>> d1#ggg Hgdj}telj ilooehedgtj $ ?>> te :>> d1

#gvKizsgtj ef tcgma

mi~~gl` $ =>> te ?>> d,

#v Mc{edgtj i} {j`gelih

heoj $ =>> d1

#vg Ki{wtj} fe{ditgel} $

?>> te :>> d,

#m ]id~hgl`2 ]id~hgl` it

pjhh$ojfgljo hemitgel} it}z{fimj ilo ih}e f{ed

~gt}%t{jlmcj}( ke{jcehj} ilojsg}tgl` dglj e~jlgl`},

:,^jt{e`{i~cgm%dglj{i`{$i~cgm }tzogj}2#g^jt{e`{i~cgm }tzow ef

{ema} ef tcj oj~e}gt ilo gt}

}z{{ezlogl`}( ihtj{itgel} #gf

ilw melljmtjo pgtc

dglj{ihg}itgel1

#ggOjtj{dglitgel ef ~ci}jgl pcgmc dglj{ih ef gltj{j}temmz{1#gggDglj{ihe`gmih }tzogj}

glmhzogl` ~i{i`jlj}g}(

gojltgfgmitgel ef relj} ef

esgoitgel ilo ~{gdi{wrelj}( `{igl }grj

og}t{gkztgel( evj{ihh

mci{imtj{g}tgm} ef z}jfzh

dglj{ih},

#gg]~jmgih `je~cw}gmih

t{ivj{}j} fe{ ~{ekhjd

}ehvgl`( gf {jyzg{jo ,

?,_jmclehe`gmih2#i^gttgl`%t{jlmcgl`2}w}tjditgm ~gttgl`%t{jlmcgl`fe{ ojmg~cj{gl` jstjlt ef

dglj{ihg}itgel it }z{fimj,

#kO{ghhgl`2 `{go {jozmtgel

ljjojo2 }~imgl` #g fe{

meih( `w~}zd lji{ }z{fimj

~eti}c ilo }iht kjo}$?>> te

9>>>d1

#gg G{el ilo dilìlj}j

e{j$9>> te ;>>d, #ggghgdj}telj ilo oehedgtj ilo

ki{wtj}$ ;>> te ?>>d z~ tei oj~tc ef it hji}t => d1#gv kizsgtj ef tcgma

mi~~gl`} ilo mc{edgtj i}{j`gelih heoj$9>> te =>>d,

#m ]id~hgl`2

#g ]w}tjditgm ~gt ilo t{jlmc

}id~hgl`( ojj~ ~gttgl` gf

ljmj}}i{w1

#gg Me{j }id~hgl`2

hgtcehe`w ilo }t{jl`tc efdglj{ihg}itgel pg}j #mcjma}id~hgl` $9>*,#o Hike{ite{w }mihj

}millgl`%mcjdgmih ilihw}g}(

#j Kzha }id~hgl` gf

ljmj}}i{w fe{ tj}tgl`~{emj}}gl` tjmclehe`w,

#f Mehhjmtgel ef ikgetgm

`je$jlvg{eldjltih

~i{idjtj{},

:,^jt{e`{i~cgm2]tzow ef~jt{e`{i~cgm mci{imtj{ ef{ema} glmhzogl` `{igl }grj(tjstz{j jtm,

#gggO{ghhgl`$

mhe}j{ }~imjo #pgtc ojfglgtj

`{go ~ittj{l tcil tcit fe{

@; mitjè{w1

Fe{ meih( gOjl}gtw efke{jcehj} te kj 9; te 9: ~j{}y,ad, oj~jlogl` el tcjmed~hjsgtgj} fe{

`je}t{zmtz{ih ~{evgl`,

gg Fe{ e~jlmi}t ~{ebjmt `{go

}~imgl` diw kj 9>>d s

:>d oj~jlogl` el tcj

`jehe`w( pjitcj{ dilthj

mevj{ ( kz{lgl` litz{j ef

meih }jid},

#gvJs~he{ite{w dglgl` ilomcjma o{ghhgl` {j}zht} gf

~e}}gkhj 1#v]id~hgl`$ }w}tjditgm ~gtilo t{jlmc }id~hgl`( me{j

ilo }hzo`j }id~hgl` fe{hike{ite{w }mihj ilo kzha

}id~hj fe{ tcj ~ghet ~hilt

}mihj kjljfgmgitgel }tzogj},

:,^jt{e`{i~cgm ilo

dglj{i`{i~cgm }tzow2[jfglgl` ef oiti el tcj~jt{e`{i~cgm mci{imtj{ ef{ema} ef tcj oj~e}gt ilo gt}}z{{ezlogl`}( ihtj{itgel} #gf

ilw( glmhzogl` }tzow ef

`{igl }grj tjstz{j ìl`zj

ilo gt} hgkj{itgelmci{imtj{g}tgm} fe{ fz{tcj{

{jfglgl` ef oiti6'@je}titg}tgmih ilihw}g} ef

ke{jcehj oiti tcgmalj}} ef

e{j 2 pi}tj jlmezltj{jo gl

cehj}( i}}iw vihzj} ef}id~hj} gf mel}goj{joljmmj}i{{w,


10/32

9>

FJI]GKGHG_W ISG]

F= #@jehe`gmih ]tzow' F; #^{j$fji}gkghgtw ]tzow' F9 #Fji}gkghgtw ]tzow'

9,@jehe`gmih ilo {jhitjo }tzow2

#g @jehe`gmih( dglj{ihe`gmih ilomcjdgmih ilihw}g} oiti1

#gg _e~e`{i~cgmih }jttgl` ilo litz{j

ef hilo1

#ggg Glf{i}t{zmtz{j1

#gv Djtje{ehe`gmih ilo ~{jhgdgli{wjmehe`w oiti gf ~e}}gkhj,

;, _cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevj e{ hj}}

tcil tcit {jyzg{jo fe{ F ;,

9,@jehe`w2

Hemih `jehe`w( dglj{ihe`w(gojltgfgmitgel ef e{j tw~j} ilo

`jedjt{w,

;, Dglgl`2 Djtceo}( ~{j$

~{eozmtgel ~hil( ojvjhe~djlt ~hil(dil~epj{ # {ez`c j}tgditj,

=, Jlvg{eldjlt2Ki}j hglj oiti el jlvg{eldjlt,

?, ^{emj}}gl`2 ^{evjl hike{ite{w

}mihj%~ghet }mihj kjljfgmgitgel(glvj}tg`itgel oiti(hgajhw

j}tikhg}cdjlt(

:,Glf{i}t{zmtz{j ilo }j{vgmj}(mel}t{zmtgel imtgvgtgj}2K{gjf ojtigh}

6, Me}tgl`2 Mi~gtih ilo e~j{itgl`

me}t $ {ez`c j}tgditj} ki}jo el

med~i{ikhj dglgl` e~j{itgel},

0,Di{ajtgl`2 Evj{vgjp hgaj

gloz}t{gih }t{zmtz{j( ojdilo }z~~hw

{jhitgel( ~{gmgl`( jtm,

3, Jmeledgm vgikghgtw2^{jhgdgli{w}tzow ef mi}c fhep fe{jmi}t},

7, Etcj{ fimte{}2 ]titzte{w

~{evg}gel} {jhitgl` te hikez{( hilo(

dglgl`( tisitgel( jtm,

9, @jehe`w2 @jehe`w ef i{ji ilo

~{ebjmt( ojtighjo js~he{itgel( mhe}jo}~imjo o{ghhgl`( e{j keow deojhhgl`(

kzha }id~hj} fe{ kjljfgmgitgel(

`jetjmclgmih ilo {ezlo pitj{

&}z{fimj pitj{} }tzogj},Cepjvj{ fe{

meih( kjljfgmgitgel }tzogj} te kjmi{{gjo ezt oj~jlogl` z~el meih

yzihgtgj},

;, Dglgl`2 Dglgl` ~hil( dglj

{jmevj{gj} ilo jffgmgjlmgj}( jyzg~djlt

}jhjmtgel( dil~epj{ {jyzg{jdjlt,

=,Jlvg{eldjlt2 JGI }tzogj} ilo

JD^ glmhzogl` }emge$jmeledgmgd~imt( {jcikghgtitgel ef ~{ebjmt

iffjmtjo ~j{}el}( pi}tj

og}~e}ih%{jmhiditgel,(ojtighjo hilo z}joiti,

?, ^{emj}}gl`2 ^ghet }mihj%gloz}t{gih

}mihj glvj}tg`itgel oiti( hg}t ef

jyzg~djlt( dil~epj{ ilo

jlvg{eldjltih mel}goj{itgel} hgajpi}tj og}~e}ih ef tighgl`( jtm,

:, Glf{i}t{zmtz{j ilo }j{vgmj}(

mel}t{zmtgel imtgvgtgj}2 Fzhh ojtigh}

6, Me}tgl`2Ojtighjo k{jia$z~ ef mi~gtih me}t(

e~j{itgl` me}t( ojtigh} ef pe{agl`

mi~gtih,

0,Di{ajtgl`2Evj{vgjp( }~jmgfgm di{ajt i}~jmt},

3, Jmeledgm vgikghgtw2

Mi}c fhep fe{jmi}t( glfhitgel jffjmt}(

}jl}gtgvgtw }tzogj},

7, Etcj{ fimte{}2 ]titzte{w ~{evg}gel}

{jhitgl` te hikez{( hilo( dglgl`(

tisitgel jtm,


11/32

99

JMELEDGM ISG]

J=#Glt{gl}gmihhw Jmeledgm' J; #^etjltgihhw Jmeledgm' J9#Jmeledgm'

9,[jmellig}}ilmj te ojtighjo`jehe`gmih }tzow( {ez`c j}tgditj}

ef `{ioj} #diw kj kjhep jmeledgmmzt$eff( jlj{ih goji ikezt

fe{j}t %lel fe{j}t ilo hilo z}j

}titz},


tcil tcit {jyzg{jo fe{ J ;,

9,@jlj{ih ilo ojtighjo js~he{itgel

; ,]~jmgfgm jlo$z}j `{ioj} ef {j}j{vj}#ikevj %di{`glihhw kjhep jmeledgm

mzt$eff `{ioj,

=, @jlj{ih alephjo`j ef fe{j}t%lel$

fe{j}t ilo etcj{ hilo z}j oiti,

9,Ojtighjo js~he{itgel,

;,Dglgl` {j~e{t %dglgl` ~hil %pe{agl` dglj},

=,]~jmgfgm jlo$z}j `{ioj} ef {j}j{vj}

#ikevj jmeledgm mzt$eff `{ioj,

?, ]~jmgfgm alephjo`j ef fe{j}t%lel$



12/32

9;

GG,]t{itgfe{d( ]t{itikezlo ilo _ikzhi{ Oj~e}gt} ef G{{j`zhi{ Cikgt

Mci{imtj{g}tgm} ef oj~e}gt}

Ef g{{j`zhi{ cikgt ilo %e{ pgtc fizht} ef hi{`j dji}z{j}( }cji{ relj}( }ehztgel mivgtgj}( g{{j`zhi{ j{e}gel ilo

pjitcj{gl` #esgoitgel fjitz{j}( ~i{tgl`} ilo kgfz{mitgel}( g`ljez} glt{z}gvj}( fimgj} mcil`j}( jtm,

^{glmg~ih aglo} ef dglj{ih}Meih }jid}( hg`lgtj kjht( g{el e{j fe{ditgel} ilo mi~~gl`}( dilìlj}j ce{grel} gl }jogdjlti{w ilo djti$

}jogdjlti{w }jyzjlmj}( tcgma kizsgtj mi~~gl`}( {j`gelih mc{edgtj heoj} gl hi{`j zht{idifgm}( hgdj}telj( oehedgtj(

ki{wtj}( `w~}zd( jvi~e{gtj} glmhzogl` ~eti}c ilo }ihtkjht}( mciha ilo fg{jmhiw( fzhhj{} ji{tc( èho gl kilojo g{el

fe{ditgel( ~hitglzd `{ez~ ef jhjdjlt} gl mc{edgtj e{ gl mc{edgtj kji{gl` {ema} ilo dehwkojlzd gl }cji{ $

melt{ehhjo relj},

@JEHE@GMIH ISG]

@? #[jmellig}}ilmj' @= #^{e}~jmtgl`' @; #@jlj{ih Js~he{itgel' @9#Ojtighjo Js~he{itgel'

9,Ij{gih {jmellig}}ilmj2[jdetj }jl}gl`( ig{ke{lj`je~cw}gmih }z{vjw( jtm,

;,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw2Di~~gl` el 92:>(>>> e{}dihhj{ }mihj},

=, @jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2#g @{ik%mcg~ }id~hgl` ef

{ema} e{ pjitcj{jo

~{efghj} #Lgh fe{

meih%hg`lgtj js~he{itgel1#gg[jme{ogl` ef k{eio

`jede{~cehe`w( o{igli`jjtm,

?,@je~cw}gmih }z{vjw 2@{ezlo je~cw}gmih

}z{vjw,

:,_jmclehe`gmih 2

#g_{jlmcgl` $

Elj e{ tpe te js~e}j

dglj{ihg}jo relj} it gojihhemitgel} elhw1

#gg^gttgl` %o{ghhgl`$ Z~te :

tj}t ~gt} % ke{jcehj} ~j{9>> }y,ad i{ji1#ggg]mezt o{ghhgl` $ i fjp

te alep jsg}tjlmj ef meih

%hg`lgtj1

#gv]id~hgl` [j`gelih

ilo {iloed `{ik%mcg~

}id~hgl`,

6, ^jt{e`{i~cgm ilodglj{i`{i~cgm }tzogj}2

#gOjtj{dglitgel ef

~{glmg~ih {ema tw~j}(

9,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw2

#g Di~~gl` el 92:>(>>>te 92;:(>>> }mihj #fe{

meih( hg`lgtj js~he{itgel$

di~~gl` el 929>(>>>1

#gg Hglagl` ef di~} }e~{j~i{jo pgtc te~e`{go}1

#ggg I}}j}}djlt ef

ojtighjo }titg`{i~cw(

hgtcehe`w( }t{zmtz{j(

}z{fimj dglj{ihg}itgel(

ilihw}g} ef eho cg}te{w ef

dglgl`,

;,@jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2@{go jemcjdgmih

}id~hgl`$ {ema tw~j pg}j

ilo gf ljmj}}i{w( }egh$oedigl$pg}j #fe{ ihh

djtihhgm dglj{ih

js~he{itgel,

=,@je~cw}gmih }z{vjw2

Ojtighjo `{ezlo

`je~cw}gmih pe{a,

?,_jmclehe`gmih2

#g^gttgl`%t{jlmcgl`%o{ghhgl` oj~jlogl` elvi{gikghgtw1

#gg ]jhjmtgel ef o{ghhgl`

}gtj} kj}t }zgtjo te zl{ivjh

tcj hgtcehe`gmih% }t{zmtz{ih

med~hjsgtgj},

:,^jt{e`{i~cgm%dglj{$

i`{i~cgm }tzogj}2#g^jt{e`{i~cgm }tzow ef

{ema} ef tcj oj~e}gt ilo


#g Di~~gl` el 92;:>>> te929>>> e{ hi{`j{ }mihj pgtc

t{gil`zhitgel ~eglt}(

kjlmcdi{a}( gf ilw1Fe{ meih(

di~~gl` el929>(>>> }mihj#gg Hglagl` ef di~} }e

~{j~i{jo pgtc te~e$ `{go},

;,@jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2

#gOjtighjo hgtce$mcjdgmih

mcilljh }id~hhgl` f{ed f{j}c

{ema js~e}z{j}( t{jlmcj}( ~gt}1#gg[jme{ogl` ef ojhjtj{gez}

jhjdjlt}(hgajhw kw$~{eozmtjhjdjlt} #j,`, @i gl kizsgtj(

Lg( ^@J jtm, gl mc{edgtj( Iz

gl Fj e{j( jtm, #Lgh fe{ meih%hg`lgtj js~he{itgel,

=, @je~cw}gmih }z{vjw2#gKe{jcehj je~cw}gmih

}z{vjw1

#gg]~jmgih `je~cw}gmih

t{ivj{}j} fe{ ~{ekhjd }ehvgl`gf {jyzg{jo1

#gggMelmz{{jlt }wltcj}g} ef

dzhtg$og}mg~hgli{w oiti(Ke{j$cehj je~cw}gmihhe``gl`( gf ~e}}gkhj,

?, _jmclehe`gmih2#g^gttgl`%t{jlmcgl`$

~gttgl`%t{jlmcgl` fe{ cjh~gl`

}z{fimj ilo }zk}z{fimj

me{{jhitgel ef dglj{ihg}jo

relj}1#ggO{ghhgl` $ Mhe}j }~imjo it

;>> s ;>>d `{go te ojmg~cj{

tcj e{j $}ceet kjcivgez{

9,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw2#gDi~~gl` iMeih 92:>>>

k Fe{ etcj{ dglj{ih}$929>>>

e{ hi{`j{ }mihj1

#gg^{j~i{itgel ef ojtighjo

te~e`{i~cgmih $mzd$`jehe`gmih di~ glmhzogl` ihh

}z{fimj jehe`gmih fjitz{j}(

jstjlt ef oj~e}gt( }t{zmtz{j(

hemitgel ef ke{jcehj}( i}}iw

~hil ilo }jmtgel} ef

js~he{ite{w dglj

ojvjhe~djlt ilo ke{jcehjoiti,

;,@jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2Ojtighjo hgtce`jemcjdgmih

ilihw}g}


Ojtighjo ke{jcehj

`je`~cw}gmih }z{vjw

?, _jmclehe`gmih2

#g^gttgl`2 = te: le}, fe{ jvj{wdi}} keow e{ it 9>>$;>>

djtj{ {go gltj{vih1

#gg_{jlmcgl`$ It }~imgl` ef:> te ;>> djtj{}1#gggO{ghhgl`$ Mhe}j{ }~imjo

tcil tcit fe{ @$; it =$? hjvjh}

oepl te i pe{aikhj

oj~tc1#gv]id~hgl`$ Me{j

ilo }hzo`j( ~gt} }id~hj} fe{

`{ioj ilihw}g} e{

kjljfgmgitgel(

kzha }id~hj} fe{ hike{ite{w}mihj % ~ghet ~hilt

glvj}tgìtgel1

#vMehhjmtgel ef ikgetgm je$


13/32

9=

dglj{ih i}}jdkhi`j1

#ggGojltgfgmitgel ef

dglj{ih} ef gltj{j}t

#j}~jmgihhw ef djtihhgm

dglj{ih} ilo il`zj}10, ]wltcj}g} ef ihhivighikhj oiti % melmj~t},3,_cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevj

e{ hj}} tcil tcit {jyzg{jo

fe{ @$=,

gt} }z{{ezlogl`}(

ihtj{itgel} #gf ilw(

melljmtjo pgtc

dglj{ihg}itgel1

#ggOjtj{dglitgel ef ~ci}jgl pcgmc dglj{ih efgltj{j}t emmz{1#gggDglj{ihe gmih }tzogj}

glmhzogl` ~i{i`jlj}g}(


esgoitgel ilo ~{gdi{w

relj}( `{igl }grj

og}t{gkztgel( evj{ihh


dglj{ih},

ithji}t it tpe hjvjh, Gl

`jlj{ih( }~imgl` ef ~{ekj

~eglt} ihel` }t{gaj diw kj

9>>d kzt gl }~jmgfgm mi}j}

oj~jlogl` el tcj ljmj}}gtw gtdiw kj k{ez`ct oepl te :> d,j}~jmgihhw fe{ ~{jmgez} djtih},I fjp ~{ekj ~eglt} fe{ ojj~j{

gltj{}jmtgel}1

#gggOjtighjo me{j }id~hgl`(

kzha }id~hgl` fe{ tj}tgl` ef

~{emj}}gl` tjmclehe`w 1

#gvMehhjmtgel ef ikgetgm `je$

jlvg{eldjltih ~i{idjtj{},

:, jt{e`{i~cgm2[jfglgl` ef oiti el tcj

~jt{e`{i~cgm mci{imtj{ ef{ema} glmhzogl` }tzow ef `{igl}grj(tjstz{j ilo hgkj{itgel

mci{imtj{g}tgm},

jlvg{eldjltih oiti $ gt}

fz{tcj{ {jfglgl` ilo ilihw}g},

:,^jt{e`{i~cgm2 ]tzow ef

~jt{e`{i~cgm mci{imtj{} ef{ema ilo }tzow ef z}jfzhdglj{ih},

6'@je}titg}tgmih ilihw}g} ef

ke{jcehj oiti( tcgmalj}} ef

e{j 2 pi}tj jlmezltj{jo gl

cehj}( i}}iw vihzj} ef

}id~hj} gf mel}goj{jo

ljmmj}i{{w,


14/32

9?

FJI]GKGHG_W ISG]


9,@jehe`gmih ilo {jhitjo }tzow2#g @jehe`gmih }tzow jlmed~i}}gl`

{jmellig}}ilmj te ~{e}~jmtgl`(

`jlj{ih% ojtighjo js~he{itgel1

#gg @jehe`gmih di~ oj~gmtgl` jstjlt

ef dglj{ihg}itgel hgtcehe`w%ce}t{ema}( dglj{ihe`gmih ilo mcjdgmih

oiti ilo gt} gltj{~{jtgel}( }tzogj} elidjlikghgtw te kjljfgmgitgel(

{jmevj{gj} ilo tcjg{ j}tgditj}1

#gggGlf{i}t{zmtz{j1#gvJlvg{eldjltih2 Djtje{ehe`gmih

ilo ~{jhgdgli{w jmehe`gmih oiti ef

i{ji gf ~e}}gkhj,

;,_cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevj e{ hj}} tcil

tcit {jyzg{jo fe{ F$;,

9,@jehe`w2@jlj{ih% ojtighjo

js~he{itgel (deoj{itj te mhe}j

}~imjo o{ghhgl`( t{jlmc%~gt% ke{j

cehj }id~hgl` te ojhgljitj

med~hjsgtw ef e{j keow%

dglj{ihg}itgel( kzha }id~hgl` fe{~{emj}}gl`% kjljfgmgitgel #kjlmc

}mihj%~ghet }mihj,

;, Dglgl`2 Djtceo} pgtc

`jetjmclgmihmel}goj{itgel}(~{j~{eozmtgel

~hil( hgajhw dglj {jmevj{gj},

=, Jlvg{eldjltih2

Ki}j hglj oiti el jlvg{eldjlt ef

tcj i{ji,

?, ^{emj}}gl`2

^{evjl hike{ite{w }mihj%~ghet

~hilt }mihj e{j o{j}}gl`glvj}tg`itgel} el kzha }id~hj}(hgajhw j}tikhg}cdjlt ef ~hilt ilo

me}t j}tgditj} tcj{jef,

:, Glf{i}t{zmtz{j ilo }j{vgmj}

ilo mel}t{zmtgel} imtgvgtgj}2

K{gjf ojtigh},

6, Me}tgl`2 Mi~gtih me}t pgtc

j}tgditj} ki}jo el med~i{ikhj

dglgl` e~j{itgel}

0, Di{ajtgl`2 Evj{ vgjp elojdilo }z~~hw {jhitgel}( gloz}t{w

}t{zmtz{j( ~{gmgl` jtm,

3, Jmeledgm vgikghgtw2

^{jhgdgli{w }tzow ef mi}c fhep

fe{jmi}t,


~{evg}gel} {jhitgl` te hikez{ (

hilo ( dglgl`( tisitgel jtm,

9,@jehe`w2 @jehe`w ef i{ji ilo ~{ebjmt(

ojtighjo js~he{itgel( mhe}jo }~imjo

o{ghhgl`(e{j keow deojhhgl`( kzha }id~hj}

fe{ kjljfgmgitgel( `jetjmclgmih ilo `{ezlo

pitj{&}z{fimj pitj{ }tzogj},

;,Dglgl`2 Djtceo} pgtc }~jmgih jd~ci}g}

el ojtighjo `jetjmclgmih tj}t pe{a% }gtjmci{imtj{g}itgel }tzogj}( }ifjtw dji}z{j}1

dglgl` ~hil( dglj {jmevj{gj} ilo jffgmgjlmw

pgtc vi{gikghgtw ozj te }t{zmtz{ihmed~hjsjtgj} hgaj mhe}j feho} ilo fizht}1

ojtighjo j}tgditj} ef dil~epj{,

=, Jlvg{eldjltih2

#gJlvg{eldjltih gd~imt i}}j}}djlt #JGI

}tzogj}%jlvg{eldjltih dili`jdjlt ~hil#JD^ glmhzogl` }emge$jmeledgm gd~imt}1

#gg[jcikghgtitgel ef ~{ebjmt iffjmtjo

~j{}el}( ilo pi}tj og}~e}ih% {jmhigditgel 1

ojtighjo hilo z}j oiti,

?, ^{emj}}gl` 2 Ojtigh} ef ~{evjl ~ghet ~hilt

}mihj% gloz}t{gih }mihj glvj}tg`itgel}

i~~jlojo pgtc hiwezt oj}g`l (jyzg~djlt hg}t

fzjh%~epj{ mel}zd~tgel( }~jmgfgmitgel fe{

~{eozmt% kw$~{eozmt( og}~e}ih ef tighgl`}(

jffhzjlt ilo fztz{j {jdjogih dji}z{j},

:, Glf{i}t{zmtz{j ilo }j{vgmj} ilomel}t{zmtgel} imtgvgtgj}2 Fzhh ojtigh},

6, Me}tgl`2 Ojtighjo k{jiaz~ ef mi~gtih ilo

e~j{itgl` me}t} ilo ojtigh} ef pe{agl`mi~gtih ,

0, Di{ajtgl`2 Di{ajtgl` evj{vgjp(

}~jmgfgm di{ajt i}~jmt},

3, Jmeledgm vgikghgtw 2 Mi}c fhep fe{jmi}tglfhitgel jffjmt} ilo }jl}gtgvgtw }tzogj}

7, Etcj{ fimte{} 2 ]titzte{w ~{evg}gel}

#hikez{ ( hilo ( dglgl`( tisitgel( jtm,


15/32

9:

JMELEDGM ISG]

J=#Glt{gl}gmihhw Jmeledgm J; #^etjltgihhw Jmeledgm' J9#Jmeledgm'

9,[jmellig}}ilmj te ojtighjo

`jehe`gmih }tzow( {ez`c j}tgditj}ef `{ioj} #diw kj kjhep jmeledgm

mzteff( `jlj{ih goji ikezt fe{j}t%lel$ fe{j}t ilo hilo z}j }titz},


tcil tcit {jyzg{jo fe{ J ;,

9,@jlj{ih ilo ojtighjo

js~he{itgel,

;,]~jmgfgm jlo$z}j {ioj} ef{j}j{vj} #ikevj jmeledgm mzt$eff

`{ioj,

=, @jlj{ih alephjo`j ef

fe{j}t%lel$fe{j}t ilo etcj{ hiloz}j oiti


;, Dglgl` {j~e{t%dglgl` ~hil% pe{agl`

dglj,

=, ]~jmgfgm jlo$z}j `{ioj} ef {j}j{vj}


?, ]~jmgfgm alephjo`j ef fe{j}t%lel$fe{j}tilo etcj{ hilo z}j oiti,


16/32

96

GGG, Hjltgmzhi{ Keogj} ef Ihh Ogdjl}gel} Glmhzogl` Keogj} Emmz{{gl`

jl jmcjhel( ]ghgmgfgjo Hglji{ Relj} ef Med~e}gtj Vjgl}

Mci{imtj{g}tgm} ef Oj~e}gt}@{iozih ilo ik{z~t mcil`j gl tcgmalj}} ilo `{ioj ihel` }t{gaj ilo og~ og{jmtgel1 kezlogl` }z{fimj} ef dglj{ihgrjo

keogj} eftjl( kzt gl }zh~cgoj} de}thw( ojfgljo kw i}}iw meltimt}2

#i di}}gvj keogj} pgtc g{{j`zhi{ }ci~j ilo `{ioj$cede`jljez} te glcede`jljez} og}t{gkztgel ef djtih vihzj} i}gl {j~himjdjlt ilo og}}jdglitjo tw~j keogj} $ }ci~j} gltj{~{jtitgvj1

#k }tjj~hw og~~gl` li{{ep keogj} pgtc e{ pgtcezt ~gtmc( ~glmc ilo }pjhh tw~j( pgtc e{ pgtc ezt kg$fz{mitgel}(~i{tgl`} jtm,

^{glmg~ih aglo} ef dglj{ih}Ki}j djtih }zh~cgoj}( }z~j{`jlj g{el ilo dilìlj}j e{j keogj} gl hitj{gtego mezlt{w( ~emajtw kizsgtj ilo lgmajh$

mekiht hitj{gtego}(iz{gfj{ez} yzi{tr {jjf}( @D gl i}}emgitgel pgtc }zh~cgoj} ( `{i~cgtj hjl}j}( ~e{~cw{w oj~e}gt} efme~~j{( dehwkojlzd( ilo tgl( ~w{gtj( ~w{{cetgtj keogj} ,

@JEHE@GMIH ISG]

@? #[jmellig}}ilmj @= #^{e}~jmtgl` @; #@jlj{ih Js~he{itgel @9 #Ojtighjo Js~he{itgel'

9, Ij{gih[jmmellig}}ilmj2

[jdetj }jl}gl`( ig{ke{lj`je~cw}gmih }z{vjw jtm,

;, @jehe`gmih }z{vjw2Di~~gl` el 92:>(>>> e{

}dihhj{ }mihj},

=,@jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2#g]t{jid }jogdjlt( }egh

evj{kz{ojl( {ema}( mcg~}(

`{ik}( `{ezlopitj{ ilo

ilw etcj{ }ehzkhj djogi

#ojmgojo el tcj ki}g} efe{gjltitgel }z{vjw }id~hgl`( gojltgfgmitgel efe{j }g`lgfgmilt relj}1

#ggOjhgljitgel ef

~{joedgljlthw fe{j}t i{ji(

`jede{~cehe`w( hilofe{d}

ilo vj`jtikhj

ojvjhe~djlt} jtm,

?,@je~cw}gmih }z{vjw 2

@{ezlo je~cw}gmih

}z{vjw,

:,_jmclehe`gmih 2#gPgojhw }~imjo

~gttgl`%t{jlmcgl`

te js~e}j dglj{ihg}jo

relj}1

#gg]id~hgl` $

i[j`gelih ilo {iloed

9,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw2 2

#gDi~~gl` el 92:>(>>>

te92:>>> }mihj oj~jloglèl `jehe`w ef i{ji1

#ggHglagl` ef di~} }e~{j~i{jo pgtc te~e`{go}1

#gggI}}j}}djlt ef

hgtcehe`w( }t{zmtz{j(

}z{fimj dglj{ihg}itgelilo ilihw}g} ef eho

cg}te{w ef dglgl`,

;,@jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2#g]tzow ef ojtighjo ilo~{gdi{w ilo }jmeloi{w`jemcjdgmih~i{idjtj{}#mhe}j `{go

}id~hgl` ef ~{e}~jmt}

ilo tcjg{ ~{emj}}gl`

{ema tw~j$pg}j ilo {ema

tw~j$mzd$evj{kz{ojl

pg}j fe{ gojltgfgmitgel

ef e{j }g`lgfgmiltiledihw relj}1

#gg[jme{ogl` ef

ojhjtj{gez} jhjdjlt}(hgajhw kw$~{eozmt

jhjdjlt},


#gOjtighjo `{ezlo

`je~cw}gmih pe{a1

#ggKe{j$cehj

`je~cw}gmih }z{vjw,


#gDi~~gl` el 92:(>>> te

929(>>> e{ hi{`j{ }mihj pgtct{gil`zhitgel }titgel}(kjlmcdi{a}( gf ilw1

#ggHglagl` ef di~} }e~{j~i{jo pgtc te~e$ `{go}(

#gggI}}j}}djlt ef hgtcehe`w(

}t{zmtz{j( }z{fimj

dglj{ihg}itgel( ilihw}g} efeho cg}te{w ef dglgl`,

;, @jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2#gOjtighjo hgtce$`je$

mcjdgmih mcilljh }id~hgl`f{ed f{j}c {ema js~e}z{j}(t{jlmcj}( ~gt} fe{ fz{tcj{{jfgljdjlt ef oiti1

#gg[jme{ogl` ef ojhjtj{gez}

jhjdjlt} ilo hgajhw kw$

~{eozmt jhjdjlt},


#g Ke{jcehj `je~cw}gmih}z{vjw 1

#gg]~jmgih je~cw}gmih

t{ivj{}j} fe{ ~{ekhjd }ehvgl`gf {jyzg{jo,

?, _jmclehe`gmih#g ^gttgl`%t{jlmcgl` fe{

cjh~gl` }z{fimj ilo

}zk}z{fimj( me{{jhitgel ef

dglj{ihg}jo relj}1

9, @jehe`gmih }z{vjw2#gDi~~gl`$929>>> e{

hi{`j{ }mihj1#gg^{j~i{itgel ef ojtighjote~e`{i~cgmih $mzd$

`jehe`gmih di~ glmhzoglìhh }z{fimj `jehe`gmih

fjitz{j}( jstjlt ef oj~e}gt(

}t{zmtz{j( hemitgel ef

~gt}%t{jlmcj}%ke{jcehj}(i}}iw ~hil ilo }jmtgel} ef

js~he{ite{w dglj

ojvjhe~djlt ilo ke{jcehj

oiti,

;, @jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2#gOjtighjo hgtce$`je$mcjdgmih mcilljh }id~hgl`

f{ed f{j}c {ema js~e}z{j}%

t{jlmcj}( ~gt}1

#ggIlihw}g} ef `je$

mcjdgmih oiti fe{ ~etjltgih

ztghg}itgel,

=, @je~cw}gmih }z{vjw2

#g Ke{jcehj `je~cw}gmih

}z{vjw 1#gg]~jmgih je~cw}gmih

t{ivj{}j} fe{ ~{ekhjd}ehvgl` ( gf {jyzg{jo,

?, _jmclehe`gmih2#g^gttgl`%t{jlmcgl` fe{

cjh~gl` }z{fimj ilo

}zk}z{fimj me{{jhitgel ef


17/32

90

`{ik%mcg~ }id~hgl`(

kMcilljh }id~hgl` fe{

js~e}z{j} gl t{jlmcj},

6,^jt{e`{i~cgm ilodglj{i`{i~cgm }tzogj}2#gOjtj{dglitgel ef~{glmg~ih {ema tw~j}(

dglj{ih i}}jdkhi`j}1

#gg Gojltgfgmitgel ef

dglj{ih} ef gltj{j}t

#j}~jmgihhw ef djtihhgm

dglj{ih} ilo il`zj},

0,]wltcj}g} ef ihh ivighikhj

oiti%melmj~t}

3, _cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevje{ hj}} tcil tcit {jyzg{jofe{ @$=,

?,_jmclehe`gmih2

#g^gttgl`%t{jlmcgl` te

js~he{j dglj{ihg}jo

relj} te ojmg~cj{}z{fimj dilgfj}titgel efdglj{ihg}itgel $deoj{itjhw }~imjo

~{jfj{ikhw it :>> $ ?>>d

gltj{vih1

#gg^{jhgdgli{w o{ghhgl` $

#i ]~imgl` pghh kj

`zgojo kw tcj }t{zmtz{ih

med~hjsgtw e{ litz{j ef

og}meltglzgtw(

#k]~imgl` ef ~{ekj~eglt} ihel` }t{gaj

`jlj{ihhw kjtpjjl9>>ilo ;>>d1

#gggFz{tcj{ o{ghhgl` te kj

~hilljo te gltj{}jmt e{j$}ceet(e{j keow it hji}t it

tpe hjvjh} pgtc elhw fjp

ojj~j{ hjvjh

gltj{}jmtgel}1

#gvJs~he{itgel ~hillgl`

te kj `zgojo kw tcj

{j}zht ef `{ezlo`jemcjdgmih ilo`je~cw}gmih }tzogj}( ~gt}id~hgl`% t{jlmc%me{j

}id~hgl` #:* mcjma

}id~hgl`,

:,^jt{e`{i~cgm%dglj{i

`{i~cgm }tzogj}2

#g^jt{e`{i~cgm }tzow ef

{ema} ef tcj oj~e}gt ilo

gt} }z{{ezlogl`}(

ihtj{itgel} #gf ilw(melljmtjo pgtcdglj{ihg}itgel1#ggOjtj{dglitgel ef

~ci}j gl pcgmc dglj{ih

ef gltj{j}t emmz{}1

#gggDglj{ihe`gmih

}tzogj} glmhzogl`~i{i`jlj}g}(

gojltgfgmitgel ef relj}

ef esgoitgel ilo ~{gdi{w

relj}( `{igl }grjog}t{gkztgel( evj{ihhmci{imtj{g}tgm} ef z}jfzh

dglj{ih},

#ggO{ghhgl`$

mhe}j }~imjo o{ghhgl` te

ojmg~cj{ tcj e{j $}ceet

kjcivgez{ ithji}t z~te tpe

hjvjh}1 gl `jlj{ih( }~imgl` ef~{ekj ~eglt} ihel` }t{gajdiw kj 9>>d kzt gl }~jmgfgmmi}j}( oj~jlogl` el tcj

ljmj}}gtw( gt diw kj k{ez`ct

oepl te :> d, j}~jmgihhw fe{

~{jmgez} djtih}1 i fjp ~{ekj

~eglt} fe{ ojj~j{

gltj{}jmtgel}1

#gggOjtighjo me{j }id~hgl`(

kzha }id~hgl` fe{ tj}tgl` ef

~{emj}}gl` tjmclehe`w1#gvMehhjmtgel ef ikgetgm `je$

jlvg{eldjltih ~i{idjtj{},#9>* mcjma }id~hgl`,

:, ^jt{e`{i~cgm1Ojtighjo }tzow ef oiti el tcj

~jt{e`{i~cgm mci{imtj{ ef

{ema} glmhzogl` }tzow ef

`{igl }grj (tjstz{j( hgkj{itgel

mci{imtj{g}tgm},

dglj{ihg}jo relj}1

#ggO{ghhgl`2

mhe}j{}~imjo tcil tcit fe{

@$; ilo z~te tcj oj~tc ef

9>>$:> d, kjhep tcjesgoitgel relj $ oj~jlogl`el tcj ljmj}}gtw gt diw kjk{ez`ct oepl te :> d, e{

hj}} j}~jmgihhw fe{ ~{jmgez}

djtih}1 i fjp ~{ekj ~eglt}

fe{ ojj~j{ gltj{}jmtgel}1

#ggg]id~hgl`$ ojtighjo me{j

}id~hgl`( kzha }id~hgl`

fe{ tj}tgl` ef ~{emj}}gl`

tjmclehe`w el

hike{ite{w%~ghet ~hilt }mihj1#gvMehhjmtgel ef ikgetgm

`je$jlvg{eldjltih~i{idjtj{},

:, ^jt{e`{i~cgm2Ojtighjo }tzow ef oiti el

tcj ~jt{e`{i~cgm mci{imtj{

ef {ema} glmhzogl` }tzow ef

`{igl }grj (tjstz{j(

hgkj{itgel mci{imtj{g}tgm}

ilo fz{tcj{ {jfglgl` ef oiti,

6'@je}titg}tgmih ilihw}g}ef ke{jcehj oiti #tcgmalj}}ef e{j 2pi}tj jlmezltj{jo

gl cehj}( i}}iw vihzj} gf

mel}goj{jo ljmj}i{{w,


18/32

93

FJI]GKGHG_W ISG]


9, @jehe`gmih ilo {jhitjo}tzow2 @jehe`w ef i{ji(

{jmellig}}ilmj ilo

~{e}~jmtgl` kw je$mcjdgmih

ilo `je$~cw}gmih

}z{vjw}%`jlj{ihjs~he{itgel%ojtighjo

js~he{itgel( me{j ilo }hzo`j

}id~hj}( fe{ kjljfgmgitgel1

`jehe`gmih di~} oj~gmtgl`

jstjlt ilo ogdjl}gel ef

dglj{ihg}itgel hgtcehe`w ef

ce}t {ema}( melt{eh} ilo`zgoj} fe{ dglj{ihg}itgel(

idjlikghgtw te kjljfgmgitgel1glf{i}t{zmtz{j1

jlvg{eldjltih ki}j hglj oiti,

;, _cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevj e{


F$;,

9, @jehe`w2 @jehe`w ef i{ji( ojtighjojs~he{itgel%`jlj{ih js~he{itgel zgojo kw

`je$mcjdgmih ilo je$~cw}gmih }z{vjw}(

deoj{itj te mhe}j $ }~imjo o{ghhgl`(

ogffj{jlt dglj{ihg}jo relj} it vgikhj mzt eff

`{ioj}( me{j ilo }hzo`j }id~hgl` fe{js~he{ite{w }ti`j kjljfgmgitgel

}tzogj}%hike{ite{w }mihj glvj}tgìtgel},

;,Dglgl` 2 Djtceo}( ~{j$~{eozmtgel ~hil(

ojvjhe~djlt ~hil( dil~epj{ {jyzg{jdjlt},

=,Jlvg{eldjlt 2 JGI%JD^ pgtc ojtigh} efpi}tj og}~e}ih ilo hgajhw zlivegoikhj

jffjmt} ef ~{ebjmt},

?,^{emj}}gl`2 ^{evjl hike{ite{w }mihj%~ghet

~hilt }mihj e{j o{j}}gl` glvj}tgìtgel} elkzha }id~hj} ilo hgajhw j}tikhg}cdjlt( me}t

j}tgditj} fe{ ~{emj}}gl` ~hilt,

:,Glf{i}t{zmtz{j ilo }j{vgmj} ilo

mel}t{zmtgel imtgvgtgj}2 K{gjf ojtigh},

6, Me}tgl` 2Mi~gtih ilo e~j{itgl` me}t}$

{ez`c j}tgditj} ki}jo el med~i{ikhj

dglgl` e~j{itgel},

0, Di{ajtgl`2 Il evj{vgjp( ojdilo}z~~hw {jhitgel}( gloz}t{w }t{zmtz{j,

3, Jmeledgm vgikghgtw2 {jhgdgli{w }tzow

ef mi}c fhep fe{jmi}t},

7, Etcj{ fimte{}2 ]titzte{w ~{evg}gel}{jhitgl` te hilo( hikez{( dglgl`( tisitgel(

jtm,

9,@jehe`w2 @jehe`w ef i{ji ilo~{ebjmt( ojtighjo js~he{itgel( mhe}jo

}~imjo o{ghhgl`( js~he{ite{w dglgl` z~te

;lo

hjvjh ilo zloj`{ezlo ke{jcehj}(

mcilljh%`{eevj }id~hgl` #:>$9>> md(

e{j keow deojhhgl`( kzha }id~hj} fe{kjljfgmgitgel( jetjmclgmih ilo {ezlo

& }z{fimj pitj{} }tzogj}, Cepjvj{ fe{

meih kjljfgmgitgel }tzogj} te kj mi{{gjo

ezt oj~jlogl` z~el meih yzihgtgj},

;,Dglgl`2 Dglgl` ~hil( dglj

{jmevj{gj} ilo jffgmgjlmgj}( dil ~epj{{jyzg{jdjlt},

=,Jlvg{eldjlt2

JGI%JD^ glmhzogl` }emge jmeledgm

gd~imt( {jcikghgtitgel ef ~{ebjmt iffjmtjo~j{}el}( pi}tj og}~e}ih%

{jmhiditgel1,ojtighjo hilo z}j oiti,

?,^{emj}}gl`2 Ojtigh} ef ~{evjl ~ghet

~hilt %gloz}t{gih }mihj glvj}tgìtgel}(

i~~jlojo pgtc ~hilt hiwezt( oj}g`l(jyzg~djlt hg}t( dil~epj{( fzjh%~epj{

mel}zd~tgel( jlvg{eldjltih

mel}goj{itgel}( og}~e}ih ef tighgl`}(

jffhzjlt} ilo fztz{j%~{j}jlt {jdjogihdji}z{j},

:, Glf{i}t{zmtz{j ilo }j{vgmj} ilomel}t{zmtgel imtgvgtgj}2

Fzhh ojtigh},

6, Me}tgl`2 Ojtigh} ef k{jia z~ efmi~gtih ilo e~j{itgl` me}t} ilo pe{agl`

mi~gtih,

0,Di{ajtgl`2 Evj{vgjp( }~jmgfgm

di{ajtgl` i}~jmt},

3, Jmeledgm vgikghgtw2 Mi}c fhep

fe{jmi}t}( glfhitgel jffjmt}( }jl}gtgvgtw

}tzogj},

7, Etcj{ fimte{}2 ]titzte{w ~{evg}gel}

{jhitgl` te hilo( hikez{( dglgl`(tisitgel( jtm,


19/32

97

JMELEDGM ISG]



`jehe`gmih }tzow( {ez`cj}tgditj} ef `{ioj} #diw kj

kjhep jmeledgm mzt $eff(`jlj{ih goji ikezt fe{j}t %

lel $ fe{j}t ilo hilo z}j

}titz},

;,_cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevj e{hj}} tcil tcit {jyzg{jo fe{

J$;,

9,@jlj{ih ilo ojtighjo js~he{itgel,

;, ]~jmgfgm jlo$z}j {ioj} ef {j}j{vj}

#ikevj% di{`glihhw kjhep jmeledgm mzt$eff`{ioj,

=, @jlj{ih alephjo`j ef fe{j}t%lel$fe{j}t

ilo etcj{ hilo z}j oiti ,


;, Dglgl` {j~e{t%dglgl` ~hil% pe{agl`

dglj},

=, ]~jmgfgm jlo$z}j `{ioj} ef {j}j{vj}


?, ]~jmgfgm alephjo`j ef fe{j}t%lel$fe{j}t ilo etcj{ hilo z}j oiti,


20/32


21/32

;9

#gggMehhjmtgel ef

}id~hj fe{ ojmg~cj{gl`

tcj dglj{ihg}jo relj},

6,^jt{e`{i~cgm ilo

dglj{i`{i~cgm }tzow2#gOjtj{dglitgel ef

~{glmg~ih {ema tw~j} ilo

dglj{ih i}}jdkhj`j}1

#ggGojltgfgmitgel ef

dglj{ih} ef gltj{j}t ilo

`il`zj} iloojtj{dglitgel ef z}jfzh

dglj{ih},

0, ]wltcj}g} ef ihh

ivighikhj oiti%melmj~t},

3, _cj imtgvgtgj} i}

ikevj e{ hj}} tcil tcit

{jyzg{jo fe{ @$=,

?,_jmclehe`gmih 2

#g ]id~hgl` it pjhh

ojfgljo hemitgel}(jstjl}gvj ~gt( t{jlmc

ilo }z{fimj }id~hgl`

te ojmg~cj{ tcj jstjltilo `{ioj ef

dglj{ihg}itgel it

}z{fimj1

#ggMe{j }id~hgl`1

#gggHike{ite{w

}tzogj} ef }id~hj}1#gvMcjma }id~hj}$

9>*1

#vOjj~ ~gttgl` teojmg~cj{ `{ioj

vi{gitgel ef

g{{j`zhi{hw }ci~j

dglj{ihg}itgel1

#vgO{ghhgl` $ 9>>d

te :> d, gltj{vih1

ke{jcehj ojvgitgel

}z{vjw,

:,^jt{e`{i~cgmilodglj{i`{i~cgm 2#g^jt{e`{i~cgm

}tzogj} ef {ema} ef

oj~e}gt} ilo gt}

}z{{ezlogl`(

ihtj{itgel melljmtjo

pgtc dglj{ihg}itgel1

#ggDglj{ihe`gmih}tzogj} glmhzogl`

gojltgfgmitgel efrelj} ef esgoitgel

ilo ~{gdi{w relj}(

`{igl }grj ilihw}g}(evj{ihh mc{imtj{g}tgm}

ef z}jfzh ilo

ojhjtj{gez} dglj{ih},

:,^jt{e`{i~cgm2

Fz{tcj{ {jfglgl` ef oiti,

6'@je}titg}tgmih ilihw}g} ef

ke{jcehj oiti #tcgmalj}} ef

e{j 2pi}tj jlmezltj{jo glcehj}( i}}iw vihzj}( gf

mel}goj{jo ljmmj}i{{w,


22/32

;;

FJI]GKGHG_W ISG]


9,@jehe`gmih ilo {jhitjo }tzow2#g[jmellig}}ilmj ~{e}~jmtgl` kw

`jemcjdgmih( je~cw}gmih( }mezt

o{ghhgl` te zloj{}tilo melt{eh} ef

dglj{ihg}itgel}%

`jlj{ih ilo ojtighjo js~he{itgel1#gg@jehe`gmih di~} }cepgl` jstjlt

ilo ~j{}g}tjlmj ef dglj{ihg}itgel}(

`zgoj}( melt{eh}( ce}t{ema( hgtcehe`w

jtm1

#gggGlf{i}t{zmtz{j1 #gv^{jhgdgli{w

jmehe`gmih ilo djtje{ehe`gmih oiti(

gf ~e}}gkhj,

;, _cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevj e{ hj}}tcil tcit {jyzg{jo fe{ F$;,

9, @jehe`w2#g@jehe`w ef i{ji1 #gg@jlj{ih ilo

ojtighjo js~he{itgel `zgojo kw

}z{fimj ilo }zk$}z{fimj jemcjdgmih

ilo `je~cw}gmih oiti( js~he{ite{w

dglgl` ojtigh},

;, Dglgl`2 dglj {jmevj{gj}

j}tgditj}( dil ~epj{ ojtigh}( ~{j$

~{eozmtgel ~hil ,

=, Jlvg{eldjlt2 Ki}jhglj oiti(

~etjltgih mel}t{iglt} el ~{ebjmt,

?, ^{emj}}gl`2 ^{evjl hike{ite{w}mihj %~ghet }mihj glvj}tg`itgel} el

kzha }id~hj}1 hgajhw j}tikhg}cdjlt ef

~hilt1 ~e}}gkghgtgj} ef me}t j}tgditj},

:,Glf{i}t{zmtz{j( mel}t{zmtgel(}j{vgmj} jtm2K{gjf ojtigh} ,

6, Me}tgl`2 Mi~gtih ilo e~j{itgl`

me}t j}tgditj} ki}jo el med~i{ikhjdglgl` e~j{itgel} ,

0, Di{ajtgl`2Il evj{vgjp( ojdilo

ilo }z~~hw {jhitgel}( gloz}t{w}t{zmtz{j( ~{gmgl`,

3,Jmeledgm vgikghgtw2 ^{jhgdgli{w

}tzogj} ef mi}c fhep fe{jmi}t},


~{evg}gel} {jhitgl` te hilo( hikez{(dglgl`( tisitgel( jtm,

9,@jehe`w2@jehe`w ef ~{ebjmt( ojtighjo

js~he{itgel pgtc hi{`j{ gl~zt} ef

js~he{ite{w dglgl`( ojj~ ~gttgl`(

t{jlmcgl` %kjlmcgl`( zloj{`{ezlo

ke{jcehj}( mhe}jo }~imjo o{ghhgl`,

;,Dglgl`2 Dglgl` ~hil( djtgmzhez}

djtceo} pgtc }~jmgih jd~ci}g} el

`jetjmclgmih( ~{eozmtgel i}~jmt}1

}ifjtw dji}z{j}( dglj {jmevj{gj}(

jffgmgjlmw vi{gikghgtw ozj te vi{gez}

melt{eh},

=, Jlvg{eldjlt2JGI%JD^ glmhzogl` }emge$ jmeledgm

gd~imt {jcikghgtitgel ef ~{ebjmt

iffjmtjo ~j{}el} ilo pi}tj og}~e}ih%{jmhiditgel 1ojtighjo hilo z}j oiti,

?,^{emj}}gl`2 ^{evjl ojtigh} ef ~ghet

~hilt }mihj glvj}tg`itgel( i~~jlojo

pgtc hiwezt( ~hilt oj}g`l( dil~epj{

{jyzg{jdjlt}( fzjh%~epj{mel}zd~tgel( og}~e}ih ef jffzhjlt}

ilo ~{j}jlt%fztz{j {jdjogih

dji}z{j},

:, Glf{i}t{zmtz{j( mel}t{zmtgel}ilo }j{vgmj2 Fzhh ojtigh},

6, Me}tgl`2 Ojtighjo k{jia z~ ef

mi~gtih ilo e~j{itgl` me}t ilo ojtigh}

ef pe{agl` mi~gtih},

0, Di{ajtgl`2 Il evj{vgjp( }~jmgfgm

di{ajt i}~jmt},

3, Jmeledgm vgikghgtw2 Mi}c fhep

fe{jmi}t( glfhitgel jffjmt}( }jl}gtgvgtw

}tzogj},


~{evg}gel} {jhitgl` te hilo( hikez{(



23/32

;=

JMELEDGM ISG]



`jehe`gmih }tzow( {ez`c j}tgditj}ef `{ioj} #diw kj kjhep jmeledgm

mzteff( `jlj{ih goji ikezt fe{j}t %

lel $ fe{j}t ilo hilo z}j }titz},;,_cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevj e{ hj}}

tcil tcit {jyzg{jo fe{ J$;,

9, @jlj{ih ilo ojtighjo js~he{itgel,

; , ]~jmgfgm jlo$z}j `{ioj} ef{j}j{vj} #ikevj%di{`glihhw kjhep

jmeledgm mzt$eff {ioj,=, @jlj{ih alephjo`j ef fe{j}t%lel$


9, Ojtighjo js~he{itgel,

;, Dglgl` {j~e{t%dglgl`~hil%pe{agl` dglj},=, ]~jmgfgm jlo$z}j {ioj} ef {j}j{vj}

#ikevj jmeledgm mzt$eff `{ioj,?, ]~jmgfgm alephjo`j ef fe{j}t%lel$



24/32

;?

V, @jd$ ]telj} ilo [i{j Djtih ^j`ditgtj}( [jjf} ilo Vjgl}

Mci{imtj{g}tgm} ef Oj~e}gt

Cg`chw j{{itgm og}t{gkztgel ef dglj{ih} ilo djtih}, Le t{jlo gl `{ioj ilo tcgmalj}}( le i}}z{jo meltglzgtw( mhz}tj{ ef

cg`c vihzj} gl ki{{jl relj}( }t{zmtz{ih ilo hgtcehe`gm melt{eh} zlojtj{dglitj,

^{glmg~ih aglo} ef Dglj{ih}_gl$tzl`}tzl$tiltihzd$dehwkojlzd vjgl} ilo ~j`ditgtj}( kj{wh( te~ir( jdj{iho( mj}gzd oj~e}gt}( dglj{ihg}itgeli}}emgitjo pgtc ihaihglj {ema}( med~hjsj} ilo vjgl} ilo ~hz`} ef mi{kelitgtj},

@JEHE@GMIH ISG]


9,Ij{gih {jmellig}}ilmj2

[jdetj }jl}gl`( ig{ke{lj


;,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw2Di~~gl` el 92:>(>>> }mihje{ }dihhj{ }mihj},

=,@jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2

#g@{ik%mcg~ }id~hgl` ef

{ema} e{ pjitcj{jo

~{efghj}1

#gg[jme{ogl` ef k{eio

`jede{~cehe`w( o{igli`jjtm,

?, @je~cw}gmih }z{vjw2@{ezlo je~cw}gmih pe{a,

:,_jmclehe`gmih2#g_{jlmcgl`$ Elj e{ tpe

{iloed ~gt} e{ t{jlmcj}1

#gg^gttgl`%o{ghhgl`2 Z~te :

tj}t ~gt} ~j{9>>}y, ad

i{ji1

#ggg]id~hgl`$ [j`gelihilo {iloed `{ik

}id~hgl`( }t{jid }jogdjlt}id~hgl` iftj{ e{gjltitgel

}z{vjw fe{ li{{epgl`

oepl ti{`jt i{ji},

6, ^jt{e`{i~cw ilo

dglj{e`{i~cw2

#gOjtj{dglitgel ef digl

{ema tw~j} ilo dglj{ih

i}}jdkhi`j}1

#ggGojltgfgmitgel efdglj{ih} ef gltj{j}t ilo

ìl`zj},

0, ]wltcj}g} ef ihh



#gDi~~gl`2 92:>(>>> te

92;:>>> }mihj1#ggHglagl` ef `jehe`gmih

di~} pgtc te~e`{go}1#gggI}}j}}djlt ef}t{itg`{i~cw( hgtcehe`w(

}t{zmtz{j( }z{fimj }cep} ef

dglj{ihg}itgel( ilihw}g} ef

eho cg}te{w ef dglgl`,

;,@jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2

#gMhe}jo $`{go jemcj$

dgmih }id~hgl` ( {ematw~jpg}j ilo gf ljmj}}i{w {ema

tw~j$mzd }ajhjtih }egh $

oedigl$pg}j1#gg@jemcjdgmih

}~jmgihgritgel pgtc {j}~jmt

te jhjdjlt ef gltj{j}t ef

~j`ditgtj {ema te kj

ojmg~cj{jo ilo

gojltgfgmitgel ef ~itc

fgloj{ ilo t{imj jhjdjlt},

=,@je~cw}gmih }z{vjw2Ojtighjo `{ezlo

`je~cw}gmih pe{a teojhgdgt tcj ~etjltgih ce}t

{ema,

?,_jmclehe`gmih2#g^gttgl` ilo t{jlmcgl` gl

mehhzvgih relj}( {j}gozih

evj{kz{ojl ilo el

~{gdi{w ce}t {ema}1

{iloedhw og}t{gkztjo1

#ggO{ghhgl`$elhw te k{eiohwtj}t tcj meltglzgtw ef ce}t

{ema it 9>> d te ;>>d}t{gaj }~imgl`1

#ggg]id~hgl`$ It }z{fimj

im{e}} relj} ef

9,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw2#gDi~~gl` el 92:>>> e{

hi{`j{ }mihj} pgtct{gil`zhitgel }titgel}( kjlmc

di{a}( gf ilw ilo fgozmgih}}cepl1#ggHglagl` ef jehe`gmih

di~} pgtc te~e`{go},

;, @jemcjdgmih }z{vjw2

#gOjtighjo hgtce$

`jemcjdgmih mcilljh

}id~hgl` f{ed f{j}c {ema

js~e}z{j}( t{jlmcj}( ~gt} jtm1#gg[jme{ogl` ef ojhjtj{gez}

ilo hgajhw kw $~{eozmt

jhjdjlt},

=,@je~cw}gmih2Ojtighjo ilo }~jmgihg}jo

`je~cw}gmih }tzogj} # j,`,

dg}}ihidi}}j( ke{jcehj

`je~cw}gmih }tzow jtm, te

zl{ivjh tcj tc{jj

ogdjl}gelih

melfg`z{itgel ef ce}t {ema,

?,_jmclehe`gmih2#g^gttgl`%t{jlmcgl`$ ~gt} el

{j`zhi{ {go ~ittj{l

#~{jfj{ikhw it :> d, }y,`{go

gl mehhzvgih relj} ilo{j}gozih evj{kz{ojl}1

t{jlmcj} im{e}} ce}t {ema} ef

dglj{ihg}itgel1

#ggO{ghhgl`$tj}tgl` it tpe

hjvjh}1

]t{gaj }~imgl` ef ke{jcehj}te kj :>$9>>d z~ te oj~tc

ef 9>>$9:>d1#ggg]id~hgl`$ }w}tjditgm

~gt} }id~hgl` #evj{ kz{ojl

ce{grel pg}j ilo t{jlmc


#gDi~~gl` el 92;>>> }mihj

e{ hi{`j{ }mihj1#gg^{j~i{itgel ef ojtighjo

te~e`{i~cgmih mzd`jehe`gmih di~( glmhzoglìhh }z{fimj jehe`gmih

fjitz{j} (jstjlt ef

oj~e}gt(hemitgel ef t{jlmcj}(

~gt}( ke{jcehj}( jehe`gmih

~hil ilo}jmtgel} ef

js~he{ite{w dglgl`,

;,@jemcjdgmih2 Ojtighjohgtce$`jemcjdgmih ilihw}g},

=,@je~cw}gmih 2 Ojtighjo}z{vjw gf ljmj}}i{w ilo

}~jmgfgm ke{jcehj

`je~cw}gmih }tzogj},

?,_jmclehe`gmih 2

#g O{ghhgl`$}z{fimj o{ghhgl`

it :>$9>d }jmtgel gltj{vih}

gl= $? hjvjh}( =>$6>d s 7>d

vj{tgmihhw i~i{t te t{imj ilogltj{}jmt dglj{ihg}jo relj}1

zloj{ {ezlo o{ghhgl` i}ilo pcjl ljmj}}i{w1

#gg]id~hgl` $ me{j ilo

}hzo`j (kzha ilo mcilljh

}id~hj} fe{ ~{emj}}gl`tjmclehe`w kzha }id~hj} fe{

~ghet ~hilt%kjlmc }mihj

glvj}tgìtgel1

#gggJs~he{ite{w dglgl` $ =

e{ de{j hjvjh} evj{ tcj

jltg{j e{ ~i{t }t{gaj hjl`tcef e{j keow it =>d hjvjh

gltj{vih ilo ihel` og~it }zgtikhj gltj{vih},


25/32

;:

3, _cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevj


fe{ @$=,

dglj{ihg}itgel1 ih}e f{ed

~gt} ilo t{jlmcj} el tcj

ki}g} ef hgtcehe`gmih

cede`jlgtw1 mhe}j{ }~imjo

}t{jid }jogdjlt} }id~hgl`#;$= }id~hj} ~j{ }y, adfe{ fz{tcj{ li{{epglòepl ti{`jt i{ji}1

#gvMe{j }id~hgl`,

:, ^jt{e`{i~cgm ilo

dglj{i`{i~cgm2

#g^jt{e`{i~cgm }tzow ef

{ema} ef tcj oj~e}gt ilo gt}

}z{{ezlogl`( ihtj{itgel}

# gf ilw i}}emgitjo pgtcdglj{ihg}itgel1

#ggOjtj{dglitgel ef ~ci}jgl pcgmc tcj dglj{ih efgltj{j}t emmz{}1

#gggDglj{ihe`gmih }tzogj}glmhzogl` ~i{i`jlj}g}(


esgoitgel gf ilw( ilo

~{gdi{w relj}( `{igl }grj

og}t{gkztgel( evj{ ihh


dglj{ih},

}id~hgl` #hgtcehe`gmih

oedigl pg}j( me{j

}id~hgl`,

:, ^jt{e`{i~cgm2#g[jfglgl` ef oiti el tcj~jt{e`{i~cgm mci{imtj{} ef{ema}( glmhzogl` }tzow ef

`{igl }grj( tjstz{j( ìl`zj}

jtm1

#ggFz{tcj{ {jfglgl` ef oiti,

:, ^jt{e`{i~cgm2#g[jfglgl` ef oiti el tcj

~jt{e`{i~cgm mci{imtj{} ef

{ema}( glmhzogl` }tzow ef

`{igl }grj( tjstz{j( ìl`zj}ilo gt} hgkj{itgel jtm1#ggFz{tcj{ {jfglgl` ef oiti,

FJI]GKGHG_W ISG]

F =#@jehe`gmih ]tzow ' F ;#^{jfji}gkghgtw ]tzow' F9#Fji}gkghgtw ]tzow'

9,@jehe`gmih ilo {jhitjo }tzow2#g@jehe`w ef i{ji( {jmellig}}ilmj

~ci}j te ojtighjo ~ci}j js~he{itgel

`zgojo kw

`jemcjdgmih( je~cw}gmih }z{vjw1`jehe`gmih di~} ojihgljitgl`

dglj{ihg}jo relj} ilo gt} jstjlt(

hgtcehe`w( melt{eh}( zgoj}(

dglj{ihe`gmih( mcjdgmih ilihwtgmihoiti1#gg]tzogj} el idjlikghgtw te

kjljfgmgitgel1

#gggGlf{i}t{zmtz{j1

#gvJlvg{eldjltih$ djtje{ehe`gmih

ilo ~{jhgdgli{w jmehe`gmih oiti( gf

~e}}gkhj,


tcil tcit {jyzg{jo fe{ F ;,

9,@jehe`w2@jehe`w ef i{ji( ojtighjo

js~he{itgel( mhe}jo }~imjo o{ghhgl` gl

~{e}~jmt gl ;$= hjvjh} fe{ ojhgljitgel

ef ce}t {ema keow 1ke{jcehj}( mcilljh( kzha }id~hj} fe{

kjljfgmgitgel tj}t,

;, Dglgl`$ Vgikhj djtceo}$ojtigh}ef js~he{ite{w dglgl` oiti({jmevj{gj} j}tgditj}( dil~epj{

ojtigh},

=, Jlvg{eldjlt$ Ki}jhglj oiti(

~etjltgih mel}t{iglt} ilo ilihw}g} ef

~e}}gkhj gd~imt} %ciri{o},

?, ^{emj}}gl`$ ^{evjl ~ghet ~hilt

glvj}tgìtgel}( fz{tcj{ fehhep z~ fe{

vgikghgtw,

9,@jehe`w2@jehe`w ef i{ji( ojtighjo js~he{itgel(

mhe}jo }~imj o{ghhgl` gl ~{e}~jmt gl ;$=

hjvjh} fe{ ojhgljitgel ef ce}t {ema keow(

e{j keow deojhhgl`1ke{jcehj} mcilljh kzha }id~hj} fe{

kjljfgmgitgel( jetjmclgmih ilo {ezlo

pitj{ &}z{fimj pitj{ }tzogj},

;,Dglgl`$ djtceo} ef dglgl`( dglj~hil( dglj {jmevj{gj} ilo gt} dghhgl`

mci{imtj{g}tgm}1

js~hegtitgel ~hil ~{jfj{ikhw pgtc

js~he{ite{w dglgl` }mcjdj(

dil~epj{ ojtigh},

=,Jlvg{eldjltih$ JGI%JD^(glmhzogl` }emge$jmeledgm gd~imt(

{jcikghgtitgel ef ~{ebjmt iffjmtjo

~j{}el} (pi}tj og}~e}ih%{jmhiditgel,


26/32

;6

:,Glf{i}t{zmtz{j( }j{vgmj} ilomel}t{zmtgel imtgvgtgj}2 K{gjf ojtigh},

6,Me}tgl`$ Mi~gtih ilo e~j{itgl` me}t

j}tgditj} pgtc hgajhw k{jia$z~,

0,Di{ajtgl`$ Il evj{vgjp( ojdilo}z~~hw {jhitgel}( gloz}t{w }t{zmtz{j,

3,Jmeledgm vgikghgtw2 ^{jhgdgli{w

}tzow ef mi}c fhep fe{jmi}t,


~{evg}gel} {jhitgl` te hikez{ ( hilo (

dglgl` (tisitgel( jtm,

?,^{emj}}gl`$ i Fe{ tgl$ tzl`}tjl(

dehwkojlzd $ojtigh} ef ~{evjl ~ghet

~hilt }mihj glvj}tg`itgel} el kzha

}id~hj}( mcee}gl` ef }zgtikhj

~{emj}}gl` t{jitdjlt kw gloz}t{gih }mihjtj}tgl`( tighgl`} ilo jffhzjlt og}~e}ih~hil}( ~hilt hiwezt( jyzg~djlt hg}t1k Fe{ `jd}telj}$ }tzogj} el

idjlikghgtw te mzttgl`( ~ehg}cgl` jtm

:,Glf{i}t{zmtz{j( ztghgtgj} ilomel}t{zmtgel imtgvgtgj}2 Fzhh ojtigh},

6, Me}tgl`$ Ojtighjo mi~gtih ilo

e~j{itgl` me}t( ihel` pgtc k{jia z~,

0, Di{ajtgl`$ Il evj{vgjp ( }~jmgfgm

di{ajt i}~jmt},

3, Jmeledgm vgikghgtw$ Mi}c fhep

fe{jmi}t( glfhitgel jffjmt}( }jl}gtgvgtw}tzogj},

7, Etcj{ fimte{}2 2 ]titzte{w ~{evg}gel}

{jhitgl` te hikez{( hilo ( dglgl` (

tisitgel( jtm,

JMELEDGM ISG]



`jehe`gmih }tzow( {ez`c j}tgditj}

ef `{ioj} #diw kj kjhep jmeledgm

mzt$eff( jlj{ih goji ikezt fe{j}t

%lel $ fe{j}t ilo hilo z}j }titz},;,_cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevj e{ hj}}

tcil tcit {jyzg{jo fe{ J$;,


;, ]~jmgfgm jlo$z}j `{ioj} ef

{j}j{vj} #ikevj%di{`glihhw kjhep

jmeledgm mzt$eff {ioj,=, @jlj{ih alephjo`j ef fe{j}t%lel$



;,Dglgl` {j~e{t%dglgl` ~hil%pe{agl`

dglj},=, ]~jmgfgm jlo$z}j {ioj} ef {j}j{vj}

#ikevj jmeledgm mzt$eff `{ioj,?, ]~jmgfgm alephjo`j ef fe{j}t%lel$



27/32

;0

VG, ^himj{ ilo [j}gozih Dglj{ih Oj~e}gt} ef Cghh ilo Vihhjw Pi}c

Mci{imtj{g}tgm} ef Oj~e}gt

Jhzvgih( mehhzvgih ilo ihhzvgih ~himj{ melmjlt{itgel ef cjivw djtih} ilo dglj{ih}( ~jkkhj ilo mekkhj( kezhoj{ kjo}(`{ivjh kjo} gl ihhzvgzd ilo mehhzvgzd( mel`hedj{itj}( feetcghh} fil oj~e}gt}( `{igl }grj f{ed jst{jdjhw fglj }t{gitjo

ditj{gih te {ez`c te ~ehg}cjo kezhoj{},

^{glmg~ih aglo} ef Dglj{ih}^himj{ tgl ilo èho oj~e}gt}( delirgtj( ì{ljt( ghdjlgtj( {ztghj( ogidelo} gl mel`hedj{itj( fheit} ilo `{ivjh kjo} ef

me{zlozd( awilgtj( }ghhgdilgtj( fheit} ilo tihz} oj~e}gt} ef di`ljtgtj,

@JEHE@GMIH ISG]


9,Ij{gih {jmellig}}ilmj2

[jdetj }jl}gl`( ig{ke{lj`je~cw}gmih }z{vjw( jtm,

;,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw2Di~~gl` el 92 ;:(>>> e{

}dihhj{ }mihj},

=,@je$mcjdgmih }z{vjw2#g]t{jid }jogdjlt e{

evj{ kz{ojl }id~hgl`

iftj{ }jhjmtgel ef }gtj} ilo

djogi ef }id~hgl`1

#gg[jme{ogl` ef jede{$

~cehe`w( hilo fe{d jtm, gli k{eio piw,

?,@je~cw}gmih }z{vjw2@{ezlo je~cw}gmih}z{vjw ,

:,_jmclehe`gmih$

#g_{jlmcgl` $ let

j}}jltgih1

#gg^gttgl`%o{ghhgl`$z~te :

tj}t ~gt} %ke{jcehj} ~j{9>> }y, ad i{ji1

#ggg]id~hgl` }t{jid

}jogdjlt e{ ~himj{}jogdjlt }id~hgl` iloilihw}g}1 ~illgl` it

{iloed %cjivw dglj{ih

}tzogj},

6,^jt{e`{i~cgm ilo

dglj{i`{i~cgm}tzogj}2^{jhgdgli{w gojltgfgmitgel

ef jmeledgm dglj{ih},

0, ]wltcj}g} ef ihh

9,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw2#gDi~~gl` el 92;:(>>> te

92:(>>> }mihj oj~jloglèl tcj jstjlt ef ~etjltgihrelj1

#gg_{imgl` ef mei{}j

}jogdjlt} #j,`,kezhoj{}

jtm, js~e}z{j} gl jhzvgih

ilo mehhzvgih tj{{igl}1

#ggg@jede{~cgm ilihw}g} ef

tj{{igl1

#gvIlihw}g} ef cg}te{w efdglgl`( jtm,

;,@je$mcjdgmih }z{vjw2[j~{j}jltitgvj ~gt

}id~hgl`( ce{grel e{ hiwj{

pg}j( hi{`j ogidjtj{ ke{j

cehj} #e{ iz`j{ }id~hgl`

elj e{ tpe }jt} ef }id~hj}

fe{ jimc ojdi{mitjo

~etjltgih relj,

=,@je$~cw}gmih }z{vjw2@je$ ~cw}gmih }z{vjw gl

gojltgfgjo dglj{ihg}joi{ji},

?, _jmclehe`gmih 2

#g^gttgl`%t{jlmcgl` $ elj e{tpe ~j{ ~{e}~jmt1

#ggO{ghhgl` $ hi{`j ogidjtj{

e{ iz`j{ o{ghhgl` elj e{ tpe

~j{ ~{e}~jmt gf ljmj}}i{w1

#ggg]id~hgl` ilo ilihw}g}$

}w}tjditgm }t{jid}jogdjlt}%~himj{ }id~hgl`

#tpe te tc{jj }id~hj} ~j{}y,ad ilo ilihw}g},

9, @jehe`gmih }z{vjw2#gDi~~gl` el 92:(>>> te

92 9(>>> e{ hi{`j{ }mihj}pgtc t{gil`zhitgel }titgel}(kjlmc di{a}( gf ilw( ilo

fgozmgih} }cepl1

#gg_{imgl` ef fivez{ikhj

}jogdjlt ce{grel} gl

ojtigh1

#gggOjtighjo ilihw}g} ef

`je$de{~cehe`w ilo hilo

z}j1#gvHglagl` ef di~ }e

~{j~i{jo pgtc te~e `{go}1

#v]wltcj}g} ilo{j`gelih me{{jhitgel

ilo ilihe`w,

;, @je$mcjdgmih2[j~{j}jltitgvj hiwj{ pg}j

}id~hgl` f{ed ~gt}( ke{j

cehj} ilo iz`j{ o{ghh},

=, @je$~cw}gmih2 @je$~cw}gmih }z{vjw fe{

k{gl`gl` ezt tcj oj~tc efpjitcj{gl` e{ tcgmalj}} ef

evj{ kz{ojl gf {jyzg{jo,

?,_jmclehe`gmih 2#g^gttgl`2 El `{go ~ittj{l

ef ?>> d, s ?>> d, te :>

d, s :> d,1 emmi}gelih

ojj~ ~gt} #z~te 6 d,1

#gg_{jlmcgl`$ i} ~j{

{jyzg{jdjlt1#gggO{ghhgl` 2 }w}tjditgm

hi{`j ogidjtj{ o{ghhgl` it?>> d, s ?>> d, `{go e{

iz`j{gl` it ;>> d, s ;>>

d, te :> d, s :> d, `{go,

9, @jehe`gmih }z{vjw2#gDi~~gl` el

929>>> }mihj1#gg^{j~i{itgel ef jehe`gmihki}j di~ glmhzogl` ihh

`jehe`gmih fjitz{j}( jstjlt

ef oj~e}gt( }t{zmtz{j ilo

hemitgel ef ~gt} ilo t{jlmcj}

ilo ef iz`j{$o{ghh$cehj}(

i}}iw ~hil,

;,@je$mcjdgmih2

]w}tjditgm `{go ~ittj{l

}id~hgl` ilo ilihw}g},

=,@je$~cw}gmih }z{vjw2 gf

ljmj}}i{w,

?,_jmclehe`gmih 2#g^gttgl` it }dihhj{ tcil :>

d `{go1

#gg_{jlmcgl` $ i} ljmj}}i{w1

#gggO{ghhgl` $ #i iz`j{

o{ghhgl` it :> d `{go(#k fe{ kz{gjo ~himj{

oj~e}gt} ojj~ o{ghhgl`ljmj}}i{w1

#gv]id~hgl` $ mhe}jo `{go

~ittj{l ~himj{ }id~hgl` gl

gojltgfgjo ~{e}~jmt} it:>s:> d e{ }dihhj{

`{go1Cepjvj{ fe{ kjimc

}ilo dglj{ih}( }id~hgl` kw

iz`j{ e{ gd~{evg}jo vj{}gel

ef o{ghhgl` jyzg~djlt it

;>>d s:>d te 9>>d s;:dgl `{go ~ittj{l,

#vMehhjmtgel ef ikgetgm `je$jlvg{eldjltih ~i{idjtj{},


28/32

;3


3, _cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevj


fe{ @$=,

:' ^jt{e`{i~cgm ilo

dglj{e`{i~cgm }tzogj}2Dglj{ih ~ci}j} ilo

ojhjtj{gez} mel}tgtzjlt}gojltgfgmitgel( {igl }grjilihw}g},

Cepjvj{ fe{ kjimc }ilo

dglj{ih}( iz`j{gl` it

?>>ds9>>d `{go ilo

}id~hgl` ihel` {go ~{efghj

evj{ tetih pgotc ,Oj~tcpg}j }id~hgl` efke{jcehj} it 9d gltj{vih,#gv]id~hgl` ilo ilihw}g}2

^himj{ }id~hgl` gl

gojltgfgjo ~{e}~jmt}(

cwo{izhgmagl` ( }hzgmgl`(

~illgl` ilo fehhep$z~

hike{ite{w }mihj }j~i{itgel

ilo tj}tgl` ilo ilihw}g} ef

melmjlt{itj} f{ed kzha

}id~hj},

:,^jt{e`{i~cgm ilodglj{i`{i~cgm }tzogj}2Fz{tcj{ {jfgljdjlt ef

~jt{e`{i~cgm ilodglj{i`{i~cgm oiti(

hike{ite{w }mihj }tzogj} el

{jmevj{ikghgtw,

:, ^jt{e`{~icgm ilo dglj${i`{i~cgm }tzogj}2

[jfglgl` ef oiti el

~jt{e`{i~cgm mci{imtj{ ef{ema} glmhzogl` }tzow ef`{igl }grj tjstz{j}(i}}emgitjo ìl`zj} ilo

melmjlt{itj {jmevj{gj},

FJI]GKGHG_W ISG]

F = #@jehe`gmih ]tzow ' F; #^{j$fji}gkhgtw ]tzow' F9# Fji}gkhgtw ]tzow'

9, @jehe`gmih ilo {jhitjo }tzow2

#g@jehe`gmih di~ ojhgljitgl`kezhoj{ relj}(jhzvgih% mehhzvgih

tj{{igl ~himj{} ilo {jme lgtgel ef`je$de{~cehe`gmih }t{zmtz{j ilo gt}

ilihw}g}1

#gg]z{fimj }egh tj}tgl`1

#ggg^gt ilo t{jlmc }id~hgl` it

vi{gez} `{go gltj{vih}1

#gvOjhgljitgel ef ~iw relj}

tc{ez`c ~gt%iz`j{ }id~hgl` ilo gt}ilihwtgmih oiti1 melmjlt{itj

{jmevj{gj} tc{ez`c ~illgl`( etcj{

~cw}gmih }j~i{itgel djtceo}1

#vGlf{i}t{zmtz{j1#vgJlvg{eldjltih 2Djtje{ehe gmihilo ~{jhgdgli{w jmehe`gmih oiti ef

tcj i{ji( gf ~e}}gkhj,

;,_cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevj e{ hj}}

tcil tcit {jyzg{jo fe{ F$;,

9, @jehe`w2@jehe`w ef i{ji( `jlj{ih te ojtighjo

js~he{itgel kw ~gttgl` gl `{go} gl

deoj{itj te mhe}j }~imjo gltj{vih}1{jmevj{gj} tc{ez`c ~cw}gmih

}j~i{itgel j, , ~illgl` ilo gt}

ilihwtgmih oiti el melmjlt{itj

{jmevj{gj},

;,Dglgl` 2 Djtceo} ef dglgl`( ~{j$

~{eozmtgel ~hil( dil~epj{{jyzg{jdjlt} tc{ez`c {ez`c

j}tgditj},

=,Jlvg{eldjltih 2 JD^ pgtc}~jmgih jd~ci}g} el `je$cwo{ehe wilo cwo{ehe`w,

?, ^{emj}}gl` $ ^ghet ~hilt%hike{ite{w

}mihj glvj}tgìtgel}( ~e}}gkghgtgj} ef

}jttgl` z~ ef ~hilt,

:, Glf{i}t{zmtz{j( mel}t{zmtgel jtm$ K{gjf ojtigh},

6,Me}tgl` Mi~gtih ilo e~j{itgl`

me}t}${ez`c j}tgditj} ki}jo el

9,@jehe`w2

@jehe`w ef i{ji1ojtighjo%`jlj{ih js~he{itgel kw

~gttgl` ilo iz`j{ o{ghhgl` gl `{go~ittj{l it mhe}jo gltj{vih}1

~illgl` (melmjlt{itj {jmevj{gj}

f{ed tcj kjljfgmgitgel tj}t el ~ghet

~hilt }mihj%hike{ite{w }mihj ef kzha

}id~hj}( `jetjmclgmih ilo `{ezlo

&}z{fimj pitj{} }tzogj},

;,Dglgl` $ Djtceo} ef dglgl`(

dglgl` ~hil(ojtigh ef

dil~epj{(jyzg~djlt hg}t,

=,Jlvg{eldjltih2JGI%JD^ glmhzogl` }emge$ jmeldgm

gd~imt({jcikghgtitgel ef ~{ebjmt

iffjmtjo ~j{}el} pgtc ojtigh} ef

pi}tj og}~e}ih%{jmhiditgel( ojtighjo

hilo z}j oiti,

?,^{emj}}gl` $ ^{evjl( ~ghet~hilt%gloz}t{gih }mihj hjvjh

glvj}tgìtgel}( ~hilt hiwezt(

jlvg{edjltih mel}goj{itgel} $

og}~e}ih ef ~himj{ ditj{gih%cilohgl`


29/32

;7

med~i{ikhj dglgl` e~j{itgel},

0, Di{ajtgl` $ Il evj{vgjp el

di{ajtgl` i}~jmt}( ojdilo }z~~hw{jhitgel}( ilo gloz}t{w }t{zmtz{j,

3,Jmeledgm vgikghgtw $^{jhgdgli{w

}tzow ef mi}c fhep fe{jmi}t,


~{evg}gel} {jhitgl` te hikez{( hilo (


~hil( jffhzjlt t{jitdjlt jtm1 ojtigh}

ef jyzg~djlt {jyzg{jo,

:,Glf{i}t{zmtz{j( mel}t{zmtgel( jtm2

Fzhh ojtigh}

6, Me}tgl` $ Mi~gtih me}t} pgtc k{jiaz~ ojtigh} ef mi~gtih ilo e~j{itgl`

me}t}( pe{agl` mi~gtih,

0, Di{ajtgl` $ Il evj{vgjp(

gloz}t{w }t{zmtz{j ilo }~jmgfgm

di{ajt }tzogj},

3, Jmeledgm vgikghgtw $ Mi}c fhep

fe{jmi}t}( glfhitgel jffjmt} ilo}jl}gtgvgtw }tzogj},

7, Etcj{ fimte{}$ ]titzte{w~{evg}gel} {jhitgl` te hikez{( hilo (

dglgl`( tisitgel jtm,

JMELEDGM ISG]



`jehe`gmih }tzow( {ez`c j}tgditj}

ef `{ioj} #diw kj kjhep jmeledgm

mzt eff( `jlj{ih goji ikeztfe{j}t %lel fe{j}t ilo hilo z}j

}titz},


tcil tcit {jyzg{jo fe{ J;,


7, ]~jmgfgm jlo$z}j `{ioj} ef{j}j{vj} #ikevj di{`glihhwkjhep jmeledgm mzt$eff

`{ioj,

=, @jlj{ih alephjo`j ef fe{j}t%lel$


7, Ojtighjo js~he{itgel,7, Dglgl` {j~e{t% dglgl`

~hil%pe{agl` dglj},

7, ]~jmgfgm jlo$z}j `{ioj} ef{j}j{vj} #ikevj jmeledgm

mzt$eff {ioj,

?, ]~jmgfgm alephjo`j ef fe{j}t%lel$fe{j}t ilo etcj{ hilo z}j oiti,


30/32

=>

VGG, Ogdjl}gel ]telj}

Mci{imtj{g}tgm} ef Oj~e}gt]z{fgmgih( emmi}gelihhw kezhoj{w e{ tikzhi{( ~i{thw pjitcj{jo( begltjo%f{imtz{jo( {jmevj{ikghgtw oj~jloilt el khema

}grj mce}jl vg}$$vg} beglt }~imgl` jtm( di{ajtikhj it kzwj{} mcegmj( idjlikhj te èeo ~ehg}c pgtc ij}tcjtgm mehez{

e{ mehez{ medkglitgel,

^{glmg~ih aglo} ef dglj{ih}Mehez{jo vi{gjtgj}( glmhzogl` `{ilgtj}( }wjlgtj}( }mcg}t}( di{khj}( }hitj} ilo }ilo}telj( dg`ditgtgj}( jtm1 khima

vi{gjtgj} glmhzogl` owaj {ema}( j,`1 oge{gtj( oehj{gtj( ìkk{e( jtm,1 }ghh}( ~hz`}( kitcehgtc} jtm, j,`,( ile{tce}gtj}(

ìkk{e( jtm,

@JEHE@GMIH ISG]

@? #[jmellig}}ilmj' @= #^{e}~jmtgl`'

@;

#@jlj{ih Js~he{itgel' @9#Ojtighjo Js~he{itgel'

9,Ij{gih {jmellig}}ilmj2[jdetj }jl}gl`( ig{ke{lj


7, @jehe`gmih}z{vjw2 Di~~gl`

el 92:>(>>> e{}dihhj{ }mihj},

=,@je$mcjdgmih }z{vjw2

Let {jyzg{jo,

?, @je~cw}gmih}z{vjw2@{ezlo je~cw}gmih}z{vjw,

7, _jmclehe`gmih 2#g^gttgl` ilo

t{jlmcgl`2 let{jyzg{jo1

#gg]id~hgl` [iloed

`{ik} ef f{j}c {ema( elj e{

tpe }id~hj} ~j{ : }y, ad1

#ggg@je$tjmclgmih pe{a

beglt}%f{imtz{j} ojl}gtw ilo

~{jhgdgli{w i}}j}}djlt efkhemaikghgtw,

6,^jt{e`{i~cgm ilo etcj{}tzogj} 2#g^jt{e`{i~cgm}tzogj} $ let {jyzg{jo1

#ggDjiz}{jdjlt ef {ezlo

pitj{ tikhj let {jyzg{jo1

#gggDji}z{jdjlt ef `je$

jlvg{eldjltih ~i{idjtj{}

let {jyzg{jo,

7, ]wltcj}g} ef ihhivighikhj

oiti%melmj~t},

9,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw27, Di~~gl` el

92:>(>>> te92;:(>>> }mihj1

#gg^cete`jehe`w el

92;:(>>> e{ jyzgvihjlt

}mihj,

;,@je$mcjdgmih }z{vjw2

Gojltgfgmitgel ef

ojhjtj{gez} mel}tgtzjlt} ef

elj e{ tpe }id~hj} o{ipl

f{ed jimc ~{e}~jmt,


Let {jyzg{jo,

?,_jmclehe`gmih2$

#g^gttgl`%t{jlmcgl`%o{ghhgl` let

{jyzg{jo,

#gg]id~hgl` Elj `{ik ef

f{j}c {ema ~j{ ~{e}~jmt ef

~{jdgzd vi{gjtw1

#ggg@je$tjmclgmih

dji}z{jdjlt ef it hji}telj }id~hj ~j{ ~{e}~jmt

fe{ ojtj{dglitgel ef

}~jmgfgm `{ivgtw( ~e{e}gtw(pitj{ ik}e{~tgel(med~{j}}gvj }t{jl`tc ilo

tjl}ghj }t{jl`tc,

7, ^jt{e`{i~cgmilo etcj{}tzogj} 2

#g^jt{e`{i~cgm

}tzogj}$dglj{ihe`gmih

med~e}gtgel(

tjstz{j ilo dgm{e

9,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw2Di~~gl` el 92;:(>>> te

929>(>>> }mihj,

;,@je$mcjdgmih 2Gojltgfgmitgel ef

ojhjtj{gez} mel}tgtzjlt} efelj e{ tpe }id~hj} o{ipl

f{ed jimc ~{e}~jmt1

dji}z{jdjlt ef ikgetgm

`jejlvg{eldjltih

~i{idjtj{},

=,@je~cw}gmih }z{vjw 2let {jyzg{jo,

?,_jmclehe`gmih2#g^gttgl`%t{jlmcgl` 2elj

e{ tpe ~j{ ~{e}~jmt1#ggO{ghhgl` Elj e{ tpe

~j{ ~{e}~jmt #}mezt

o{ghhgl`1

#ggg]id~hgl` ]id~hj

ojl}gtw tpe te tc{jj `{ik}

~j{ ~{e}~jmt1

#gv@je$tjmclgmih fz{tcj{ {jfgljdjlt ef

khemaikghgtw oiti ilo

~ehg}cgl` glojsdji}z{jdjlt,

:,^jt{e`{i~cgm iloetcj{ }tzogj} 2

#g^jt{e`{i~cgm }tzogj}$

dglj{ihe`gmih

med~e}gtgel( tjstz{j ilo

dgm{e }t{zmtz{j }tzow ef

jimc vi{gilt gl i ~{e}~jmt1#gg@{ezlo pitj{ tikhj2

dji}z{jdjlt it jimc

~{e}~jmt,

9,@jehe`gmih }z{vjw27, Di~~gl` el 929>>>>

e{ hi{`j{ }mihj1#gg^{j~j{itgel ef ojtighjo

te~e`{i~cgmih$ mzd

`jehe`gmih di~( glmhzogl` ihh

}z{fimj jehe`gmih fjitz{j}(beglt ~ittj{l}( f{imtz{j ojl}gtw

jtm,1

#gggOjhgljitgel ef khemaikhj

ogdjl}gel }telj relj}% i{ji},

;,@jemcjdgmih 2

Gojltgfgmitgel ef ojhjtj{gez}mel}tgtzjlt}1 dji}z{jdjlt ef

ikgetgm jejlvg{eldjltih~i{idjtj{},

=,@je~cw}gmih 2Let {jyzg{jo

?,_jmclehe`gmih2#g^gttgl`%t{jlmcgl` let

{jyzg{jo1

#ggO{ghhgl`$

Elj e{ tpe ~j{ ~{e}~jmt1#ggg@je$tjmclgmih

dji}z{jdjlt ef med~{j}}gvj

}t{jl`tc( tjl}ghj }t{jl`tc(t{ivj{}j}t{jl`tc( ik{i}gel tj}t( }~jmgfgm

`{ivgtw(ojl}gtw( ~e{e}gtw(

ik}e{~tgel( ~ehg}cgl` glojs,

:,^jt{e`{i~cgm ilo etcj{}tzogj} 2

#gMehez{( `{ilzhi{gtw(

glmhz}gel}( tjstz{j ilodgm{e}t{zmtz{j }tzow,

#gg@{ezlo pitj{ tikhj2

dji}z{jdjlt it jimc ~{e}~jmt,


31/32


32/32

=;

JMELEDGM ISG]

J=#Glt{gl}gmihhwJmeledgm' J; #^etjltgihhw Jmeledgm' J9 #Jmeledgm'

9,[jmellig}}ilmj te ojtighjo`jehe`gmih }tzow( {ez`c

j}tgditj} ef mehez{jo ilolel mehez{jo vi{gjtgj}(

`jlj{ih goji ikezt fe{j}t

%lel $ fe{j}t ilo hilo z}j

}titz},

;, _cj imtgvgtgj} i} ikevj e{


J;,

9,@jlj{ih ilo ojtighjo js~he{itgel,;,[ez`c gojltgfgmitgel ef

di{ajtikhj vi{gjtgj},=, @jlj{ih alephjo`j ef fe{j}t%lel$


9,Ojtighjo js~he{itgel,;,Dglgl` {j~e{t%dglgl` ~hil%pe{agl`

dglj},=, ]~jmgfgm gojltgfgmitgel ef di{ajtikhj

vi{gjtgj},

?,]~jmgfgm alephjo`j ef fe{j}t%lel$


MEL_[EHHJ[ @JLJ[IHGLOGIL KZ[JIZ EF DGLJ]

QF, Le, ;9:#9'%ZLFM%DJ#G'%;>>= OI_JO >=,>6,;>>=T

classification of mineral reserves and resources (un)

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