Class Outline: Posterior Anatomy

  5 minutes Breath of Arrival and Attendance

  5 minutes Howdy Partner

  35 minutes Posterior Anatomy using Power Point Presentation

◦  5 minutes Overview of skeletal segments

◦  5 minutes Quick drawing of the superficial muscles (Salvo page 420)

◦  25 minutes Review each skeletal segment adding muscle names, origins, insertions

  10 minutes OIA’s

Classroom Rules Punctuality- everybody's time is precious:

◦  Be ready to learn by 9:00, we'll have you out of here by 1:30

◦  Tardiness: arriving late, late return after breaks, leaving early

The following are not allowed:

◦  Bare feet

◦  Side talking

◦  Lying down

◦  Inappropriate clothing

◦  Food or drink except water

◦  Phones in classrooms, clinic or bathrooms

You will receive one verbal warning, then you'll have to leave the room.

Posterior Anatomy Names, locations, and shapes of muscles

Posterior Skeletal Segments Giving names to the bones on the back of the body.

Posterior Anatomy As we explore the skeletal segments, label them with the images supplied.

The Big Picture

Head Bones: skull or cranium

Neck Bones: cervical spine

Trunk Bones: thoracic spine, lumbar spine, and rib cage

Shoulder Girdle Bones: collar bone (clavicle) and shoulder blade (scapula)

Arm (upper extremity) Bones: arm bone (humerus), forearm bones (radius and ulna), and hand bones

Pelvic Girdle Bones: pelvic bones and tail bone (sacrum and coccyx)

Thigh Bones: thigh bone (femur)

Leg Bones: lower leg bones (tibia and fibula)

Foot Bones: heel bone (calcaneus), and lots of others

Posterior Muscles Giving names, shapes and locations to muscles

Let’s draw the superficial muscles!

Head These muscles will be covered in Class 11a: Muscles of the Head / Neck

Neck Muscle: upper trapezius Origin: skull and cervical spine Insertion: shoulder girdle (scapulae)

Neck Muscle: upper trapezius (upper traps) Origin: skull and cervical spine Insertion: shoulder girdle (scapulae)

Trunk Thorax and Lumbar Vertebrae

Trunk Muscle: middle trapezius (middle traps) Origin: thoracic spine Insertion: shoulder girdle (scapulae)

Trunk Muscle: lower trapezius (lower traps) Origin: thoracic spine Insertion: shoulder girdle (scapulae)

Trunk Muscle: rhomboids Origin: thoracic spine Insertion: shoulder girdle (scapulae)

Trunk Muscle: levator scapula Origin: cervical spine Insertion: shoulder girdle (scapulae)

Overview and Layers of the Trunk trapezius levator scapula rhomboids

serratus anterior

Trunk Muscle: erector spinae (back strap muscles or spinal erectors) Origin: pelvis, spine, and ribs (lower) Insertion: upper spine and ribs, and skull

Trunk Muscle: latissimus dorsi (lats) Origin: pelvis, thoracic and lumbar spine Insertion: upper arm (proximal humerus)

Other stuff

let’s zoom in . . .

Other stuff that we’ll study later teres major infraspinatus teres minor

Arm

Arm Muscle: deltoid (posterior deltoid) Origin: shoulder girdle Insertion: arm (humerus)

Arm Muscle: deltoid (posterior, middle, and anterior) Origin: shoulder girdle Insertion: arm (humerus)

Arm Muscle: triceps brachii (triceps) Origin: shoulder girdle Insertion: proximal forearm (ulna)

Arm Muscle: triceps brachii (triceps) Origin: shoulder girdle Insertion: proximal forearm (ulna)

Forearm Muscle: forearm extensors Origin: proximal arm (humerus) Insertion: fingers

Pelvis Gluteal muscles

Pelvis Muscle: gluteus maximus Origin: sacrum and upper (proximal) pelvis Insertion: upper thigh (proximal femur)

Pelvis Muscle: gluteus medius Origin: upper (proximal) pelvis Insertion: upper thigh (proximal femur)

Pelvis gluteus medius gluteus maximus

Thigh Hamstrings

Thigh Muscle: biceps femoris (lateral hamstring) Origin: Insertion:

Thigh Muscle: semitendinosus (medial hamstring) Origin: Insertion:

Thigh Muscle: semimembranosus (medial hamstring) Origin: Insertion:

Layering and Positioning of Thigh Muscles semimembranosus is deep to semitendinosus biceps femoris is lateral to semitendinosus and semimembranosus

Other stuff that we will study later adductors (from pelvis to femur) iliotibial band (from pelvis to tibia)

Leg Calf muscles, or calves

Leg Muscle: gastrocnemius (gastroc) Origin: lower thigh (distal femur) Insertion: heel bone (calcaneus)

Leg Muscle: soleus Origin: leg (tibia and fibula) Insertion: heel bone (calcaneus)

Layering of Leg Muscles gastrocnemius (superficial) soleus (deep)

Introducing the concepts of OIA Where do muscles begin and end? What do they do?

Where are the hamstrings?

The hamstrings are here . . . Let’s zoom in.

Please turn to packet page II-33

OIA’s (origin, insertion, and action)

Belly The wide central portion of a skeletal muscle.

Tendon Cord-like structure anchoring the end of a muscle to a bone.

Origin Tendinous muscle attachment on the less movable bone.

Insertion Tendinous muscle attachment on the more movable bone.

Action The movement caused by the contraction of a muscle.

Biceps Femoris

Origin: •  Ischial tuberosity •  Linea aspera of femur

Insertion: •  Head of fibula

Actions: •  Flex the knee •  Extend the hip

Resource Pages Salvo: 538 Trail Guide: 311-313 Coloring Book: 55

Semitendinosus

Origin: •  Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: •  Medial proximal tibia

(AKA: pes anserinus)

Actions: •  Flex the knee •  Extend the hip

Resource Pages Salvo: 538 Trail Guide: 311-313 Coloring Book: 55

Semimembranosus

Origin: •  Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: •  Posterior medial tibial condyle

Actions: •  Flex the knee •  Extend the hip

Resource Pages Salvo: 537 Trail Guide: 311-313 Coloring Book: 55

Hamstrings: the posterior thigh muscles

Posterior Anatomy Names, locations, and shapes of muscles