class2 malocclusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by indian dental academy

CLASS 2 MALOCCLUSON

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CLASSIFICATION OF CLASS II MALOCCLUSION


PURPOSE OF CLASSIFICATION

• To localize and quantify any possible skeletal contribution to class2 malocclusion

•To identify dental displacement associated with the class2 malocclusion.

•To assign the patient to one of the class2 types


MOYERS CLASSIFICATION

Six Horizontal types

Five vertical types


HORIZONTAL TYPES

Type A Type B Type C Type D Type E Type F

Normal skeletal ,but class2 dental

Syndromal types of class2

Mild skeletal features


TYPE-A (Dental class2) Normal skeletal

profile Mand dentition

placed normally to its base

Max dentition is protracted resulting in class2 molar relation

Increased over-jet and over-bite


TYPE-B (Max excess)

Mid-face prominence

Normal mandible


TYPE-C

Retrognathic max and mandible

Smaller facial dimension

Dental protrusion

More in females


TYPE-D

Max and mand retrognatism

Max dental protrusion


TYPE-E

Max prognathism and dental protrusion

Mand dental protrusion


TYPE-F

It is a large heterogeneous group with mild skeletal class2 tendencies

It is a milder form of types B,C,D,E.


VERTICAL TYPES

The five vertical types are not as clearly differentiated as the four syndromal horizontal types


TYPE-1 (Steep mandibular plane or high angle case)

Mand plane and occlusal plane are steeper than normal

Palate tipped down

ACB tipped up


TYPE-2 “ Square face”

MP,PP,OP and ACB are more horizontal


TYPE-3

PP tipped up ant

Dec ant face ht

Open bite


TYPE-4

PP,MP,OP all are tipped down leaving lip line high

Horz B


TYPE-5

PP tipped down ant

Deep bite


CLASS 2

Skeletal

Dental


A skeletal Class II - fault with the maxillaA skeletal Class II - fault with the maxilla


A skeletal Class II - fault with the mandibleA skeletal Class II - fault with the mandible


A skeletal Class II - verticalA skeletal Class II - vertical


DENTAL CLASS-2

Maxillary Dental protrusion

Mesial drift of the maxillary first permanent molars

Congenital disease or loss of the primary teeth

Ectopic molar eruption

Interarch tooth size discrepancy

Affects only lips


Treatment of class 2

Primary dentition

Pre-adolescents

Adolescents

Adults


Pre school children (primary dentition)

Distal step Mesial step Flush terminal

Mandibular deficiency can be recognized by age 3www.indiandentalacademy.com

Growth modification can be used to correct distal step easily

As growth continues the discrepancy tends to recur as quickly as it was corrected.( both AP and Vertical skeletal discrepancy)

Except in most severe case it is unwise to begin treatment


Treatment of pre-adolescent children's


In early years of 20th century

Pressure against growing face( head gear )

• Angle introduced class 2 elastics to position mandible forward

•At later stage in US fixed guide planes were used to force pts to advance the mandible upon closure

With advent of ceph it became clear that both elastics and guide planes corrected class2 by mand dental protrusion


Head gear was re-introduced in 1940s ceph analysis clearly demonstrated not only

retraction of upper teeth but also effects on max growth

In Europe efforts to stimulate mandibular growth led to the devt of a family of “functional appliances”.


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class2 malocclusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by indian dental academy

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