MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq cZvKv

MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq cZvKvq Nb meyR i‡Oi Ici D`xqgvb m~‡h©i i‡Oi GKwU jvje„Ë _vK‡e|

cZvKv wbg©v‡Yi wbqgvewj

ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ‡¯’i AbycvZ 10: 6| A_©vr hw` ˆ`N©¨ 305 †m.wg. (10 dzU) nq, cÖ¯’ 183 †m.wg.(6 dzU) n‡e| jvj e„ËwUi e¨vmva© cZvKvi ˆ`‡N©¨i cuvP fv‡Mi GK fvM| cZvKvi ˆ`‡N©¨i 20fv‡Mi 9 fv‡M GKwU j¤^ (Lvov mij‡iLv) Uvb‡Z n‡e| Zvici cÖ‡¯’i wVK A‡a©K fv‡M ˆ`‡N©¨im‡½ mgvš—ivj K‡i Avi GKwU †iLv Uvb‡Z n‡e| GB `ywU †iLvi †Q` we›`yB n‡e e„ËwUi†K›`ªwe› y|

fe‡b e¨env‡ii Rb¨(fe‡bi AvKvi I AvqZb Abyhvqx)305 †m.wg. x 183 †m.wg. (10' x 6')152 †m.wg. x 91 †m.wg. (5' x 3')76 †m.wg. x 46 †m.wg. (212' x 112' )

Avgvi †mvbvi evsjv, Avwg †Zvgvq fv‡jvevwm|wPiw`b †Zvgvi AvKvk, †Zvgvi evZvm, Avgvi cÖv‡Y evRvq euvwk \

I gv, dvMy‡b †Zvi Av‡gi e‡b NÖv‡Y cvMj K‡i,gwi nvq, nvq †i-

I gv, ANÖv‡b †Zvi fiv †¶‡Z Avwg Kx †`‡LwQ gayi nvwm \

Kx †kvfv, Kx Qvqv †Mv, Kx †mœn, Kx gvqv †Mv-Kx AuuvPj weQv‡qQ e‡Ui g~‡j, b`xi K‚‡j K‚‡j|

gv, †Zvi gy‡Li evYx Avgvi Kv‡b jv‡M myavi g‡Zvgwi nvq, nvq †i-

gv, †Zvi e`bLvwb gwjb n‡j, I gv, Avwg bqbR‡j fvwm \-iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi

RvZxq msMxZ

Avgvi †mvbvi evsjv, Avwg †Zvgvq fv‡jvevwm|wPiw`b †Zvgvi AvKvk,

wPiw`b †Zvgvi AvKvk, †Zvgvi evZvm, Avgvi cÖv‡YI gv, Avgvi cÖv‡Y evRvq euvwk,

†mvbvi evsjv, Avwg †Zvgvq fv‡jvevwm \I gv, dvMy‡b †Zvi Av‡gi e‡b NÖv‡Y cvMj K‡i,

gwi nvq, nvq †i-I gv, dvMy‡b †Zvi Av‡gi e‡b NÖv‡Y cvMj K‡i,

I gv, ANÖv‡b †Zvi fiv †¶‡Z Kx †`‡LwQAvwg Kx †`‡LwQ gayi nvwm|

†mvbvi evsjv, Avwg †Zvgvq fv‡jvevwm \Kx †kvfv, Kx Qvqv †Mv, Kx †mœn, Kx gvqv †Mv-

Kx AuuvPj weQv‡qQ e‡Ui g~‡j, b`xi K‚‡j K‚‡j|gv, †Zvi gy‡Li evYx Avgvi Kv‡b jv‡M myavi g‡Zv,

gwi nvq, nvq †i-gv, †Zvi gy‡Li evYx Avgvi Kv‡b jv‡M myavi g‡Zv,

gv, †Zvi e`bLvwb gwjb n‡j, Avwg bqbI gv, Avwg bqbR‡j fvwm \

†mvbvi evsjv, Avwg †Zvgvq fv‡jvevwm \MvIqvi Rb¨ RvZxq msMx‡Zi c~Y©cvV

RvZxq msMxZ

MvIqvi Rb¨ RvZxq msMx‡Zi c~Y©cvV

RvZxq wk¶vµg I cvV¨cy¯ZK †evW© KZ…©K 2003 mvj †_‡KwØZxq †kªYxi cvV¨cy¯ZKi~‡c wba©vwiZ

Avgvi evsjv eBwØZxq fvM

iPbv†gvnv¤§` Ave`yj KvBDg

k¨vgjx AvKeibvwM©m AvLZvi

m¤cv`bvAvng` Kwei

RvZxq wk¶vµg I cvV¨cy¯ZK †evW©, XvKv

RvZxq wk¶vµg I cvV¨cy —K †evW©

69Ñ70, gwZwSj evwYwR¨K GjvKv, XvKvKZ…©K cÖKvwkZ

[ cÖKvkK KZ…©K me© ^Z¡ msiw¶Z ]

cÖ_g gy`ªY : A‡±vei, 2002

cybg©`ªY :

cÖ”Q` I wPÎv¼biwdKzj Bmjvg

cÖm½ K_v

cÖv_wgK wk¶vi ¸YMZ gvb Dbœq‡bi j‡¶¨ 1992 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k cÖv_wgK wk¶v¯Z‡i †hvM¨ZvwfwËKwk¶vµg cÖeZ©b Kiv nq| 2002 mvj ch©šZ GK hyM a‡i G wk¶vµg Abyhvqx cÖYxZ cy¯ZK I Ab¨vb¨cVb-cvVb mvgMÖx e¨eüZ n‡q Avm‡Q|cÖPwjZ G wk¶vµg g~j¨vqb I cwigvR©b Kivi Rb¨ PÆMÖvg, wm‡jU I ewikvj (Pwme) wefv‡MicÖv_wgK wk¶vi Dbœqb cÖKí (2q ch©vq), GbwmwUwe BDwbU, XvKv, GKwU we¯Z„Z Kg©cwiKíbv MÖnYK‡i| G cwiKíbvbyhvqx BDwbUwU cÖv_wgK wk¶vµg Ges cÖ_g I wØZxq †kªYxi cy¯ZK I Ab¨vb¨ cVb-cvVb mvgMÖx g~j¨vqb I cwigvR©b Kvh©µg (2001-2002) cwiPvjbv K‡i| G Kvh©µ‡gi Aax‡b cÖv_wgK¯Z‡ii wk¶vi j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨, cÖvwšZK †hvM¨Zv Ges cÖ_g I wØZxq †kªYxi Rb¨ welqwfwËKAR©‡bvc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv cybtwba©viY Kiv nq | Gi wfwˇZ wewfbœ wel‡qi bZzb MÖš’ I Ab¨vb¨ cVb-cvVb mvgMÖx cÖYqb Kiv nq| wØZxq cÖv_wgK wk¶v †m±i cÖKí G Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvq Avw_©K mnvqZvcÖ`vb K‡i|evsjv wel‡qi Rb¨ wPwýZ †kªYxwfwËK AR©‡bvc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zvi wfwˇZ Pwme wefv‡Mi cÖv_wgK wk¶viDbœqb cÖKí (2q ch©vq), GbwmwUwe BDwbU, XvKv, KZ©„K wbe©vwPZ Ges MYcÖRvZš�x evsjv‡`k miKv‡iicÖv_wgK I MYwk¶v wefvM KZ©„K Aby‡gvw`Z †jLKMY wØZxq †kªYxi Rb¨ bZzb evsjv cvV¨cy¯ZK ÔAvgvievsjv eBÕ wØZxq fvM iPbv K‡ib| Kg©kvjvi gva¨‡g †kªYxwk¶K, wk¶K cÖwk¶K, welqwe‡klÁ Iwk¶vµg we‡klÁ‡`i mnvqZvq eBwUi †hŠw³K g~j¨vqb m¤•bœ Kiv nq|cÖv_wgK ¯Z‡i wk¶vi evnb gvZ…fvlv esjv| G ¯Z‡ii wkï‡`i Rb¨ gvZ…fvlvq `¶Zv AR©b Acwinvh©|ZvB, cª_g †kªYxi evsjv eB‡qi mv‡_ wØZxq †kªYxi `~iZ¡ Kwg‡q G‡b G eBwU‡K h_vm¤¢e fvlv †kLviDc‡hvMx K‡i iPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| fvlv †kLvi PviwU `¶Zv - †kvbv, ejv, cov I †jLv| G PviwU `¶Zvwkïiv †hb cy‡ivcywi wbwðZfv‡e AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i, †m Rb¨ Zv‡`i eqm, †gav I MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv we‡ePbvK‡i gvZ…fvlvi †kªYxwfwËK AR©‡bvc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv¸‡jv cybtwba©vwiZ n‡q‡Q| G †hvM¨Zv¸‡jv †hbwk¶v_©xiv AvqË Ki‡Z cv‡i, g~jZ †m w`‡K †Lqvj †i‡L Ges Zv‡`i fvlvÁvb, kãfvÊvi I e¨eüZevK¨ixwZi w`‡K j¶ †i‡L wØZxq †kªYxi evsjv eBwU iPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wkL‡b wk¶v_©x‡`i AvMÖn m„wóI cvV mnR Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡`i cwiwPZ cwi‡ek †_‡K cvV¨vsk Pqb Ges iwOb Qwe ms‡hvRb Kivn‡q‡Q| avivevwnK Abykxjb I g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g fvlv †kLvi `¶Zv¸‡jv wk¶v_©xiv cy‡ivcwi AR©bKi‡Z cvij wK bv, Zv hvPvB‡qi Rb¨ cÖwZ cvV‡k‡l fvlvwfwËK Abykxjbx i‡q‡Q|AvaywbK Kjv-‡KŠkj e¨envi K‡i wkLb-‡kLv‡bv Kvh©vewj Kvh©Kifv‡e cwiPvjbvq wb‡`©kbv cÖ`v‡bij‡¶¨ wk¶K-ms¯‹iY cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| wk¶K-ms¯‹iY AbymiY K‡i wk¶KMY hw` †kªYxK‡¶cvV`vb K‡ib Ges wk¶v_©x‡`i mwµq AskMÖnY wbwðZ K‡ib, Zvn‡j Zviv cv‡V AvMÖnx n‡e Geswba©vwiZ †hvM¨Zv¸‡jv AR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv hvq|wk¶vµg Dbœqb GKwU avivevwnK cÖwµqv| ZvB, cvV¨ eB‡qi Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ fwel¨‡Z G cÖwµqv Ae¨vnZ_vK‡e|G eB iPbv, m¤cv`bv, gy`ªY I cÖKvkbvi wewfbœ ch©v‡q huviv mnvqZv K‡i‡Qb, Zuv‡`i mevB‡K RvbvBAvš�wiK K…ZÁZv I ab¨ev`| †h me †KvgjgwZ wkï‡`i Rb¨ eBwU iwPZ nj, Zviv DcK…Z n‡jBAvgv‡`i mKj cÖqvm mdj n‡e e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi|

cÖ‡dmi †gvt †gv¯Zdv KvgvjDwÏb†Pqvig¨vb

RvZxq wk¶vµg I cvV¨cy¯ZK †evW©, XvKv|

mƒwPcÎ

welq c„ôv

1. Avgvi cwiPq I wVKvbv 12. Qwe‡Z cwiwPZ cwi‡ek 23. Avgv‡`i Pvicv‡ki †jvKRb 34. Qwe‡Z K_v 45. Qov 56. mevB wg‡j Kwi KvR 87. Avwg ne 118. is dzj dj 149. †Kvb †`‡k 1710. ˆekvLx †gjv 2011. mevi my‡L 2512. wcuc‡o I NyNy 2713. Kv‡Ri †jvK 3214. `yLy wgqvi RxebK_v 3515. Avgvi cY 4116. †cvlv cÖvYxi RM‡Z 4417. †Uªb 5118. GKz‡k †deªyqvwi 5419. Avgv‡`i †QvU b`x 6020. w`b mßvn gvm eQi 6321. Avgv‡`i GB evsjv‡`k 6822. evi gv‡m Qq FZz 7123. MÖx‡®§i ycy‡i 7824. exi‡kªô bƒi †gvnv¤§` †kL 81

Avgvi bvg .............................................. Avgvi eqm .................

Avgvi gv‡qi bvg : .....................................................................

Avgvi evevi bvg : ......................................................................

Avgvi we`¨vj‡qi bvg : ................................................................

Avwg †h †kªYx‡Z cwo : ................................................................

Avgvi MÖv‡gi/kn‡ii bvg : ...........................................................

Avgvi †`‡ki bvg : ....................................................................

Avgvi cwiPq I wVKvbv

gy‡L gy‡L ewj I wkwL

Qwe‡Z cwiwPZ cwi‡ekQwe †`wL I ewj

¯‹z‡ji mgq n‡q †M‡Q| Avgiv mvwi †eu‡a `uvwo‡qAvgiv eBcÎ nv‡Z ¯‹z‡j hvw”Q| RvZxq msMxZ MvBwQ|

wk¶K e�¨vK‡ev‡W© wjL‡Qb| Avgiv †`LwQ|

Avgv‡`i Pvi cv‡ki †jvKRb

Qwe †`wL I ewj

bvRy : K…lK gv‡V avb KvU‡Q| kwd : H †`L, wiKkvIqvjvwiKkv Pvjvq|

gxiv : avb †_‡K Avgiv gxiv : wiKkvIqvjv Kv‡`iKx cvB ? wb‡q hv‡”Q ?

iwe : .................. bvRy : .........................iwe : .........................

gxiv : ‡XuwK‡Z Iiv Kx Ki‡Q ? kwd : wPwV nv‡Z †jvKwU †K ?

iwe : ‡XuwK‡Z avb fvb‡Q| iwe : WvKwcIb|

kwd : Iiv †XuwK‡Z Kx Ki‡Q ? gxiv : WvKwcIb Kx K‡i ?

bvRy : ........................... bvRy : WvKwcIb wPwV wewj K‡i|

Qwe‡Z cwiwPZ cwi‡ek

Qwe †`wL I ewj

evB‡i e„wó n‡”Q| gxbv GKv `uvwo‡q Av‡Q|`v`y evB‡i hv‡eb| gxbv‡K mv‡_ wb‡q Avgiv †Lwj|`v`y‡K QvZvUv GwM‡q w`B|

eo dzdy evwo G‡m‡Qb| bvwb‡K nvZ-cv †avIqviZuv‡K mvjvg RvbvB| cvwb †X‡j w`B|

QovAvnmvb nvexe

SvD‡qi kvLvq kb kb kbgvwU‡Z jvwUg eb eb eb

ev`jvi b`x ˆ_ ˆ_ ˆ_gv‡Qi evRvi ˆn ˆn ˆn|

XvwK‡`i XvK WygWygvWyg†g‡N Avi †g‡N ¸o~g¸o~g`yaKjvfvZ movZ movZ

AvKv‡ki evR Povr Povr|

Nvm e‡b mvc wnm wnm wnmKv‡b Kv‡b K_v wdm wdm wdm

KoK‡o PwU PUvm PUvm†i‡M‡g‡M Po Vvm Vvm Vvm|

†Lv‡ci cvqiv eKg eKgwe‡qgRwjk Mg Mg MgNv‡Ui Kjwm eyU eyU eyU

Avuav‡i Bu`yi KzU KzU KzU|†eov‡ji Qvbv g¨vI g¨vI g¨vI`y w`‡bi LyKz IuqvI IuqvI|

cvV wkwL

1. kã †R‡b wbB I bZzb K_v mvRvBev`jv - el©v ev`jvi w`‡b evB‡i hve bv|XvwK - XvK evRvq †h XvwK XvK evRvq|KoK‡o - k³, bZzb fvZ kywK‡q KoK‡o n‡q †M‡Q|cvqiv - KeyZi mv`v cvqivwU Do‡Q|†Lvc - evmv KeyZi †Lvc †_‡K †ei nj|gRwjk - Avmi Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z AvR

Mv‡bi gRwjk em‡e|

2. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj I wjwL

(K) jvwUg †Nvivi mgq †Kgb AvIqvR K‡i ?(L) †g‡Ni AvIqvR †Kgb ?(M) `ya-Kjv Avi fvZ wgwk‡q †L‡Z †Kvb AvIqvR nq ?(N) we‡q evwoi AvIqvR †Kgb ?(O) cvqiv †Kgb kã K‡i Wv‡K ?(P) weovjQvbvi AvIqvR †Kgb ?(Q) `y w`‡bi LyKz †Kgb K‡i Kuv‡` ?

3. AviI wKQz AvIqvR †R‡b wbB

evZv‡mi AvIqvR - †kuv †kuvnvwmi AvIqvR - nv nv / wn wn / †nv †nvKvwki AvIqvR - LK LK

†gvi‡Mi WvK - Kz°zi“ Kz Kz°zi“ Kznuv‡mi WvK - cu¨vK cu¨vKKzKz‡ii WvK - †ND †NDMi“i WvK - nv¤^v nv¤^ve¨v‡Oi WvK - †NOi †NO †NOi †NO

4. c‡ii PiYwU ewj I wjwL

XvwK‡`i XvK WygWygvWyg.................................†eov‡ji Qvbv g¨vI g¨vI g¨vI

5. †KvbUvi m‡½ †KvbUvi wgj Zv Lyu‡R ‡`wL

SvD‡qi kvLv wnm wnm wnm

ev`jvi b`x KzU KzU KzU

Nv‡Ui Kjwm Povr Povr

Kv‡b Kv‡b K_v ‰n ‰n ˆn

gv‡Qi evRvi ‰_ ˆ_ ˆ_

Nvm e‡b mvc wdm wdm wdm

AvKv‡ki evR kb kb kb

Auvav‡i Bu`yi eyU eyU eyU

6. Ave„wËi fw½‡Z KweZvwU cwo

mevB wg‡j Kwi KvR

eû w`b Av‡Mi K_v| gnvbex nhiZ gyn¤§` (m) ZLb gw`bv kn‡i evmK‡ib| kÎyiv `yB `yB evi gw`bvq nvgjv Kij| wKš‘ Zviv kn‡i cÖ‡ekKi‡Z cviwQj bv| gnvbex mevB‡K WvK‡jb| ej‡jb, kÎyiv †hb wKQy‡ZBkn‡i XyK‡Z bv cv‡i| ZvB kn‡ii Pvicv‡k cwiLv Lbb Kiv `iKvi|

A‡b‡KB ej‡jb Ñ GZ j¤^v cwiLv Kxfv‡e Lbb Kiv hvq ? gnvbex Zuv‡`iej‡jb Ñ mevB wg‡j KvR Ki‡j †Kv‡bv KvRB KwVb bq| GUv `yB GKR‡b Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| mKj‡K wg‡jwg‡k KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|

bexwRi K_vg‡Zv `k Rb K‡i K‡qKwU `j Mov nj| †Kvb `j KZUzKzgvwU KvU‡e Zv Av‡MB wVK K‡i wb‡Z ej‡jb wZwb|

gvwU KvUvi KvR ïiy n‡q †Mj| GKwU `‡j bq Rb KvR KiwQj| bexwR†mLv‡b wM‡q ej‡jb, AvwgI †Zvgv‡`i `‡j KvR Kie| Avgvi gv_vqgvwUi Szwo Zz‡j `vI|

gnvbexi K_v ï‡b mevB ej‡jb, Avgiv _vK‡Z Avcwb †Kb G KvRKi‡eb ?

bexwR ej‡jb, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i g‡ZvB GK Rb gvbyl| †Zvgiv KvR Ki‡eAvi Avwg e‡m e‡m †`Le ?

mK‡j AveviI AvcwË Rvbv‡jb| gnvbex Zuv‡`i K_v ïb‡jb bv| ej‡jb,GUv AvgviI KvR| mevB wg‡j Ki‡j KvR ZvovZvwo †kl n‡e|

G K_v e‡j gnvbex wb‡Ri gv_vq gvwUi Szwo Zz‡j wb‡jb| GwU †`‡LmK‡ji gvwU KvUvi Drmvn Av‡iv †e‡o †Mj|

kn‡ii Pvi w`‡K cwiLv Lbb †kl nj| mK‡j eyS‡jb - mevB wg‡j GKn‡q KvR Ki‡j †Kv‡bv evavB _v‡K bv| KwVb KvRI ZLb mnR n‡q hvq|

cvV wkwL

1. kãv_© †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ ˆZwi Kwi

gnvbex Ñ bex‡`i g‡a¨ †miv, gnvbexi Amxg `qv|nhiZ gyn¤§` (m)

kÎy Ñ `ykgb Bu`y‡ii kÎy weovj|

cÖ‡ek Kiv Ñ †XvKv †Q‡j‡g‡qiv ¯‹z‡jcÖ‡ek Kij|

cwiLv Ñ Pviw`K †Niv Lv` hy‡×i mgq cwiLvˆZwi Kiv nq|

Lbb Ñ †Luvov iv¯Zv Lb‡bi KvR Pj‡Q|Mov Ñ ˆZwi Kiv Zviv GMvi Rb wb‡q

GKwU dzUej `j Moj|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wkwL

gyn¤§` (m) Ñ ¤§ = g+g Av¤§v, m¤§ZkÎy Ñ Î = Z+i-djv ( ª) QvÎ, cÎwKš‘y Ñ š‘ = b+Z+D-Kvi ( y) Rš‘, Zš‘cÖ‡ek Ñ cÖ = c+i-djv ( ª) cÖPzi, cÖfvZj¤v Ñ ¤^ = g+e nv¤^v, K¤^j

3. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj

(K) gnvbex nhiZ gyn¤§` (m) †Kvb kn‡i evm Ki‡Zb ?

(L) kÎyiv Kqevi gw`bvq nvgjv K‡i ?

(M) gnvbex mKj‡K Kx Lbb Ki‡Z ej‡jb ?

(N) bexwR KqRb K‡i `j Mo‡Z ej‡jb ?

(O) bexwR bq R‡bi `‡j wM‡q Kx ej‡jb ?

(P) †K wb‡Ri gv_vq gvwUi Szwo Zz‡j wb‡jb ?

(Q) Kx †`‡L mK‡ji gvwU KvUvq Drmvn †e‡o †Mj ?

(R) cwiLv Lb‡bi KvR †kl n‡j mK‡j Kx eyS‡jb ?

Avwg ne

KvRx bRiyj Bmjvg

Avwg ne mKvj †ejvi cvwLmevi Av‡M Kzmg-ev‡M

DVe Avwg WvwK !mywh¨ gvgv RvMvi Av‡M

DVe Avwg †R‡M,nqwb mKvj, Ny‡gv GLb,

gv ej‡eb †i‡M|eje Avwg Ñ Avj‡m †g‡q

Nywg‡q Zzwg _vK,nqwb mKvj, ZvB e‡j wK

mKvj n‡e bv K ?Avgiv hw` bv RvwM gv

†Kg&‡b mKvj n‡e ?†Zvgvi †Q‡j DV‡j †Mv gv

ivZ †cvnv‡e Z‡e|

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jvi A_© †R‡b wbB

Kzmyg Ñ dzj e‡b dzUj Kzmyg|evM Ñ evMvb, evwMPvKzmyg-evM Ñ dz‡ji evMvb Kzmyg-ev‡M dzj dz‡U‡Q|

mywh¨ Ñ m�h©, iwe mywh¨ cye w`‡K I‡V|

mywh¨gvgv Ñ m�h©‡K Av`i K‡i mywh¨gvgv RvMvi Av‡Mgvgv WvKv n‡q‡Q| Avwg †R‡M DVe|†hgb, Puv`gvgv|

Avj‡m Ñ Ajm, Kzu‡o Avj‡m †Q‡j‡g‡q‡K†KD

fv‡jvev‡m bv|

2. hy³eY© wP‡b ivwL

mywh¨ Ñ h¨ = h+h-djv (¨) kh¨v

3. wecixZ kã †R‡b wbBmKvj Ñ weKvjNywg‡q Ñ †R‡MivZ Ñ w`b

4. k~b¨¯’v‡b wVK kã emvB

(K) ----- gvgv RvMvi Av‡M Puv`, mywh¨(L) DVe Avwg ----- †R‡M, †i‡M(M) Avgiv hw` bv ---- gv RvwM, WvwK(N) †Kg&‡b ----- n‡e ? RvwM, WvwK

5. †QvU †QvU evK¨ ˆZwi Kwi

cvwL Ñ Iiv cvwLi Wv‡K Nyg †_‡K †R‡M I‡V|mywh¨gvgv Ñ mKv‡j mywh¨gvgv‡K cye AvKv‡k †`Lv hvq|Avj‡m Ñ †m Avj‡m bq, †ivR mKv‡j I‡V|ivZ Ñ w`‡bi c‡i ivZ Av‡m|

6. KweZvwU Ave„wË Kwi I wjwL|

is dyj dje„wó †_‡g †M‡Q| AvKvk cwi®‹vi| AvKv‡k †`Lv hv‡”Q isaby| isaby‡Zi‡q‡Q mvZwU is| †e¸wb, bxj, Avmgvwb, meyR, njy`, Kgjv I jvj|

AvKv‡ki is bxj| G †`‡ki e‡b, gv‡V Nb mey‡Ri †gjv| meyRMvQcvjv wewPÎ i‡Oi dzj †dvUvq| GB dy‡ji g‡a¨ Av‡Q kvcjv, Rev,K…òP‚ov, Muv`v, †Mvjvc, iRbxMÜv, wkgyj, K`g Avi †`vjbPuvcv|

kvcjv Avgv‡`i RvZxq dzj| †Mvjvc‡K ejv nq dz‡ji ivbx| bvbv i‡Oi†Mvjvc nq Ñ jvj, mv`v, †Mvjvwc| cjvk Avi wkgyj †dv‡U UyKUz‡K jvji‡O| Muv`v Avi m�h©gyLxi is njy`| †ewj, MÜivR, RyuB, iRbxMÜv I†`vjbPuvcvi is mv`v|

Ic‡ii Qwe‡Z †`LwQ Avgv‡`i †`‡ki bvbv iK‡gi dj| Avg, Rvg,KuvVvj, Kjv, †cu‡c, Wvwjg, Wve, Zvj, ZigyR, wjPz, †cqviv, AvZv,Avbvim Avi Kgjv Avgv‡`i wcÖq dj|

KuvVvj Avgv‡`i RvZxq dj| GwU AvKv‡i †ek eo nq| cvKv KuvVvj†L‡Z †ek wgwó Avi imvj| Avgv‡`i †`‡ki AvgI †L‡Z fvwi gRv|Avbvim †ek wgwó dj|

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jvi A_© †R‡b wbB

isaby Ñ ivgaby isabyi mvZwU is|

imvj Ñ imc�Y© imvj Avg †L‡Z fvwi gRv|

UyKUy‡K Ñ Mvp jvj cjvk Avi wkgyj dzj UyKUy‡K jvj|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB

cwi®‹vi Ñ ®‹ = l+K Avwe®‹vi, `y®‹ie„wó Ñ e„ = e+F-Kvi ( „ ) e„_v, e„¶

Ñ ó = l+U wgwó, KóK…òP‚ov Ñ K… = K + F-Kvi ( „ ) `„wó, m„wó

ò = l+Y Z„òv, DòwewPÎ Ñ Î = Z+i-djv ( ª) QvÎ, cvÎ

3. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj Ges wjwL

(K) isaby‡Z Kx Kx is _v‡K ?(L) AvKv‡ki is Kx ?(M) Avgv‡`i RvZxq dz‡ji bvg Kx ?(N) †Kvb †Kvb dz‡ji is njy` ?(O) †Kvb dj AvKv‡i †ek eo nq ?

4. Avgv‡`i †`kxq dz‡ji GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZwi Kwi|

5. bZzb evK¨ ˆZwi Kwi

jvj Ñ Avgvi Rvgvi is jvj|bxj Ñ Avgvi Rvgvi is bxj|Kv‡jv Ñ Kv‡jv †g‡N AvKvk †Q‡q †M‡Q|meyR Ñ gv‡V gv‡V meyR dmj d‡j‡Q|njy` Ñ m�h©gyLx njy` i‡Oi dzj|

†Kvb †`‡km‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë

†Kvb& †`‡k‡Z ZiyjZvmKj †`‡ki PvB‡Z k¨vgj ?

†Kvb& †`‡k‡Z Pj&‡Z †M‡jB`j&‡Z nq †i `~e©v †Kvgj ?

†Kv_vq d‡j †mvbvi dmj,†mvbvi Kgj †dv‡U †i ?

†m Avgv‡`i evsjv‡`k,Avgv‡`iB evsjv †i !

†Kv_vq Wv‡K †`v‡qj-k¨vgvwd‡O bv‡P Mv‡Q Mv‡Q ?

†Kv_vq R‡j givj P‡j,givjx Zvi cv‡Q cv‡Q ;

eveyB †Kv_v evmv †ev‡b,PvZK evwi hv‡P †i ?

†m Avgv‡`i evsjv‡`kAvgv‡`iB evsjv †i!

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ ˆZwi Kwi

ZiyjZv Ñ MvQcvjv Avgvi gvgvi evwo ZiyjZvq †Niv|k¨vgj Ñ meyR evsjv‡`k km¨-k¨vgj|~e©v Ñ big Nvm GB gvV meyR `~e©vq XvKv|

†Kvgj Ñ big weQvbvwU †ek †Kvgj|dmj Ñ km¨ G eQi dmj fv‡jv n‡q‡Q|Kgj Ñ cÙdzj w`wN‡Z Kgj dz‡U‡Q|givj Ñ ivRnuvm giv‡ji Mjv j¤^v|PvZK Ñ GK ai‡bi cvwL PvZK AvKv‡k I‡o|evwi Ñ e„wó, cvwb evwi Si‡Q|hv‡P Ñ Pvq I †Zvgvi Kv‡Q Kx hv‡P ?

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB

k¨vgj Ñ k¨ = k+h-djv ( ¨ ) k¨vgv, e¨vKzj`~e©v Ñ e© = ‡id ( ©) + e Me©, c~e©

3. gy‡L gy‡L DËi w`B

(K) †Kvb †`‡ki ZiyjZv me‡P‡q †ewk k¨vgj ?(L) †Kvb †`‡ki `~e©v †ewk †Kvgj ?

(M) †Kv_vq †mvbvi dmj d‡j ?(N) Mv‡Q Mv‡Q †Kvb cvwL bv‡P ?(O) giv‡ji †cQ‡b †K P‡j ?(P) PvZK Kx hv‡P ?(Q) †KvbwU evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq cvwL ?

4. evsjv‡`‡ki K‡qKwU cvwLi bvg Rvwb

†`v‡qj, k¨vgv, wd‡O, givj, eveyB, PvZK|

5. Av‡iv K‡qKwU cvwLi bvg †R‡b wbB

KvK, †KvwKj, Po~B, P›`bv, wPj, UzbUzwb, WvûK, eK,gvQivOv, kvwjK|

6. c‡ii jvBbwU ewj

†Kvb& †`‡k‡Z ZiyjZv..............................

†Kvb& †`‡k‡Z Pj&‡Z †M‡jB...............................

7. KweZvwU mevB wg‡j cwo I wb‡R wb‡R wjwL

ˆekvLx †gjv

AvR c‡njv ˆekvL| AvR beel©| cÖwZ eQi GB w`‡b Avgv‡`i MÖv‡gˆekvLx †gjv nq| Avwg Av‡M KLbI †gjvq hvBwb| Gevi evev ej‡jb,†gjvq Pj| Avgvi gb Lywk‡Z f‡i DVj| †QvU‡evb UzKzI †gjvq hv‡e|

ZLb we‡Kj| GKUv cyKziav‡i eo eUMv‡Qi wb‡P †gjv e‡m‡Q| †gjvqA‡bK gvbyl G‡m‡Q| †gjvq Lye wfo Avi †eRvq kã| †gjvq e‡m‡QA‡bK †`vKvb| †mme †`vKv‡b wewµ n‡”Q gvwUi wewfbœ wRwbm| Av‡QgvwUi cyZzj I nuvwocvwZj| Av‡iv wewµ n‡”Q †e‡Zi I euv‡ki wRwbm,gywogyowK I gÊvwgVvB| Avgvi eqmx K‡qKUv †Q‡ji nv‡Z euvwk| ZvivmevB †Rv‡i †Rv‡i euvwk‡Z dzu w`‡”Q| Zv‡Z †cu †cuv AvIqvR n‡”Q| Xywj†Xvj evRv‡”Q| Wyg Wyg| UzKzi Avb›` Lye †ewk|

Avgiv †gjvq Nyijvg| ˆekvL gv‡m Avg, Rvg, KuvVvj cv‡K| cvKv d‡jiA‡bK †`vKvb e‡m‡Q †gjvq| cvKv d‡ji wgwó MÜ Pviw`‡K| GK†jv‡Ki Kv‡Q †`Ljvg Bqv eo GK jvD| Avwg Avi UzKz †Zv AevK! GZeo jvD Av‡M KLbI †`wLwb| GKUv njy` i‡Oi cvKv kmvi w`‡K A‡b‡KZvwK‡q Av‡Q|

evev ej‡jb, cvKv kmv w`‡q †gvieŸv nq| kmvwUi Lye `vg| ZeyI †mwUevev wKb‡jb|

n‡iK i‡Oi Nywo Do‡Q AvKv‡k| Zvi g‡a¨ mv‡ci g‡Zv GKwU j¤^v NywoIAv‡Q| Kx my›`i NywowU ! Gu‡K †eu‡K Do‡Q| GKw`‡K evwRKi evb‡ii†Ljv †`Lv‡”Q| Av‡iKw`‡K bvMi‡`vjv DV‡Q bvg‡Q| evev Avgv‡`ibvMi‡`vjvq Zz‡j w`‡jb| bvMi‡`vjvq Dc‡i DV‡j gRv jv‡M| bvgvimgq f‡q eyKUv aK K‡i I‡V|

Avw`evmx †jv‡KivI †gjvq wRwbmcÎ wb‡q G‡m‡Q| Zviv euv‡ki PvOvwo,avgv I jvwV wewµ Ki‡Q| K‡qKRb Avw`evmx †g‡q I †Q‡j Zv‡`ifvlvq Mvb MvB‡Q Avi bvP‡Q|

evev Avgv‡`i gywogyowK wK‡b w`‡jb| †gjvq A‡bK †Ljbv G‡m‡Q| evevAvgv‡K wK‡b w`‡jb euvwk I †Xvj| UzKz‡K w`‡jb gvwUi cyZzj I †ejyb|

†m¸‡jv wb‡q Lywk g‡b evwo wdijvg| ZLb ivZ n‡q †M‡Q|

cvV wkwL

1. kã wkwL I bZzb evK¨ ewj

c‡njv Ñ cª_g c‡njv ˆekv‡L †gjv nq|beel© Ñ bZzb eQi bee‡l© bZzb Rvgv c‡iwQ|†gjv Ñ wRwbmcÎ †ePv-†Kbv

I Av‡gv‡`i Rb¨ fvBqvi m‡½ †gjvq hve|eû gvbyl †hLv‡b wfoK‡i

†eRvq Ñ Lye †jvKwU †eRvq j¤^v|†gvieŸv Ñ wPwbi i‡m R¡vj gv kmvi †gvieŸv

†`Iqv dj K‡i‡Qb|bvMi‡`vjv Ñ wbP †_‡K Ic‡i D‡V Avgiv bvMi‡`vjvq Poe|

Ny‡i Ny‡i †`vj LvIqvi†`vjbv

Rš‘ Ñ Rv‡bvqvi nvwZ me‡P‡q eo Rš‘ |Avw`evmx Ñ Avw`g Awaevmx Mv‡iv I PvKgviv

evsjv‡`‡ki Avw`evmx|

PvOvwo Ñ euvk ev †e‡Zi †dwiIqvjvi PvOvwo‡Z†QvU Szwo wZb Kuvw` Kjv Av‡Q|

2. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj I wjwL

(K) beel© K‡e ïiy nq ?(L) ˆekvLx †gjv †Kvb w`b nq ?(M) †cu †cuv wK‡mi AvIqvR ?(N) Wyg Wyg K‡i Kx evR‡Q ?(O) kmvi Kx is wQj ?(P) Gu‡K †eu‡K Kx Do‡Q ?(Q) bvMi‡`vjvq bvgvi mgq eyK †Kgb K‡i ?(R) Avw`evmxiv Kx Kx wewµ Ki‡Q ?(S) Kviv Mvb MvB‡Q Ges bvP‡Q ?(T) evev Kx Kx wK‡b w`‡jb ?

3. hy³eY©¸‡jv wPwb Ges Av‡iv kã wkwL

beel© Ñ l© = †id ( © )+l el©Y, nl©cÖ_g Ñ cÖ = c+i-djv ( ª) cÖwZ, cÖfvZm‡½ Ñ ½ = O+M A½, e½

(- ½ = Ab¨fv‡e†jLv nq ½)

evRv‡”Q Ñ ”Q = P+Q Lv‡”Q, hv‡”Qkã Ñ ã = e+` Aã, RãAvb›` Ñ ›` = b+` g›`, my›`ij¤^v Ñ ¤^ = g+e A¤^j, Rv¤^yiv†gvieŸv Ñ eŸ = e+e AveŸv, †RveŸv

Rb¨ Ñ b¨ = b+h-djv (¨) Ab¨, eb¨k³ Ñ ³ = K+Z i³ , e³v

(- ³ = Ab¨fv‡e†jLv nq ³)

wRwbmcÎ Ñ Î = Z+i-djv ( ª) gvÎ, hvÎvwewµ Ñ µ = K+i-djv ( ª) eµ, Pµ

(- µ = Ab¨fv‡e †jLvnq µ)

4. bZzb kã w`‡q evK¨ ˆZwi Kwi

(K) cvKv kmvi is njy |AvKv‡ki is ÑÑÑÑÑÑ|

(L) K‡qK Rb †g‡q I †Q‡j Mvb MvB‡Q Avi bvP‡Q|ÑÑÑÑÑ †Q‡j‡g‡q ÑÑÑÑÑ Avi ÑÑÑÑÑ|

(M) †gjvq A‡bK †Ljbv G‡m‡Q|evRv‡i A‡bK ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ G‡m‡Q|

mevi my‡L nvme AvwgKuv`e mevi `y‡L,

wb‡Ri Lvevi wewj‡q †`eAbvnvixi gy‡L|

Avgvi evwoi dzj-evwMPv,dzj mK‡ji n‡e,

Avgvi N‡i gvwUi cÖ`xcAv‡jvK w`‡e m‡e|

Avgvi evwo evR‡e euvwk,mevi evwoi myi,

Avgvi evwo mevi evwoiB‡e bv K `~i|

mevi my‡L

RmxgD`&`xb

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jvi A_© †R‡b wbB I evK¨¸‡jv cwo

Abvnvix Ñ Dcevmx, †h Lvqwb Abvnvix‡K Lvevi `vI|evwMPv Ñ †QvU evMvb evwMPvq A‡bK dzj dz‡U‡Q|cÖ`xc Ñ evwZ mܨv‡ejv cÖ`xc R¡vjvB|

2. hy³eY© wP‡b wbBcÖ`xc Ñ cÖ = c+i-djv ( ª) cÖ_g, wcÖq

3. wecixZ k㸇jv Rvwb

my‡L Ñ `y‡Lnvme Ñ Kuv`ewb‡Ri Ñ c‡iiAv‡jv Ñ AÜKvi`~i Ñ wbKU

4. c‡ii As‡ki m‡½ wgjvB

mevi my‡L evR‡e euvwkwb‡Ri Lvevi mevi evwoAvgvi evwo wewj‡q †`eAvgvi evwo nvme Avwg

5. KweZvwU Ave„wË Kwi I wjwL

wcuc‡o I NyNy

†QvÆ GK wcuc‡o GKw`b Lvev‡ii †Luv‡R e‡bi c‡_ P‡j‡Q| c‡_i `ycv‡keo eo MvQ, jZvcvZv, Nvm| ZviB cvk w`‡q †QvÆ wcuc‡o Av‡¯Z Av‡¯Znuv‡U| nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z †ejv ev‡o|

e‡bi av‡i e‡q P‡j‡Q GKwU b`x| wccvmvq KvZi K¬vš� wcuc‡o| ax‡iax‡i †m b`xi cvo †e‡q bvg‡Z ïiy K‡i| cvwbi Kv‡Q †m †cŠu‡QI hvq|mveav‡b cvwbi av‡i wM‡q †m cvwb Lvq| b`x‡Z ZLb A‡bK †XD|

cvwb †L‡Z wM‡q nVvr †XD‡qi av°vq †f‡m †Mj †QvÆ wcuc‡o| Zx‡i IVviA‡bK †Póv Kij †m| wKš�y wKQy‡ZB DV‡Z cvij bv|

b`xi Zx‡i Mv‡Qi Wv‡j e‡m wQj GK NyNy| NyNy †`Lj †QvÆ wcuc‡o fxlYwec‡` c‡o‡Q| †m †h-†Kv‡bv mgq Wy‡e †h‡Z cv‡i| Kx Kiv hvq? PU K‡iNyNyi gv_vq GKUv eyw× Gj| †m †VuvU w`‡q Mv‡Qi GKUv cvZv wQu‡o †d‡jw`j b`xi cvwb‡Z|

cvZvUv coj wcuc‡oi mvg‡bB| †m ïb‡Z †cj NyNy cvwLUv ej‡Q : I fvBwcuc‡o, wkMwMi cvZvi Dci IV| bB‡j Wy‡e gi‡e|

†QvÆ wcuc‡o nuvcv‡Z nuvcv‡Z muvZvi †K‡U cvZvi Dci D‡V e‡m| NyNy ZLbcvZvUv Zvi †VuvU w`‡q WvOvq Zz‡j Av‡b| †eu‡P hvq †QvÆ wcuc‡o| ZLbNyNy‡K Zvi g‡b nq me‡P‡q fv‡jv eÜz|

K‡qKw`b c‡ii K_v| e‡b GK cvwLwkKvwi Gj cvwLi †Luv‡R| wkKvwiNyi‡Z Nyi‡Z G‡m `uvovq b`xi av‡i †mB MvQwUi Kv‡Q| NyNy ZLb HMv‡QiB GK Wv‡j e‡m wQj| wkKvwi Gw`K Iw`K ZvwK‡q Mv‡Qi Wv‡jemv NyNyUv‡K †`L‡Z cvq| NyNy‡K ZvK K‡i †m Zvi aby‡K Zxi jvMvq|

†QvÆ wcuc‡o ZLb Mv‡Qi wb‡PB wQj| wkKvwi Zvi abyK †_‡K †hB ZxiUvQyuo‡Z †M‡Q, Agwb wcuc‡o KzUzm K‡i Zvi cv‡q ewm‡q w`j GK Kvgo|wkKvwii nvZ †Mj †Ku‡c| Dn&! e‡j †m gvwU‡Z e‡m coj| ZZ¶‡Y ZxiwUwbkvbv nvwi‡q Ab¨w`‡K Qy‡U †M‡Q|

NyNy ïb‡Z †cj †QvÆ wcuc‡o Zvi miy Mjvq †PuwP‡q ej‡Q : fvB NyNy, cvjvI|bB‡j Zxi †L‡q gi‡e|

wcuc‡oi K_v ï‡b NyNy dzo~r K‡i D‡o †Mj| emj Ab¨ Mv‡Qi Wv‡j|

wkKvwi Amnvq †Pv‡L KZ¶Y Gw`K †mw`K ZvKvj| wKš‘ NyNyUv‡K†`L‡Z bv †c‡q Av‡¯Z Av‡¯Z e‡bi Ab¨w`‡K P‡j †Mj| wKQy¶Y ciWvj †_‡K gvwU‡Z Nv‡mi Dci †b‡g Gj NyNy| Wvbv Svc‡U †m NyÑNy K‡iMvb †M‡q I‡V|

wcuc‡o g‡bi Lywk‡Z b`xi av‡i Mv‡Qi wb‡P Ny‡i Ny‡i bv‡P| NyNyI g‡biAvb‡›` G Wvj †_‡K I Wv‡j D‡o †eovq|

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jvi A_© †R‡b wbB

cvo Ñ wKbvi b`xi cv‡o †bŠKv euvav|Zxi Ñ K‚j, b`xi cvo †R‡jiv b`xi Zx‡i Ni †eu‡a‡Q|Zxi Ñ ki, evY wkKvwi Zxi Quyoj| (GKB k‡ãi

`yB A_©)abyK Ñ hv w`‡q Zxi wkKvwii nv‡Z abyK wQj|

wb‡¶c Kiv nqfxlY Ñ Lye †ewk Zvi g‡b fxlY `ytL|wkKvwi Ñ †h cïcvwL wkKvwi nwiY wkKvi K‡i‡Q|

wkKvi K‡i

†LuvR Ñ mÜvb †jvKwU cvwL †LuvR Ki‡Q|wbkvbv Ñ j¶¨ Zviv c‡_i wbkvbv nvwi‡qwQj|AvuP Kij Ñ Av›`vR Kij gv e¨vcviUv AuvP Ki‡jb|dzo~r Ñ cvwL Iovi kã †QvÆ cvwL dzo~r K‡i D‡o †Mj|Amnvq Ñ mnvqnxb AÜ †jvKwU LyeB Amnvq|mveavb Ñ mZK© Avgiv mveav‡b iv¯Zv cvi nB|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB

Av‡¯Z Ñ ¯Z = m+Z A¯Z, m¯Zv†QvÆ Ñ Æ = U+U PÆMÖvg, fyÆvK¬vš� Ñ K¬ = K+j K¬vm, †K¬`

š� = b+Z `š�, emš�av°v Ñ ° = K+K G°v, Q°veyw× Ñ × = `+a ïw×, hy×eÜz Ñ Ü = b+a AÜ, MÜZZ¶Y Ñ ¶ = K+l ¶q, ¶gvAb¨ Ñ b¨ = b+h-djv (¨) eb¨, ab¨

3. DËi ewj I wjwL

(K) †QvÆ wcuc‡o Kxfv‡e nuv‡U ?(L) Kvi wccvmv †c‡qwQj ?(M) †Kv_vq b`x e‡q P‡j‡Q ?(N) cvwbi av‡i wM‡q wcuc‡o Kx Kij ?

(O) cvwb †L‡Z wM‡q wcuc‡oi Kx nj ?(P) Kv‡K wcuc‡oi Lye fv‡jv eÜz g‡b nq ?(Q) NyNy‡K †`‡L wkKvwi Kx Kij ?(R) wkKvwi Zxi Qyuo‡Z †M‡j wcuc‡o Kx Kij ?(S) Nv‡mi Ici †b‡g G‡m NyNy Kx K‡i ?(T) wcuc‡o Kxfv‡e bv‡P ?(U) g‡bi Avb‡›` NyNy Kx K‡i ?

4. wecixZ kã wkwL†QvU Ñ eo DcKvi Ñ AcKvibvgv Ñ IVv Avb›` Ñ `ytLeÜz Ñ kÎy A‡bK Ñ Aí

5. kã wb‡q †Lwj Ges Lvwj RvqMvq kã wj‡L cwo

nuvcv‡Z nuvcv‡Z, nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z, Av‡¯Z Av‡¯Z, Ny‡i Ny‡i, nvm‡Znvm‡Z|†QvÆ wcuc‡o ÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÑ nuv‡U| ÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÑ †ejvev‡o|wcuc‡o ÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÑ muvZvi †K‡U cvZvi Ici D‡V e‡m|wcuc‡o g‡bi Lywk‡Z b`xi av‡i Mv‡Qi wb‡P ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ bv‡P|

Kv‡Ri †jvKbeK…ò fÆvPvh©

†gŠgvwQ, †gŠgvwQ†Kv_v hvI bvwP bvwPuvovI bv GKevi fvB|

IB dzj †dv‡U e‡bhvB gay Avni‡Yuvovevi mgq †Zv bvB|

†QvU cvwL, †QvU cvwLwKwPwgwP WvwK WvwK†Kv_v hvI e‡j hvI kywb|

GLb bv Ke K_vAvwbqvwQ Z…YjZvAvcbvi evmv Av‡M eywb|

wccxwjKv, wccxwjKv`jej Qvwo GKv†Kv_v hvI, hvI fvB ewj|

kx‡Zi mÂq PvBLv`¨ LyuwR‡ZwQ ZvBQq cv‡q wcjwcj Pwj|

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ Mwo

†gŠgvwQ Ñ gay msMÖnKvix cZ½ †gŠgvwQ dz‡j dz‡j D‡o †eovq|AvniY Ñ †hvMvo ivbœvi Rb¨ KvV AvniY

Ki‡Z n‡e|wKwPwgwP Ñ cvwLi WvK Po~B cvwL wKwPwgwP Ki‡Q|Ke Ñ eje Avwg K_v Ke bv|Z…YjZv Ñ Nvm I jZv Miz Z…YjZv Lvq|eywb Ñ eybb Kwi Avgiv Kvco eywb|wccxwjKv Ñ wcuc‡o wccxwjKv mvwi‡eu‡a P‡j|`jej Ñ `‡ji mevB Avgiv `je‡j †Zvgvi evwo‡Z

hve|mÂq Ñ msMÖn †m Lv`¨ mÂq K‡i|wcjwcj Ñ wcuc‡oi Pjv jvj wcuc‡o¸‡jv wcjwcj K‡i

P‡j‡Q|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB| AviI kã †R‡b wbB

Z…Y Ñ Z… = Z+F-Kvi ( „) Z…Zxq, Z…òvmÂq Ñ Â = T+P PÂj, gÂ

(-Â = Ab¨fv‡e†jLv nq Â)

Lv`¨ Ñ `¨ = `+h-djv ( ¨ ) A`¨, M`¨

3. wVK DËi wjwL(K) †gŠgvwQ Kxfv‡e hv‡”Q ?(L) †gŠgvwQ Kx Rb¨ hv‡”Q ?(M) wKwPwgwP †K Wv‡K ?(N) wccxwjKv Kx LyuR‡Q ?(O) wccxwjKv Kxfv‡e P‡j ?(P) Kv‡Ri †jvK †K †K ?

4. c‡ii As‡ki m‡½ wVK wVK wgjvBhvB gay Av‡M eywbAvcbvi evmv LyuwR‡ZwQ ZvBLv`¨ Avni‡YQvwo GKv

5. Av‡Mi PiYwU ewj I wjwL----------------------`jej Qvwo GKvÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑцKv_v hvI bvwP bvwP

6. Av‡iv hviv KvR K‡i Zv‡`i bvg RvwbeveyB, †RvbvwK, ågi|

7. wZb R‡b cÖkœ Kwi Avi wZb R‡b DËi w`B| Gfv‡e Qq R‡bcy‡iv KweZvwU cwo|

`yLy wgqvi RxebK_v

bvg Zuvi `yLy wgqv| Zuvi GKUv fv‡jv bvgI i‡q‡Q| Zuvi evevi bvg KvRxdwKi Avng` Ges gv‡qi bvg Rv‡n`v LvZzb| Zuviv Zuv‡K Av`i K‡iWv‡Kb `yLy wgqv| `yLy wgqv 1306 mv‡bi 11B ˆR¨ô Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib|

`yLy wgqvi Rxe‡b `ytL wQj A‡bK| AvU eQi eq‡m Zuvi evev gviv hvb|Zuv‡K bvbv iK‡gi KvR Ki‡Z n‡qwQj| KLbI wZwb gmwR‡` BgvgwZK‡ib| KLbI wZwb Avhvb †`b| Avevi KLbI wZwb gv`ªvmvi I Zv`|

c‡i `yLy wgqv †j‡UvMv‡bi `‡j †hvM †`b| †j‡Uvi `j MÖv‡g MÖv‡g Mvb †M‡q†eovq| `yLy wgqv Zuv‡`i m‡½ hvb| Mvb †j‡Lb Avi Mvb K‡ib| Gi wKQyw`b ci `yLy wgqv ¯‹z‡j fwZ© nb| wZwb KweZv iPbv ïiy K‡ib| G R‡b¨wk¶KMY Zuvi Lye Zvwid K‡ib|

Gi ci ïiy nq gnvhy×| `yLy wgqv †mbvevwnbx‡Z †hvM †`b|

`yLy wgqvi Avmj bvg KvRx bRiyj Bmjvg| ZLb wZwb AvVvi eQ‡iihyeK| bRiyj bvbv †`‡ki bvbv †jv‡Ki m‡½ †gjv‡gkv K‡ib| A‡bKfvlv †k‡Lb| Aemi mg‡q GB ˆmwbK KweZv I Mí wjL‡Z ïiy K‡ib|

hyׇk‡l bRiyj †mbvevwnbx †Q‡o †`b| ïi“ K‡ib †jLv‡jwL| cwÎKvqZuvi †jLv Qvcv n‡Z _v‡K| wZwb wjL‡jb KweZvi eB, M‡íi eB, bvU‡KieB| we‡`ªvnx KweZv wj‡L wZwb we‡`ªvnx Kwe bv‡g cwiwPZ nb| Ab¨vq IAZ¨vPv‡ii weiy‡× †jLvi Rb¨ bRiyj †RjLvbvq e›`x nb|

bRiyj A‡bK MvbI iPbv K‡ib| Zuvi †jLv MRj Mvb mevi wcÖq|

bRiyj Bmjvg Zuvi KweZvq †`k‡K fv‡jvevmvi K_v e‡j‡Qb| ¯vaxbZviK_v e‡j‡Qb| Mwie`ytLx‡`i `yt‡Li K_v wj‡L‡Qb| bRiy‡ji KweZvqAv‡Q cÖwZev` I we‡`ªvn| †QvU‡`i Rb¨I bRiyj wj‡L‡Qb gRvi gRviKweZv I bvwUKv|

bRiyj A‡bK eo Kwe| mevi wcªq Kwe| Avgv‡`i RvZxq Kwe|

1383 m‡bi 12B fv`ª bRi“‡ji g„Zz¨ nq| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi gmwR‡`icv‡k Zuvi Kei i‡q‡Q|

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jvi A_© †R‡b ivwL| evK¨¸‡jv cwo

BgvgwZ Ñ gmwR‡` bvgvh gmwR‡` Bgvg mv‡ne BgvgwZcwiPvjbv Kiv cwiPvjbv K‡ib|

I Zv` Ñ wk¶K †Q‡j‡ejvq bRiyj gv`ªvmviI Zv` wQ‡jb|

†j‡Uv Ñ GK cÖKvi `yLy wgqv †j‡Uv Mvb †j‡Lb IMÖvgxY Mvb Mvb K‡ib|

Zvwid - cÖksmv wk¶KMY bRi“‡ji A‡bKZvwid Ki‡Zb|

gnvhy× Ñ †h hy‡× gnvhy‡× A‡bK †jvKA‡bK †`k gviv hvq|Ask †bq|

†mbvevwnbx Ñ ˆmb¨‡`i `j bRiyj †mbvevwnbx‡Z †hvMw`‡qwQ‡jb|

ˆmwbK Ñ †mbvwefv‡Mi bRiyj GK Rb ˆmwbK†jvK, wmcvB wQ‡jb|

we‡`ªvnx Ñ whwb Ab¨v‡qi bRiyj GK Rb we‡`ªvnx Kwe|cÖwZev` K‡ib|

AZ¨vPvi Ñ Ryjyg AZ¨vPv‡ii weiy‡× bRiyjKweZv †j‡Lb|

e›`x Ñ †RjLvbvq AvUK Bs‡iR miKvi bRiyj‡Ke¨w³, K‡qw` †RjLvbvq e›`x K‡ib|

MRj Ñ GK cÖKvi Mvb bRiyj MRj Mvb wj‡L A‡bKbvg K‡ib|

¯vaxbZv Ñ gyw³, A‡b¨i ¯vaxbZvi Rb¨ A‡b‡K RxebAax‡b bv _vKv `vb K‡ib|

RvZxq Ñ RvwZi wbR¯^ kvcjv Avgv‡`i RvZxq dzj|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB

ˆR¨ô Ñ ô = l+V †R¨ô, lôRb¥MÖnY Ñ b¥ = b+g AvRb¥, Rb¥f�wg

MÖ = M+iÑdjv ( ª) AMÖ, MÖn

gv`ªvmv Ñ `ª = `+i-djv ( ª) `wi`ª, we‡`ªvnxI¯Zv` Ñ ¯Z = m+Z e¯Zv, m¯Zvm‡½ Ñ ½ = O+M e½, A½ (- ½ =

Ab¨fv‡e †jLv nq ½)fwZ© Ñ Z© = †id ( ©)+Z MZ©, KZ©vwk¶K Ñ ¶ = K+l K¶, c¶weiy× Ñ × = `+a hy×, e× (- × =

Ab¨fv‡e †jLv nq ×)Mí Ñ í = j+c Aí, KíbvcwÎKv Ñ Î = Z+i-djv ( ª) QvÎ, hvÎxAb¨vq Ñ b¨ = b+h-djv (¨) Kb¨v, eb¨vAZ¨vPvi Ñ Z¨ = Z+h-djv (¨) mZ¨, cª‡Z¨Kg„Zz¨ Ñ Zy¨ = Z+h-djv (¨)+D(y) cÖZz¨le›`x Ñ ›` = b+` Avb›`, cQ›`¯vaxbZv Ñ ¯^ = m+e ¯^‡`k, ¯^v`fv`ª Ñ `ª = `+i-djv ( ª) we‡`ªvn, f`ª

3. GKK_vq ewj(K) whwb gmwR‡` Avhvb †`b Ñ gyqvhwhb(L) whwb gmwR‡` BgvgwZ K‡ib Ñ Bgvg(M) whwb gv ªvmvq ev ¯‹z‡j covb Ñ I¯Zv`, wk¶K(N) whwb KweZv †j‡Lb Ñ Kwe

(O) whwb †mbvwefv‡M KvR K‡ib Ñ ˆmwbK(P) ˆmwbK‡`i `j Ñ †mbvevwnbx(Q) whwb we‡`ªvn K‡ib Ñ we‡`ªvnx

4. DËi ewj I wjwL(K) `yLy wgqvi Avmj bvg Kx ?(L) `yLy wgqvi evev KLb gviv hvb ?(M) `yLy wgqv gmwR‡` Kx Kx KvR Ki‡Zb ?(N) †j‡Uv Mv‡bi `‡j `yLyi Kx KvR wQj ?(O) ¯‹z‡ji wk¶KMY Zuvi Zvwid Ki‡Zb †Kb ?(P) †K we‡`ªvnx Kwe ?(Q) Aemi mg‡q bRiyj Kx Ki‡Zb ?(R) bRiyj‡K we‡`ªvnx Kwe ejv nq †Kb ?(S) bRiyj Bmjvg †Kb e›`x nb ?(T) bRiyj Zuvi KweZvq Kx K_v e‡j‡Qb ?(U) bRiyj †QvU‡`i Rb¨ Kx wj‡L‡Qb ?(V) bRiyj Bmjv‡gi Kei †Kv_vq ?

Avgvi cYg`b‡gvnb ZK©vj¼vi

mKv‡j DwVqv Avwg g‡b g‡b ewj,mviv w`b Avwg †hb fv‡jv n‡q Pwj|Av‡`k K‡ib hvnv †gvi ¸iyR‡b,Avwg †hb †mB KvR Kwi fv‡jv g‡b|fvB‡evb mK‡j‡i †hb fv‡jvevwm,GK mv‡_ _vwK †hb m‡e wg‡jwgwk|fv‡jv †Q‡j‡`i mv‡_ wg‡k Kwi †Ljv,cv‡Vi mgq †hb bvwn Kwi †njv|myLx †hb bvwn nB Avi Kv‡iv `y‡L,wg‡Q K_v Kfy †hb bvwn Av‡m gy‡L|mveav‡b †hb †jvf mvgwj‡q _vwK,wKQy‡Z Kvnv‡i †hb bvwn †`B duvwK|SMov bv Kwi †hb Kfy Kv‡iv m‡b,mKv‡j DwVqv GB ewj g‡b g‡b|

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb K_v mvRvB

†gvi Ñ Avgvi AvR †gvi A‡bK KvR|cvV Ñ cov cvV †kl K‡i †Lj‡Z hve|†njv Ñ Ae‡njv KvD‡K †njv K‡iv bv|Av‡`k Ñ ûKzg Avcbvi Av‡`k Avwg cvjb Kie|duvwK Ñ †auvKv Avwg KvD‡K dvuwK †`e bv|m‡b Ñ m‡½ Avwg †Zvgvi m‡b K_v eje|Kfy Ñ KLbI Kfy wg‡Q K_v eje bv|

2. gy‡L gy‡L DËi w`B

(K) mKv‡j D‡V Avwg g‡b g‡b Kx ewj ?(L) Kviv ¸iyRb ?(M) GK m‡½ Kviv wg‡jwg‡k _vK‡e ?(N) cv‡Vi mgq Kx Kiv DwPZ ?(O) Kv‡`i m‡½ wgk‡Z n‡e Ges †Lj‡Z n‡e ?(P) A‡b¨i `yt‡L Kx n‡Z n‡e ?(Q) Kx mvgwj‡q ivL‡Z n‡e ?

3. ¸iyRb‡`i †R‡b wbBgv, evev, `v`v, `vw`, bvbv, bvwb, PvPv, PvwP, gvgv, gvwg, dzdz, dzdv,Lvjv, Lvjy, eo fvB, eo †evb, wk¶K|

4. wecixZ kã †R‡b wbB

mKvj Ñ weKvjfv‡jv Ñ g›`myLx Ñ `ytLxwg_¨v Ñ mZ¨

5. c‡ii PiYwU wjwL

Av‡`k K‡ib hvnv †gvi ¸iyR‡b,........................................

myLx †hb bvwn nB Avi Kv‡iv `y‡L,........................................

6. KweZvwU Ave„wË Kwi|

†cvlv cÖvYxi RM‡Z

gvgvi eÜz nvwg` mv‡ne MÖv‡g _v‡Kb| Zuvi Lvgv‡i A‡bK ckycvwL Av‡Q|gvgv GKw`b Avgv‡`i ej‡jb Ñ Pj, Avgiv nvwg` mv‡n‡ei Lvgvi †`‡LAvwm| Avgiv Avb‡›` †b‡P DVjvg| GK QywUi w`‡b gvgv Lvgvi evwo‡ZAvgv‡`i wb‡q †M‡jb| Avgiv wQjvg Pvi Rb Ñ Avgvi †evb kvby, cv‡kievwoi mvjgv I AvwZK Ges Avwg| nvwg` mv‡ne‡K †`‡L Avgiv mvjvgw`jvg| wZwbI Avgv‡`i mvjvg w`‡jb| Avgv‡`i †`‡L wZwb Lye Lywkn‡jb| Avgiv Lvgvi †`L‡Z †eiyjvg|

†`Ljvg bvbv i‡Oi Miy| †Kv‡bvUv mv`v, †Kv‡bvUv Kv‡jv Avi †Kv‡bvUvjvj‡P| K‡qKwU Miy Kx †hb Lv‡”Q| gv‡S gv‡S †jR w`‡q gkv-gvwQZvov‡”Q| mvjgv wR‡Ám Kij Ñ Iiv Kx Lvq ?nvwg` : Giv Nvm, Lo I fywl Lvq|

K‡qKwU Miy wKQy Lv‡”Q bv, wKš‘ e‡m e‡m wKQy wPey‡”Q| kvby Rvb‡Z PvBjMiy¸‡jv Kx wPey‡”Q|

nvwg` : Iiv Lvevi cÖ_‡g bv wPwe‡q wM‡j †d‡j| †m¸‡jv †c‡Ui †fZ‡iRwg‡q iv‡L| c‡i Giv Zv gy‡L G‡b wPwe‡q Lvq| Gi bvg Rvei KvUv|

nvwg` mv‡ne Rvbv‡jb, Lvgv‡ii MiyMy‡jv A‡bK `ya †`q| kvby wR‡ÁmKij, Avcwb GZ `ya Kx K‡ib ? nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb Ñ wKQy `ya AvwgLvB, evwK `ya evRv‡i wewµ K‡i w`B|

nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb, Miy Avgv‡`i A‡bK Kv‡R jv‡M| Giv jvOj Uv‡b,†L‡Z gB Uv‡b, avb gvovB K‡i| Avi †Z‡ji Nvwb Uv‡b|

gvgv ej‡jb, Mi“ Avgv‡`i Av‡iv DcKvi K‡i| Miyi Pvgov w`‡q RyZv,e¨vM Ges Av‡iv A‡bK wKQy ˆZwi nq|

Miyi N‡ii cv‡kB QvM‡ji Ni| A‡bK QvMj †mLv‡b Ny‡i †eov‡”Q,jvdv‡”Q, †QvUvQywU Ki‡Q| GivI bvbv i‡Oi Ñ mv`v, Kv‡jv Avi jvj‡P|nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb, Giv Nvm, Mv‡Qi cvZv Avi fywl Lvq| QvM‡ji `yaAvgiv LvB| G‡`i Pvgov w`‡qI A‡bK wKQy ˆZwi nq|

QvM‡ji N‡ii Kv‡QB †`Ljvg Nb Kv‡jv i‡Oi `ywU cÖvYx Nvm Lv‡”Q|†`L‡Z Miyi g‡Zv n‡jI A‡bK eo| G‡`i gv_vq †ek eo eo `ywU wks|

nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb, Giv gwnl| Miyi g‡ZvB wbixn cï| GB gwnl `ywUAvgvi Mvwo Uv‡b| G‡`i Mv‡q †ek †Rvi Av‡Q|

gvgv ej‡jb, Miyi g‡Zv GivI Avgv‡`i `ya †`q|

wKQy `�‡i †`Ljvg Av‡iKwU j¤^v Ni| †mLvb †_‡K †f‡m Avm‡Q A‡bKgyiwMi WvK| nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb, GUv Avgvi gyiwMi Lvgvi| nvwg`mv‡ne‡K †`‡L gyiwM¸‡jv KzK&-Kz-iy KzK&-Kz-iy K‡i WvKj| g‡b nq,nvwg` mv‡ne‡K Giv †P‡b| nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb, G‡`i fv‡jv Lveviw`‡j A‡bK wWg †`q|

gyiwMi N‡ii cv‡k †NivI †`Iqv †QvU GKwU cyKz‡i mv`v mv`v nuvm †f‡m†eov‡”Q| nuvm †`L‡Z Kx my›`i !

nvwg` mv‡n‡ei m‡½ Gevi Zuvi evwo‡Z wd‡i Gjvg| wZwb ej‡jb- Miy,QvMj, nuvm, gyiwM M„ncvwjZ Rxe| Gme cÖvYx Avgv‡`i A‡bK DcKviK‡i| mK‡ji DwPZ G‡`i fv‡jvevmv I hZœ †bIqv|

Ggb mgq wgquvI wgquvI kã †kvbv †Mj| ZvwK‡q †`wL N‡ii GK †Kv‡Ye‡m Av‡Q GKwU weovj| weov‡ji ZzjZz‡j big Mv| kvby Qy‡U †MjweovjUv‡K ai‡Z| weovjwU Agwb jvd w`‡q †Kv_vq cvwj‡q †Mj| nvwg`mv‡ne ej‡jb, weovjwU Avgvi A‡bK DcKvi K‡i| weovj Bu`yi a‡i|weov‡ji f‡q me Bu`yi cvwj‡q †M‡Q|

evB‡i Kv‡Ki Kv-Kv WvK †kvbv †Mj| †Kv_v †_‡K GKUv KzKzi G‡mKv‡Ki †cQ‡b QyU‡Z jvMj| nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb, GUv Avgvi †cvlvKzKzi| w`bivZ †m cvnviv †`q| †kqvj gyiwM Pzwi Ki‡Z G‡j KzKzi Zv‡KZvov K‡i|

Avgv‡`i N‡i †divi mgq n‡q Gj| nvwg` mv‡ne‡K mvjvg w`‡q Avgivevwoi c‡_ iIqvbv njvg|

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB| bZzb kã w`‡q K_v mvRvB

Lvgvi Ñ Miy, QvMj, gyiwM †mwjg mv‡n‡ei LvgviwUBZ¨vw` cÖvYx †hLv‡b Lye eo|

cvjb Kiv nq|wbixn Ñ kvš� Miy wbixn cÖvYx|Lo Ñ ïK‡bv Nvm cvwLi gy‡L GK UzK‡iv Lo

†`Lv hv‡”Q|jvj‡P Ñ jvj i‡Oi fve †iv‡` Zvi gyL jvj‡P †`Lv‡”Q|M„ncvwjZ Ñ N‡i †cvlv weovj M„ncvwjZ cÖvYx|ZzjZz‡j Ñ Lye big weovj-QvbvwUi Mv ZzjZz‡j|cvnviv †`Iqv Ñ †`Lv‡kvbv Kiv `v‡ivqvb fvB Avgv‡`i

evwo cvnviv †`b|

2. DËi ewj I wjwL

(K) LvgviwU Kvi ?(L) Lvgv‡i †K †K †Mj ?(M) Miy Kx Kx Lvq ?(N) Rvei KvUv Kx ?(O) QvMj Kx Lvq ?(P) Lvgv‡ii Miy-QvM‡ji is Kx Kx ?

(Q) gwnl †Kvb Kv‡R jv‡M ?(R) nuvm¸‡jvi is †Kgb ?(S) nvwg` mv‡n‡ei Lvgv‡i †Kvb †Kvb cÖvYx Av‡Q ?

3. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b ivwL

cÖvYx Ñ cÖ = c+i-djv ( ª) cÖKvi, cÖfvZeÜz Ñ Ü = b+a MÜ, eÜ

(-Ü = Ab¨fv‡e†jLv nq Ü)

NÈv Ñ È = Y+U eÈb, KÈKnv¤^v Ñ ¤^ = g+e K¤j, m¤^jZvov‡”Q Ñ ”Q = P+Q w`‡”Q, wb‡”Q†eov‡”Qjvdv‡”QwR‡Ám Ñ Á = R+T Ávb, weÁvbwewµ Ñ µ = K+i-djv ( ª) µg, weµq

(- µ = Ab¨fv‡e†jLv nq µ)

e¨vM Ñ e¨ = e+h-djv (¨) e¨_v, e¨vqvghvÎx Ñ Î = Z+i-djv ( ª) QvÎx, ivwÎM„ncvwjZ Ñ M„ = M+F-Kvi ( „ ) M„n, M„n¯’kã Ñ ã = e+` Aã, Rã

4. nvwg` mv‡n‡ei Lvgv‡i †h cÖvYx¸‡jv †bB †m¸‡jv †ei Kwi

Miy, QvMj, Mvav, †Nvov, gwnl, gyiwM, Li‡Mvm, nwiY

5. wecixZ k㸇jv †R‡b wbB

eÜz Ñ kÎy MÖvg Ñ kniAvb›` Ñ †e`bv j¤^v Ñ Lv‡UvDcKvi Ñ AcKvi ZzjZz‡j Ñ LmL‡m

6. hwZwPý¸‡jv †`‡L wbB

`uvwo (| ) Ñ Avgv‡`i †`‡L nvwg` mv‡ne Lye Lywk n‡jb|Kgv ( , ) Ñ Giv jvOj Uv‡b, †L‡Z gB Uv‡b, avb gvovB K‡i|cÖkœ wPý ( ?) Ñ Avcwb `ya Kx K‡ib ?

7. Miyi DcKvi wel‡q wZbwU evK¨ wjwL

†Uªbkvgmyi ivngvb

SK SK SK †Uªb P‡j‡QivZ `ycy‡i AB|†Uªb P‡j‡Q, †Uªb P‡j‡Q

†Uª‡bi evwo KB ?

GKUz wR‡ivq, †di Qy‡U hvqgvV †ciy‡jB eb|cy‡ji Ici evRbv ev‡RSb SbvSb Sb|

†`k we‡`‡k †eovq Ny‡i†bB‡Kv †Nvivi †kl|B‡”Q n‡jB evRvq euvwk,w`b †K‡U hvq †ek|

_vg‡e nVvr gRvi MvwoGKUz †K‡k LK|Avgvq wb‡q QyU‡e AveviSK SKvSK SK|

cvV wkwL1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB

ivZ `ycyi Ñ gvS ivZ ivZ `ycy‡i †kqvj¸‡jv WvK‡Q|wR‡ivq Ñ wekªvg †bq †m Mv‡Qi wb‡P wR‡ivq|†di Ñ Avevi| †di G KvRwU K‡iv bv|†ciy‡jB Ñ cvi n‡jB| gvV †ciy‡jB eb|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB

†Uªb Ñ Uª = U+i-djv ( ª) UªvK, UªvgB‡”Q Ñ ”Q = P+Q Av”Qv, hvw”QAB Ñ H = A+B HLv‡b, HiveZ

3. wVK kãwU †e‡Q wb‡q Lvwj RvqMvq emvB

†Uªb kã K‡i P‡j| - SKvSK/wSKwSK†Uªb P‡j‡Q | -w`b `ycy‡i / ivZ `ycy‡igvV cvi n‡jB |-eb/wejcy‡ji Ici †Uªb kã K‡i|- SbvSb/SgvSg

4. c‡ii PiYwU gy‡L ewj I wkwL

(K) B‡”Q n‡jB evRvq euvwk,-|

(L) _vg‡e nVvr gRvi Mvwo-|

5. wecixZ k㸇jv †R‡b wbB

ivZ Ñ w`b†`k Ñ we‡`k†kl Ñ ïiy_vgv Ñ Pjv

6. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj

(K) Pjvi mgq †Uªb †Kgb kã K‡i ?(L) cy‡ji Ici †Uªb †Kgb evRbv evRvq ?(M) †Uªb †Kv_vq Ny‡i †eovq ?(N) B‡”Q n‡j †Uªb Kx K‡i ?(O) †Uªb †Kgb kã K‡i _v‡g ?

GKz‡k †deª~qvwi

wk¶K : ej †Zv AvR KZ ZvwiL ?wkwib : AvR we‡k †deª~qvwi|wk¶K : AvMvgxKvj GKz‡k †deª~qvwi| Kvj Avgv‡`i ¯‹zj QywU|

GB w`bwU knx` w`em|iwk` : knx` w`em †Kb ejv nq m¨vi ?wk¶K : ejwQ| Zvi Av‡M ej †Zv knx` A_© Kx?wkwib : Rvwb bv m¨vi|wk¶K : huviv mZ¨ I b¨v‡qi Rb¨ Rxeb †`b, Zuv‡`i knx` ejv nq|

GKz‡k †deª~qvwi huviv gvZ…fvlvi gh©v`vi Rb¨ Rxebw`‡q knx` n‡qwQ‡jb Zuv‡`i ¯§i‡Y Avgiv knx`w`em cvjb Kwi|

cÖwZfv : m¨vi, Avgiv knx` w`em m¤c‡K© Rvb‡Z PvB|

wk¶K : †kvb| 1971 mv‡ji gnvb gyw³hy‡×i Av‡M Avgv‡`i †`k

cvwK¯Zv‡bi GKwU Ask wQj| bvg wQj cƒe© cvwK¯Zvb|

†Zvgiv Rvb †Zv Avgv‡`i gvZ…fvlv evsjv ?

Ugvm : Avgiv Rvwb, evsjv Avgv‡`i gvZ…fvlv|

wk¶K : ïay gvZ…fvlv bq, Avgv‡`i ivóªfvlvI evsjv| wKš‘

cvwK¯Zvb Avg‡j kvm‡Kiv evsjv fvlv‡K ev` w`‡q D`y©

fvlv‡K ivóªfvlv e‡j †NvlYv †`q|

iwk` : Zvici m¨vi ?

wk¶K : evOvwjiv GB †NvlYvi cÖwZev` K‡i| Zviv mfv K‡i, wgwQj

K‡i| wVK nq, 1952 mv‡ji GKz‡k †deª~qvwi mviv †`‡k

cÖwZev` mfv Avi wgwQj n‡e| miKvi †m w`b wgwQj I mfv

Kiv †eAvBwb †NvlYv K‡i|

kvgxg : †m w`b wK m¨vi wgwQj mfv nqwb ?

wk¶K : n‡qwQj| mfvi †k‡l wgwQj K‡i QvÎ-RbZv iv¯Zvq

†ei nq| ZLb cywjk wgwQ‡ji Ici ¸wj Pvjvq|

wkjy eo~qv : Zvici Kx nj m¨vi ?

wk¶K : †m w`b cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z knx` nb iwdK, ReŸvi, eiKZ

Ges AvnZ nb mvjvg| c‡ii w`b cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z knx`

nb kwdDi| AvnZ mvjvg c‡i g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib| Guiv mevB

gvZ…fvlvi Rb¨ Rxeb w`‡q‡Qb| Guiv knx`|

wkwib : m¨vi, G Rb¨B eywS GKz‡k †deª~qvwi knx` w`em ?wk¶K : wVK e‡jQ| GKz‡k †deª~qvwi knx` w`em| †m w`b

Avgiv fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi knx`‡`i ¯§iY Kwi| knx`wgbv‡i wM‡q dzj w`B| G‡mv Avgiv ewj Ñ knx`¯§„wZAgi †nvK|

vÎQvÎxi : knx`¯§„wZ Agi †nvK|

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ mvRvB

knx` Ñ b¨vq I m‡Z¨i Avgiv knx`‡`i m¤§vb Kwi|Rb¨ huvivRxeb †`b

w`em Ñ w`b knx` w`e‡m Avgivknx` wgbv‡i dzj w`B|

knx` w`em Ñ knx`‡`i ¯§i‡Y GKz‡k †deª~qvwi knx`†h w`em w`em|cvwjZ nq|

kwdDi ingvb iwdK DÏxbAveyj eiKZReŸvi

b¨vq Ñ bxwZ, mZ¨ b¨v‡qi Rb¨ joe|¯§iY Ñ ¯§„wZ, g‡b Kiv Avgiv knx`‡`i ¯§i‡Y

G mfv KiwQ|gvZ…fvlv Ñ gv‡qi gy‡Li fvlv evsjv Avgv‡`i gvZ…fvlv|ivóªfvlv Ñ †h fvlv w`‡q

iv‡óªi KvRKg© evsjv Avgv‡`i ivóªfvlv|P‡j

†NvlYv Ñ D”P kã K‡i AvMvgxKvj QywUi †NvlYvRvbv‡bv nj|

†eAvBwb Ñ AvBb we‡ivax KL‡bv †eAvBwb KvRKie bv|

wgwQj Ñ †Kv‡bv D‡Ï‡k¨ GK`j gvbyl wgwQj K‡ieû gvby‡li hv‡”Q|

GK mv‡_ hvÎvcÖwZev` Ñ weiy‡× ejv Avwg †Zvgvi K_vi cÖwZev`

KiwQ|Av‡›`vjb Ñ †Kv‡bv wKQyi `vwe‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki gvbyl

cÖwZev` Kiv evsjvfvlvi Rb¨ Av‡›`vjbK‡i‡Q|

Agi Ñ g„Zz¨nxb knx`MY Agi|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b ivwL

†deª~qvwi Ñ eª = e+i-djv ( ª) eªZ, eªZxb¨vq Ñ b¨ = b+h-djv (¨) Ab¨vq, ab¨ev`mZ¨ Ñ Z¨ = Z+h-djv (¨) AZ¨vPvi, AZ¨š�¯§iY Ñ ¯§ = m+g we¯§q, ¯§„wZc�e© Ñ e© = †id ( © )+e me©, Me©

cvwK¯Zvb Ñ ¯Z = m+Z g¯Z, iv¯ZvgvZ…fvlv Ñ Z… = Z+F-Kvi ( „) Z…Y, Z…wßcÖwZev` Ñ cÖ = c+i-djv ( ª) cÖwZw`b, cÖZ¨nivóªfvlv Ñ óª = l+U+i-djv ( ª) Dóª, †jvó«Av‡›`vjb Ñ ›` = b+` e›`x, Avb›`ReŸvi Ñ eŸ = e+e AveŸv, gyiyweŸ

3. wecixZkã †R‡b wbB

b¨vq Ñ Ab¨vqmZ¨ Ñ wg_¨vRxeb Ñ giY

4. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj I wjwL

(K) GKz‡k †deª~qvwi QywUi w`b †Kb ?(L) knx` K_vwUi A_© Kx ?(M) Kv‡`i gvZ„fvlv evsjv ?(N) Kv‡`i ivóªfvlv evsjv ?(O) c�e© cvwK¯Zv‡bi gvbyl †Kb cÖwZev` Kij ?(P) Kviv GKz‡k †deª~qvwi‡Z knx` nb ?

5. evsjv fvlvi Rb¨ huviv knx` n‡q‡Qb, Zuv‡`i bvg †R‡b wbB

iwdK, ReŸvi, eiKZ, kwdDi, mvjvg

6. ev‡K¨ wVK kã emvB

(K) hvuiv mZ¨ I b¨v‡qi Rb¨ ÑÑÑÑÑÑ †`b Zuv‡`i knx` e‡j|(L) evsjv Avgv‡`i ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ |(M) GKz‡k †deª~qvwi‡K ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ w`em ejv nq|(N) Avgiv ÑÑÑÑÑ w`‡q knx`‡`i ¯§iY Kwi|

Avgv‡`i †QvU b`xiex›`ªbv_ VvKzi

Avgv‡`i †QvU b`x P‡j euv‡K euv‡K,ˆekvL gv‡m Zvi nuvUzRj _v‡K|cvi n‡q hvq Miy, cvi nq Mvwo,`yB avi DuPz Zvi, Xvjy Zvi cvwo|

wPKwPK K‡i evwj, †Kv_v bvB Kv`v,GK av‡i Kvkeb dz‡j dz‡j mv`v|wKwPwgwP K‡i †m_v kvwj‡Ki SuvK,iv‡Z I‡V †_‡K †_‡K †kqv‡ji nuvK|

Zx‡i Zx‡i †Q‡j‡g‡q bvwnevi Kv‡jMvgQvq Rj fwi Mv‡q Zviv Xv‡j|mKv‡j weKv‡j Kfy bvIqv n‡j c‡iAvuP‡j QuvwKqv Zviv †QvU gvQ a‡i|

Avlv‡p ev`j bv‡g, b`x f‡iv f‡iv,gvwZqv QywUqv P‡j aviv LiZi|`yB K‚‡j e‡b e‡b c‡o hvq mvov,eilvi Drm‡e †R‡M I‡V cvov|

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ wjwL

euv‡K euv‡K Ñ Gu‡K †eu‡K LvjwU euv‡K euv‡K P‡j|nuvUzRj Ñ nuvUz mgvb cyKzi ïwK‡q hv‡”Q, GLb cyKz‡i

cvwb nuvUzRj n‡q‡Q|wPKwPK Ñ D¾¡j †iv‡` evwj wPKwPK Ki‡Q|SuvK Ñ `j GK SuvK cvwL D‡o †Mj|nuvK Ñ WvK †Rv‡i nuvK `vI|bvIqv Ñ †Mvmj †Zvgvi GLbI bvIqv-LvIqv nqwb ?ev`j Ñ e„wó †Rv‡i ev`j †b‡g‡Q|aviv Ñ †mªvZ e„wói avivq me †f‡m †M‡Q|LiZi Ñ cÖej LiZi †e‡M †bŠKv Pj‡Q|f‡iv f‡iv Ñ cÖvq fiv GB el©vq b`x f‡iv f‡iv n‡q‡Q|K‚j Ñ b`xi Zxi b`xi K‚‡j †bŠKv wfovI|mvov Ñ †kvi‡Mvj, †Zvgvi mvov †c‡q Avwg †ewi‡q

AvIqvR Gjvg|Drme Ñ Avb‡›`i eo Avcvi we‡qi Drm‡e Lye

Abyôvb Avb›` nj|

2. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj I wjwL

(K) †QvU b`x Kxfv‡e P‡j ?(L) ˆekvL gv‡m †QvU b`xi cvwb KZUzKz _v‡K ?

(M) b`xi `yB avi †Kgb ?(N) Kvkdz‡ji is Kx ?(O) KLb †kqv‡ji nuvK †kvbv hvq ?(P) Kxfv‡e †Q‡j‡g‡q gvQ a‡i ?(Q) KLb b`x f‡i hvq ?

3. wVK kã ewm‡q Lvwj RvqMv cuiY Kwi

(K) kvwj‡Ki SuvK ÑÑÑÑ K‡i| wPKwPK(L) e‡b e‡b c‡o hvq ÑÑÑÑ| Miy(M) cvi n‡q hvq ÑÑÑÑÑ | wKwPwgwP(N) Kvkeb dz‡j dz‡j ÑÑÑÑ | mvov(O) evwj ÑÑÑÑÑ K‡i| mv`v wSKwSK

4. c‡ii PiYwU ewj

cvi n‡q hvq Miy, cvi nq Mvwo|ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑyB K‚‡j e‡b e‡b c‡o hvq mvov,

ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ

5. †h me kã `y evi i‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv †R‡b wbB

euv‡K euv‡K, dz‡j dz‡j, †_‡K †_‡K, Zx‡i Zx‡i,f‡iv f‡iv, e‡b e‡b|

6. KweZvwU Ave„wË Kwi I wjwL

w`b mßvn gvm eQi

Ic‡i Avgiv `ywU Qwe †`LwQ| evg w`‡Ki QwewU w`‡bi †ejvi| Wvb w`‡KiQwewU iv‡Zi|

m�h© cye w`‡K I‡V Avi cwðg w`‡K Wy‡e hvq| m�h© IVv †_‡K m�h© †Wvevch©š� mgq‡K ejv nq w`b| m�h© hLb I‡V, ZLb nq mKvj| m�h© hLbgv_vi Ic‡i _v‡K, ZLb ycyi| m�h© cwðg w`‡K †M‡j weKvj nq| m�h© hLb†Wv‡e, ZLb nq mܨv|

iv‡Zi Qwe‡Z †`L‡Z cvw”Q Puv` D‡V‡Q| AvKv‡k A‡bK Zviv| m�h© A¯Zhvevi ci †_‡K m�h© IVv ch©š� mgq nj ivZ| †gvU PweŸk NÈvq nq GKw`b GK ivZ| mnR K‡i ewj, PweŸk N›Uvq nq GK w`b|

mvZ w`b Avi mvZ ivZ wg‡j nq GK mßvn| mnR K‡i Avgiv ewj, mvZw`‡b GK mßvn| GB mvZwU w`‡bi mvZwU bvg i‡q‡Q| mßv‡ni cÖ_gw`‡bi bvg kwbevi| evwK Qq w`‡bi bvg iweevi, †mvgevi, g½jevi,

eyaevi, e„n¯cwZevi Avi ïµevi| ïµevi QywUi w`b| mviv eQi Av‡ivA‡bK QywUi w`b i‡q‡Q| †hgb c‡njv ˆekvL, GKz‡k †deªyqvwi, ¯^vaxbZvw`em (QvweŸ‡k gvP©), weRq w`em (†lvjB wW‡m¤^i)| K¨v‡jÛv‡ii w`‡KZvKv‡j †`L‡e, eQ‡ii me QywUi w`b jvj Kvwj‡Z Qvcv n‡q‡Q|

c‡bi w`‡b nq GK c¶| wÎk w`‡b GK gvm| evi gv‡m nq GK eQi|evsjv m‡bi cÖ_g gvm ˆekvL| evwK gvm¸‡jvi bvg ˆR¨ô, Avlvp, kªveY,fv`ª, Avwk¦b, KvwZ©K, AMÖnvqY, †cŠl, gvN, dvêyb, ˆPÎ| cª‡Z¨K gvmwÎk w`‡b nq bv| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gvm GKwÎk w`‡bI nq| Avevi †Kv‡bvmgq ewÎk w`‡bI GK gvm nq|

411 18 25

kwb

512 19 26

iwe

613 20 27

†mvg

714 21 28

g½j1815 22 29

eya2916 23 30

e„n.310 17 24 31

ïµ1409

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ Mwo

A¯Z Ñ Wy‡e hvIqv m�h© cwðg w`‡K A¯Z hvq|mܨv Ñ muvS mܨvi mgq evwZ R¡‡j|mßvn Ñ mvZ w`b Avgv‡`i ¯‹zj GK mßvn QywU|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbBmßvn Ñ ß = c+Z Myß, ißwØZxq Ñ Ø = `+e-djv Øxc, Øvim�h© Ñ h© = †id ( ©)+h Kvh©, avh©cwðg Ñ ð = k+P wbðq, cðvrmܨv Ñ Ü = b+a AÜ, eÜb

(- Ü = Ab¨fv‡e†jLv nq Ü)

PweŸk Ñ eŸ = e+e AveŸv, †gvieŸvNÈv Ñ È = Y+U eÈb, KÈKg½jevi Ñ ½ = O+M R½j,m½x

(- ½ = Ab¨fv‡e†jLv nq ½)

e„n¯cwZevi Ñ ¯c = m+c ¯ck©, ¯cóïµevi Ñ µ = K+i-djv ( ª) Pµ, eµ

(- µ = Ab¨fv‡e†jLv nq µ)

c¶ Ñ ¶ = K+l `¶, e¶

EbwÎk Ñ Î = Z+i-djv ( ª) QvÎx, ivwÎGKwÎkˆPΈR¨ô Ñ ô = l+V Iô, KvôkªveY Ñ kª = k+i-djv ( ª) †kªYx, kªeYfv`ª Ñ `ª = `+i-djv ( ª) f`ª, we‡`ªvnAvwk¦b Ñ k¦ = k+e-djv Ak¦, wek¦vmKvwZ©K Ñ Z© = †id ( © )+Z MZ©, kZ©AMÖnvqY Ñ MÖ = M+i-djv ( ª) MÖn, MÖvgdvêyb Ñ ê = j+M eêv, dêy

3. †R‡b ivwL

mKvj †_‡K mܨv ch©š� mgq Ñ w`bmܨv †_‡K m�h© IVv ch©š� mgq Ñ ivZm�h© hLb I‡V ZLb Ñ mKvjm�h© gv_vi Ic‡i _vK‡j Ñ `ycyim�h© cwðg w`‡K †M‡j Ñ weKvjPweŸk NÈvq Ñ GK w`b GK ivZmvZ w`‡b Ñ GK mßvnc‡bi w`‡b Ñ GK c¶wÎk w`‡b Ñ GK gvmevi gv‡m Ñ GK eQi

4. mßv‡ni w`b¸‡jvi bvg ewj

kwbevi, iweevi, †mvgevi, g½jevi, eyaevi, e„n¯cwZevi,ïµevi|

5. evsjv m‡bi gvm¸‡jvi bvg ewj

ˆekvL, ˆR¨ô, Avlvp, kªveY, fv`ª, Avwk¦b, KvwZ©K, AMÖnvqY,†cŠl, gvN, dvêyb, ˆPÎ

6. kub¨¯’vb cuiY Kwi

PweŸk NÈvq nq ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑmvZ w`‡b nq ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑc‡bi w`‡b nq ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑwÎk w`‡b nq ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑevi gv‡m nq ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ

7. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj I wjwL

(K) m�h© †Kvb w`‡K I‡V Avi †Kvb w`‡K A¯Z hvq ?(L) KLb `ycyi nq ?(M) Puv` I Zviv KLb †`Lv hvq ?(N) Kq w`‡b GK mßvn nq ?(O) KZ w`‡b GK c¶ ?(P) GK gv‡m KZ w`b ?

Avgv‡`i GB evsjv‡`kˆmq` kvgmyj nK

m~h© IVvi c~e©‡`kevsjv‡`k|Avgvi wcÖq Avcb †`kevsjv‡`k|Avgv‡`i GB evsjv‡`k|

Kwei †`k ex‡ii †`kAvgvi †`k ¯^vaxb †`kevsjv‡`k|

av‡bi †`k Mv‡bi †`k†Z‡ivkZ b`xi †`kevsjv‡`k|

Avgvi fvlv evsjv fvlvgv †kLv‡jb gvZ…fvlvwgwó †ek|

g‡bi fvlv R‡bi fvlvGB fvlv‡Z fv‡jvevmvgv‡qi †`k|evsjv‡`kAvgv‡`i GB evsjv‡`k|

[ms‡¶wcZ]

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ ˆZwi Kwi

c~e©‡`k Ñ c~e© w`‡K Av‡Q c~e© †`‡k m~h© I‡V|Ggb †`k|

wcÖq Ñ cQ›` Kiv nq Ggb| GwU Avgvi wcÖq eB|Avcb Ñ wbR| Avgvi Avcb evwo‡Z _vwK|Kwe Ñ whwb KweZv †j‡Lb| bRi“j Avgv‡`i RvZxq Kwe|exi Ñ ejevb I mvnmx| G †`k ex‡ii †`k|¯^vaxb Ñ gy³| Avgiv ¯^vaxb †`‡ki gvbyl|

2. hy³eY©My‡jv wP‡b wbB|

m~h© Ñ h© = †id ( © ) + h Kvh©, ˆah©c~e© Ñ e© = †id ( © ) + e Me©, me©wcÖq Ñ cÖ = c + i-djv ( ª) cÖ_g, cÖPvi¯^vaxb Ñ ¯ = m + e-djv ¯^i, ¯^‡`kgvZ…fvlv Ñ Z… = Z + F-Kvi ( „) Z…Y, Z…òvwgwó Ñ ó = l + U Kó, †Póv

3. gy‡L gy‡L DËi w`B

(K) m~h© IVvi c~e©‡`k †KvbwU?(L) †Kvb †`k ex‡ii †`k?(M) †Kvb †`k b`xi †`k?(N) †K gvZ…fvlv †kLv‡jb?(O) Avgv‡`i gv‡qi †`k †KvbwU?

4. c‡ii jvBbwU ewj

(K) Avgvq wcÖq Avcb †`k---------------------------------------

(L) av‡bi †`k Mv‡bi †`k---------------------------------------

(M) g‡bi fvlv R‡bi fvlv---------------------------------------

5. KweZvwU mevB wg‡j cwo I wjwL

Kwei cwiwPwZ

ˆmq` kvgmyj n‡Ki Rb¥ 27†k wW‡m¤^i 1935 wLªóv‡ã KzwoMÖv‡g| wZwbKweZv, Dcb¨vm, bvUK I cÖeÜ wj‡L L¨vwZ AR©b K‡i‡Qb| mvwnZ¨ mvab-vi ¯^xK…wZ wn‡m‡e wZwb evsjv GKv‡Wgx cyi¯‹vi I GKz‡k c`Kmn eûcyi¯‹vi †c‡q‡Qb| wkï-wK‡kvi‡`i R‡b¨ Zuvi †jLv eB‡qi g‡a¨D‡j�L‡hvM¨ Ômxgv‡šZi wmsnvmbÕ, ÔAvby eo nqÕ, ÔnWm‡bi eÜyÕ BZ¨vw`|

evi gv‡m Qq FZz

[ MÖx‡®§i QywU n‡q‡Q| `xcy, iwe, nvmy I mxgv Pvi fvB-†evb MÖv‡g Zv‡`ibvbvi evwo‡Z †eov‡Z G‡m‡Q| GK w`b weKv‡j evwoi D‡Vv‡bi GK †Kv‡YAvg Mv‡Qi wb‡P mevB G‡m emj| ]

bvbvfvB : †Zvgiv MÖx‡®§i QywU‡Z MÖv‡g †eov‡Z G‡mQ †`‡L Avwg

Lye Lywk n‡qwQ|

`xcy : AvgivI Lye Lywk bvbvfvB|

iwe : mevB GLv‡b A‡bK gRv KiwQ|

bvbvfvB : †ek †ek| ej †Zv MÖx®§ Kv‡K e‡j ?

mxgv : Av¤§v e‡j‡Qb, Mªx®§ A_© Mi‡gi w`b|

bvbvfvB : †Zvgvi Av¤§v wVK e‡j‡Qb| G mg‡q fxlY Mig c‡o|

Avevi †`L, KLbI e„wó nq, KLbI kxZ c‡o|

evsjv‡`‡k `yB gvm ci ci cÖK…wZ e`‡j hvq| cÖwZ `yB

gvm‡K Avgiv ewj FZz| ej †`wL, evi gv‡m Kq FZz ?

nvmy : Qq FZz bvbvfvB|

bvbvfvB : wVK e‡jQ| ˆekvL I ˆR¨ô gvm‡K Avgiv ewjMÖx®§Kvj| MÖx®§Kv‡j Mig c‡o| ZLb Mv‡Q A‡bKdj a‡i| Avg, Rvg, KuvVvj, wjPz, ZigyR, Avbvim,Av‡iv KZ Kx ! G mgq Kvj‰ekvLx So nq|

mxgv : wR¡ bvbvfvB| S‡oi w`‡b AvgKzov‡Z Kx gRv !`xcy : Avgiv KweZvqI c‡owQ Ñ S‡oi w`‡b gvgvi evwo

Avg Kzov‡Z myL|bvbvfvB : MÖx®§Kv‡ji c‡iB Av‡m el©vKvj| Avlvp-kªveY `yB

gvm el©vKvj| e„wó‡Z Lvj-wej, b`x-bvjv cvwb‡Zf‡i hvq| KL‡bv KL‡bv eb¨v nq|

nvmy : KweZvq Avgiv c‡owQÑe„wó c‡o Uvcyi Uzcyi, b‡`qGj evb|

bvbvfvB : G mgq K`g, †Kqv, MÜivR I †ewj dzj †dv‡U|`xcy : el©vKv‡ji ci †Kvb FZz Av‡m bvbvfvB ?bvbvfvB : el©vi c‡i Av‡m kirKvj| fv`ª-Avwk¦b `yB gvm

kirKvj| GB mgq bxj AvKv‡k mv`v †gN †f‡m†eovq|

nvmy : G mg‡q wkDwj dzj †dv‡U| Lv‡j-we‡j †dv‡U kvcjvdzj| b`xZxi f‡i hvq mv`v Kvk dz‡j|

iwe : KweZvq c‡owQ Ñ GK av‡i Kvkeb dz‡j dz‡j mv`v|bvbvfvB : G mgq Zvj cv‡K| Zv‡ji wcVv †Zvgiv LvIwb ?mxgv : nu¨v †L‡qwQ ! Zv‡ji wcVv Lye gRvi|bvbvfvB : KvwZ©K I AMÖnvqY `yB gvm †ngš�Kvj| GB FZz‡Z

Pvwl‡`i A‡bK Avb›`| gv‡V gv‡V †`Lv hvq †mvbvwjavb| ZLb N‡i N‡i bev‡bœi Drme|

`xcy : bevbœ Kx ?bvbvfvB : bevbœ gv‡b bZzb dmj N‡i †Zvjvi Drme| G mgq

evwoi gwnjviv bZzb Pvj w`‡q cv‡qm wdiwb iuv‡ab|nvmy : Gic‡ii `y gv‡mi bvg Kx ?bvbvfvB : c‡ii `yB gvm †cŠl I gvN| GB `yB gvm wb‡q

kxZKvj| kxZKv‡j A‡bK Mv‡Qi cvZv S‡i hvq|†LRy‡ii ¸o I i‡mi wcVv ˆZwi nq|

mxgv : kxZKv‡j †Kv‡bv dzj †dv‡U bv ?bvbvfvB : †dv‡U| Muv`v I m�h©gyLx| kx‡Zi dj Kgjv‡jey| G

mgq bvbv iKg ZwiZiKvwiI cvIqv hvq|

bvbvfvB : eQ‡ii †kl `yB gvm dvêyb I ˆPÎ| GB `yB gvm wb‡qemš�Kvj| emš�Kvj‡K FZzivR ejv nq| G mgqMv‡Q Mv‡Q bZzb cvZv †`Lv hvq| Pviw`‡K †dv‡U n‡iKiK‡gi dzj| Av‡gi Wv‡j bZzb gyKz‡j †gŠgvwQ ¸b¸bK‡i| †KvwKj wgwó my‡i Mvb K‡i|

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB

cÖK…wZ Ñ evB‡ii RMr evsjv‡`‡ki cÖK…wZ Lye my›`i|FZz Ñ eQ‡ii wewfbœ evsjv‡`k Qq FZzi †`k|

mg‡qi fvM|Kvj‰ekvLx Ñ ˆekv‡Li So Kvj‰ekvLx‡Z Nievwo c‡o †M‡Q|

Drme Ñ Avb›` Abyôvb wµ‡KU †Ljvq Rqx n‡q ZvivDrme Ki‡Q|

cv‡qm Ñ Pvj, `ya I wPwb gv cv‡qm †iu‡a‡Qb|mn‡hv‡M ˆZwiwgóvbœ

n‡iK Ñ bvbv, eû evev n‡iK iKg †Ljbv G‡b‡Qb|gyKj Ñ Kzuwo, gDj Avg Mv‡Q gyKzj †`Lv hv‡”Q|iƒc Ñ †mŠ›`h© cÖK…wZi bvbv iƒc Avgv‡`i Avb›`

†`q|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB

A_© Ñ _© = †id ( © )+_ e¨_©, mv_©KcÖK…wZ Ñ K… = K+F-Kvi ( „) AvK…wZ, K…wZˆR¨ô Ñ ô = l+V Iô, Kvôel©vKvj Ñ l© = †id ( © )+l el©Y, nl©kªveY Ñ kª = k+i-djv ( ª) wekªvg, kªeYeb¨v Ñ b¨ = b+h-djv ( ¨ ) eb¨, ˆmb¨fv`ª Ñ `ª = `+i-djv ( ª) ¶z`ª, f`ªAvwk¦b Ñ k¦ = k+e-djv Ak¦, wek¦KvwZ©K Ñ Z© = †id ( © )+Z KZ©v, MZ©AMÖnvqY Ñ MÖ = M+i-djv ( ª) MÖnY, MÖvg†ngš�Kvj Ñ š� = b+Z `š�, kvš� emš�Kvjbevbœ Ñ bœ = b+b Abœ, wfbœˆPÎ Ñ Î = Z+i-djv ( ª) QvÎ, wgÎdvêyb Ñ ê = j+M eêv, dêy

3. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj(K) bvbvi evwo‡Z Kviv †eov‡Z wM‡q‡Q ?(L) cÖwZ `yB gvm‡K Kx ejv nq ?(M) evi gv‡m Kq FZz ?(N) KLb †ewk Mig c‡o ?(O) KLb b`x‡Z evb nq ?(P) bxj AvKv‡k mv`v †gN KLb †`Lv hvq ?(Q) bevbœ Kx ?(R) bev‡bœ gwnjviv Kx K‡ib ?(S) KLb Mv‡Qi cvZv S‡i hvq ?(T) †KvwKj wgwó my‡i Mvb Mvq KLb ?

4. GKwU FZz I gv‡mi bvg †`Iqv Av‡Q| Ab¨¸‡jvi bvg ci ci ewjI wjwL

(K) ˆekvL ˆR¨ô `yB gvm MÖx®§Kvj|(L) ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ(M) ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ(N) ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ(O) ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ(P) ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ

5. †KvbUvi m‡½ †KvbUvi wgj Zv wVK Kwi

(K) kirKv‡j Kvj‰ekvLx So nq(L) el©vKv‡j A‡bK Mv‡Qi cvZv S‡i hvq(M) †ngš�Kv‡j b`xbvjv cvwb‡Z f‡i hvq(N) emš�Kv‡j bevbœDrme nq(O) kxZKv‡j †KvwKj Wv‡K(P) MÖx®§Kv‡j Zvj cv‡K

KvK Wv‡K

6. el©vKvj I kirKv‡ji dzj¸‡jvi bvg †ei Kwi

wkDwj, K`g, †Kqv, Kvk, MÜivR, †ewj

MÖx‡®§i `ycy‡idRjyi ingvb

SuvS gvLvnvIqv G‡m

Wv‡j †`q Svc&Uv !cvZv b‡odzj c‡o

evc‡i wK `vc&Uv !

wej av‡i wPj e‡mÕNb Nb Wv‡K †i|

gvwS e‡m Xyj Lvq†LqvNvU euv‡K †i !

Nvg S‡i`i`i

MÖx‡®§i `ycy‡i|Lvj wej†PŠwPi,

Rj †bB cyKz‡i|gv‡V Nv‡U†jvK †bB,

Luv Luv K‡i †ivÏyi !wccvmvqcw_‡Ki

QvwZ Kuv‡c `yÏyi|†iv` †hbbq, ïay

MbM‡b dzj&wK|Av¸‡bi†Nvov †hb

Qy‡U P‡j `yj&wK|

cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB

`i`i Ñ Mwo‡q cov, Aweivg cov†PŠwPi Ñ Pvi fvM, †d‡U UzK‡iv UzK‡ivLuv Luv †ivÏyi Ñ fxlY Kov †iv`QvwZ Ñ eyKMbM‡b Ñ Lye R¡jš�dzj&wK Ñ wQU‡K cov Av¸‡bi KYv ev Lye †QvU Ask`yj&wK Ñ †Nvovi ax‡i Pjvi fw½SuvS Ñ AvuP, †ZRSvc&Uv Ñ av°vXyj Lvq Ñ Ny‡gi †Nv‡i gv_v †`vjvq†LqvNvU Ñ b`xi †h RvqMv n‡Z †bŠKvq cvivcvi Kiv nqeuv‡K Ñ b`xi †gv‡o

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB

MÖx®§ Ñ ®§ = l+g D®§†ivÏyi Ñ Ï = `+` LÏi, †PŠÏ

3. hwZwPý wP‡b wbB, = Kgv Lvj, wej, cyKz‡i gvQ †bB|

| = `uvwo we‡ji av‡i wPj e‡m Av‡Q|! = we¯§q wPý Kx my›`i Avgv‡`i †`k !

4. wVK kã †e‡Q Lvwj RvqMvq emvBK. Nvg S‡i ---------- SiSi/ `i`iL. ------------- †PŠwPi b`xbvjv / LvjwejM. -------- K‡i †ivÏyi Luv Luv / Suv SuvN. SuvS gvLv ----- G‡m Wvj/nvIqvO. ------- e‡m Xyj Lvq wPj/gvwS

5. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj(K) †Kvb FZz‡Z `i`i K‡i Nvg S‡i ?(L) MÖx‡®§i `ycy‡i Lvjwej †Kgb _v‡K ?(M) gv‡V-Nv‡U †Kb †jvK _v‡K bv ?(N) MÖx‡®§i †iv` †Kgb ?(O) we‡ji av‡i e‡m wPj Kx K‡i ?(P) gvwS †Kv_vq e‡m Xyj Lvq ?

6. kã w`‡q evK¨ Mwo`i`i Ñ Mi‡g †Q‡j‡g‡qiv `i`i K‡i Nvg‡Q|†PŠwPi Ñ cÖPÊ Mi‡g dm‡ji gvV †d‡U †PŠwPi|†ivÏyi Ñ MÖx‡®§i †ivÏyi †eRvq Kov|MbMb Ñ `ycy‡ii m�h©Uv †hb MbMb Ki‡Q|`yj&wK Ñ `yj&wK Pv‡j †Nvov P‡j|Svc&Uv Ñ evZv‡mi Svc&Uv Mv‡q jvM‡Q|†LqvNvU Ñ †LqvNv‡U mvwi mvwi †bŠKv euvav _v‡K|euv‡K Ñ b`xi euv‡K euv‡K wWwO †bŠKv P‡j|

7. KweZvwU Ave„wË Kwi I wjwL

exi‡kªô bui †gvnv¤§` †kL

1971 mvj| e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb ¯^vaxbZvi WvK w`‡jb|ïi“ nj gyw³hy×| †mB hy‡× †hvMw`‡jb K…lK, kªwgK, QvÎ, RbZv|Ggwb GKRb gyw³‡hv×v b�i †gvnv¤§` †kL| hy‡× wZwb knx` nb|

b�i †gvnv¤§` †k‡Li Rb¥ nq bovBj †Rjvi gwnl‡Lvjv MÖv‡g| ZuviwcZvi bvg †gvnv¤§` AvgvbZ †kL| gv‡qi bvg †RbœvZz‡bœmv| b�i†gvnv¤§` †kL MÖv‡gi ¯‹z‡j †jLvcov K‡ib| Zvici wZwb ˆmwbKnb| wZwb †`k‡K Lye fv‡jvevm‡Zb|

GKvˇii †m‡Þ¤^i gvm| h‡kvi †Rjvi †MvqvjnvwU MÖv‡g hy×n‡”Q| GKw`‡K cvwK¯Zvwb ˆmb¨`j, Ab¨w`‡K b�i †gvnv¤§` I Zuvim½xiv| bƒi †gvnv¤§‡`i m½x Pvi Rb gyw³‡hv×v| GK R‡bi bvgbvbœ~ wgqv| GK mgq GKUv ¸wj bvbœ~ wgqvi ey‡K jvMj| bvbœ~ wgqvAvnZ n‡jb| bƒi †gvnv¤§` hy× Ki‡Z jvM‡jb|

nVvr Kvgv‡bi GKUv †Mvjv bƒi †gvnv¤§‡`i Kuv‡a G‡m jvMj| bƒi†gvnv¤§` c‡o †M‡jb| Zuvi kixi †_‡K i³ SiwQj| Zey wZwb_vg‡jb bv| m½x‡`i ej‡jb, †Zvgiv bvbœ~ wgqv‡K wb‡q m‡i hvI|m½xiv bƒi †gvnv¤§`‡K wb‡q †h‡Z PvB‡jb| wKš‘ bƒi †gvnv¤§`†M‡jb bv, GKvB hy× Ki‡jb| eû kÎy‰mb¨ LZg Ki‡jb| hy×Ki‡Z Ki‡Z kÎyi ¸wj‡Z wZwb gviv †M‡jb| wZwb knx` n‡jb,wKš‘ Zuvi m½xiv †eu‡P †Mj|

jvL jvL cÖv‡Yi wewbg‡q evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb nj| exi gyw³‡hv×viv

m¤§vb †c‡jb| Zuv‡`i †`Iqv nj bvbv †LZve| †KD n‡jb exi-cÖZxK, †KD exi-weµg, †KD exi-DËg, †KD exi‡kªô| gyw³‡hv×vbƒi †gvnv¤§` GKRb mvnmx exi| exi‡`i g‡a¨ †miv| †mRb¨ wZwbexi‡kªô|

evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ exi‡kªô b�i †gvnv¤§` jovB K‡i‡Qb|wZwb wb‡Ri K_v fv‡ebwb| †`‡ki K_v †f‡e‡Qb| †`k‡Kfv‡jvevmv me‡P‡q eo KvR| †mB KvRB wZwb Rxeb w`‡qK‡i‡Qb| Avgiv ¯^vaxbZv jvf K‡iwQ| exi‡kªô b�i †gvnv¤§` †kLAvgv‡`i Me©| Avgiv Zuv‡K fv‡jvevwm, kª×v Kwi|

cvV wkwL

1. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj

(K) †K ¯^vaxbZvi WvK †`b ?(L) evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× KLb ïiy nq ?(M) bƒi †gvnv¤§` †Kv_vq hy× K‡iwQ‡jb ?(N) wZwb Kxfv‡e knx` n‡jb ?(O) gyw³‡hv×viv KLb †LZve †c‡jb ?(P) bƒi †gvnv¤§` †kL‡K †Kb exi‡kªô ejv nq ?

2. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB| bZzb evK¨ Mwo

†kªô Ñ mevi †miv ingvb †kªô dzUej †L‡jvqvo|weL¨vZ Ñ bvgKiv wZwb GK Rb weL¨vZ †jvK|gyw³‡hv×v Ñ †`k‡K ¯^vaxb Avgvi evev GKRb

Ki‡Z whwb gyw³‡hv×v|hy× K‡ib

¯^vaxb Ñ A‡b¨i Aaxb bq evsjv‡`k GKwU ¯^vaxb †`k|knx` Ñ b¨vq I m‡Z¨i Rb¨ ¯^vaxbZvhy‡× wZwb

hvuiv Rxeb †`b knx` nb|m¤§vb Ñ gh©v`v †`‡ki m¤§vb Avgiv ivLe|Me© Ñ †MŠie evsjv‡`k Avgvi Me©|

3. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB

exi‡kªô Ñ kª = k+i-djv ( ª) kªeY, kªveYÑ ô = l+ V Kwbô, †R¨ô

weL¨vZ Ñ L¨ = L+h-djv (¨) L¨vcv, msL¨vgyw³‡hv×v Ñ × = `+a hy×, ï×DËg Ñ Ë = Z+Z DËi, mËi†m‡Þ¤^i Ñ Þ = c+U †PÞv, †jÞv

Ñ ¤^ = g+e j¤^v, b¤^igvP© Ñ P© = †id ( ©)+P PvP©, UP©bvbœ~ Ñ bœ = b+b Abœ, Kvbœvweµg Ñ µ = K+i-djv ( ª) µq, µgMe© Ñ e© = †id ( ©)+e `ye©j, `ƒe©v

4. wecixZ k㸇jv †R‡b wbB

5. Av‡iv yB Rb exi‡kª‡ôi bvg wjwL

exi‡kªô gwZDi ingvbexi‡kªô gyÝx Ave`yi iDd

Rb¥ -- g„Zz¨hy× -- kvwš�¯^vaxb -- civaxb

m¤§vb -- Am¤§vbmvnmx -- fxiyweL¨vZ -- AL¨vZ