Ckky xfrfof/k f”kfoj --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Ckky xfrfof/k f”kfoj tSlk fd uke ls gh izrhr gksrk gS fd cPpksa dks dsUnz esa j[kdj fd;k

tkus okyk vk;kstu ;k dk;ZØeA ckyxfrfof/k f”kfoj cPpksa esa ,d vthc lh gypy iSnk dj nsrk

gS] tgk¡ os lc dqN tYnh&tYnh lh[k tkuk pkgrs gSaA bl rjg ds vk;kstuksa esa cPpksa dh

jpukRedrk] mRlkg vkSj ftKklk ns[krs gh curh gSA

vyx&vyx fo|ky;ksa] eksgYyksa] cfLr;ksa vkSj ifjos”kksa ds cPpksa dk ,d lkFk feyuk vius

vki esa ges”kk ,d lq[kn vuqHko nsrk gSA izkjaHk esa tgk¡ vyx&vyx ifjos”k ds cPpksa ds chp nwfj;k¡

fn[kkbZ nsrh gSa ogh nwfj;k¡ nks rhu fnuksa ds ckn nksLrh esa cny tkrh gSaA lkFk feydj dke djuk]

,d nwljs dks djhc ls tkuuk] feydj fdlh pht dks cukuk] ;s lc xfrfof/k;k¡ vyx vyx

ifjos”k ds cPpksa dks vkil esa tqM+us vkSj nksLrh djus ds volj iznku djrh gSaA

cPps ,d lkFk bdV~Bk gksa vkSj “kksj&”kjkck uk gks ;s rks gks gh ugh ldrkA ;s cky lewg

lkewfgd iz;kl ls dkSulk tknqbZ fiVkjk [kksy nsa] bldk vanktk yxkuk eqf”dy gSA cPps tgk¡ gk srs

gSa ogk¡ ges”kk gh dqN u;k gksus dh laHkkouk cuh gksrh gSA

ge cM+ksa dh le> vkSj vkSj Kku dks cPpksa us ges”kk pqukSfr fn gS] vkSj u, fljs ls lkspus

ds fy, izsfjr fd;k gSA cPpksa dh rkfdZdrk vkSj gkftj tokch vDlj gesa fu#Rrj dj nsrh gSA

tc cPpksa ds dkS”kyksa vkSj jpukRedrk ds izn”kZu dk volj vkrk gS rks os jaxksa ds vuwBs

iz;ksx ls lQsn dkxt ij D;k fp= mdsj nsa ;k uUgs gkFkksa esa dye Fkkedj fdl rjg dh jpuk

fy[k nsa] dckM+ ls fdl f[kYkkSus ;k oLrq dk fuekZ.k dj Mkysa bldk vanktk yxkuk dfBu gSA gj

cPpk vius vki esa [kkl gksrk gS t#jr gS voljksa dh ftlds vHkko esa uk pkgrs gq, Hkh cPpksa dks

viuh jpukRedrk dk xyk ?kksaVuk iM+rk gSA ge cPpksa esas eksVh eksVh fdrkcksa ds ek/;e ls uSfrdrk]

laosnu”khyrk] HkkbZpkjk vkSj lekurk tSls xq.kksa dk lekos”k djuk pkgrs gSa tcfd t#jr ,sls

voljksa dh gSa tgk¡ vyx&vyx ifjos”k ds cPps ,d lkFk feydj dqN dke djsa] ,d nwljs ds ckjs

esa tkus] ,d nwljs dks lqusA

cPpksa dh jpuk,sa muds vuqHkoksa ls mHkjdj vkrh gSa] tks mudh ftanxh vkSj lkekftd rFkk

vkfFkZd thou ls tqM+h gksrh gSaA ;s vuqHko dbZ ckj mUgs vU; cPpksa ds leku fn[kkrs gSa] rks dbZ ckj

mUgs nwljs cPpksa ls vyx [kM+k dj nsrs gSaA vkfFkZd vkSj lkekftd fHkUurkvksa ds ckotwn lHkh cPpksa

esa tks leku gksrk gS os gS ÞcPpkiuÞ vkSj ;gh cPpkiu muesa vuojr mRlkg dk lapkj djrk jgrk

gSA dYiukvksa ds lkxj esa xksrs yxkuk] viuh ftKklk dh “kkafr ds fy, gj laHko iz;kl djuk]

xtc dh rkfdZdrk vkSj lw{e voyksdu] laosnu”khyrk] jpukRedrk] vkRefo”okl tSls dkS”ky] xq.k

rFkk Hkko cPpksa esa dwVdwV dj Hkjs gksrs gSaA bu dkS”kyksa vkSj xq.kksa dks vxj eqdEey vk/kkj iznku

djuk f”k{kk dk vlyh edln gksuk pkfg,A

vyx&vyx ifjos”k ds cPpksa dks ,d nwljs ds vuqHkoksa dks vkil esa lk>k djus ds fy,

,d eap miyC/k djkus ds lkFk] vthe izseth Qkm.Ms”ku ds dk;Z] dk;Z”kSyh rFkk mn~ns”; dks ftyk

laLFkku ds vklikl ds yksx le> ik,sa bl gsrw ,d lkr fnolh; cky xfrfof/k f”kfoj dk

vk;kstu ftyk laLFkku /kerjh }kjk fd;k x;kA

fnukad 3 twu ls 9 twu 2013 rd ftyk laLFkku /kerjh esa cky xfrfof/k f”kfoj dk

vk;kstu fd;k x;kA lkr fnuksa rd pys bl f”kfoj esa vyx&vyx fo|ky;ksa ¼futh&izk;osV½]

dkWyksuh] >qXxh cLrh rFkk eksgYyksa ds yxHkx 110 cPpksa us iwjh f”kn~nr ds lkFk Hkkxhnkjh dhA

f”kfoj dh ;kstuk cukrs le; gesa yx jgk Fkk fd ;s NqfV~V;ksa dk le; gS] cPps ckgj x, gksaxs ;k

xfeZ;ksa esa cPpksa dk f”kfoj esa vkuk eqf”dy gksxkA bu reke pqukSfr;ksa ds lkFk geus r; fd;k fd

vxj gesa 25 ls 30 cPps Hkh feyrs gSa rks ge xfrfof/k f”kfoj djsaxsA ftyk laLFkku ds dqN lkfFk;ksa

us ;s fo”okl fnyk;k fd muds cPps Hkh f”kfoj esa “kkfey gksaxsA lkfFk;ksa dh bl ckr ls gesa mtkZ

feyhA cPpksa dh Hkkxhnkjh dks lqfuf”pr djus ds fy, geus ,d jftLVªs”ku QkeZ rS;kj fd;k vkSj

f”kfoj ds 5 fnu iwoZ “kke ds le; ftyk laLFkku ds eSnku esa [ksy 3&4 cPpksa ds lkFk ckr djrs

gq, jftLVªs”ku QkeZ forfjr fd, vkSj dgkW fd bUgs dy Hkjdj ckgj yxs ysVj ckDl esa Mky nsukA

FkksM+h nsj ckn dqN vkSj cPps jftLVªs”ku QkeZ ysus ds fy, vk,A vxys fnu ysVj ckDl esa 26 QkeZ

feysA ;s lHkh cPps ftyk laLFkku ds vklikl ds ?kjksa ls FksA buesa ls vf/kdka”k cPps izk;osV Ldwyksa

esa i<+kbZ dj jgs gSaA blds vykok ftyk laLFkku ls dqN nwjh ij tkyeiqj uked ,d >qXxh cLrh gS

tgk¡ fLFkr ljdkjh Ldwy ¼izkFkfed] ek/;fed½ esa laLFkku ds nks lkFkh vdknfed vkSj [ksy lacaf/kr

xfrfof/k;ksa ds lqn`f<+dj.k gsrq tkrs jgrs gSa vr% ml cLrh ds cPpksa dh f”kfoj esa Hkkxhnkjh gsrq ge

yksxksa us cLrh esa tkdj dqN cPpksa ls eqykdkr dh vkSj mUkesa ls dqN cM+s cPpksa dks ;s ftEesnkjh

lkSaih dh vki cLrh ds ckdh cPpksa dks blds ckjs esa tkudkjh nksxs vkSj bPNqd cPpksa ds uke dh

lwph rS;kj djksxsA vxys fnu “kke ds le; cLrh esa nksckjk tkus ij gesa Ldwy ds eSnku esa djhc

40&45 cPps feys tks igys ls gh gekjh jkg ns[k jgs FksA geus cPpksa ds lkFk f”kfoj ds laca/k esa

ppkZ dh] lkFk gh nks lkfFk;ksa us lqj{kk dh n`f’V ls ;s ftEesnkjh yh dh f”kfoj ds nkSjku os izfrfnu

lqcg 7%30 cts bl eSnku esa cPpksa dks ysus o NksM+us ds fy, vk;saxs rks lHkh cPps mUgs ;gha feysaA

vxys fnu lkseokj ¼f”kfoj ds izFke fnu½ dks rhu lewg esa 90 cPps f”kfoj esa “kkfey gksu s ds fy,

ftyk laLFkku igq¡psA bl lkr fnolh; cky xfrfof/k f”kfoj esa lkrksa fnu ds fy, tks vyx vyx

xfrfof/k;k¡ r; dh xbZ Fkh og bl izdkj Fkha %&

03 ,oa 04 twu & dckM+ ls tqxkM+

05 ,oa 06 twu & foKku dk etk

07 ,oa 08 twu & ys[ku

09 twu & izn”kZuh ¼vfHkHkkodksa ,oa cPpksa gsrq½

dckM ls tqxkM+ -------------------------------------------------izFke fnu ¼03 twu½

;w¡ rks cktkjksa esa cPpksa ds fy, dbZ rjg ds f[kykSus miyC/k gSa ftudh dher 5 #i;s ls

ysdj gtkjksa esa gS] fdUrq [kqn ds gkFkksa ls cuk, f[kykSuksa ds lkFk [ksyus dk etk gh vyx gS vkSj

mlesa Hkh f[kykSuk vxj ?kj dh fdlh lkexzh dks uqdlku igq¡pk, fcuk Qkyrw lkexzh ds bLrseky

ls cuk;k x;k gks rks D;k dguk! tSls jkg pyrs ekfpl dh fMfc;k dk fey tkuk vkSj mlls

jsaxrk gqvk dNqvk ;k Hkkxrk gqvk [kxks”k cukuk] bu f[kykSukas ds lkFk [ksyus dk viuk gh etk gSA

f”kfoj ds igys vkSj nwljs fnu cPpksa ds lkFk ,slh gh dqN dckM+ dh phtksa ls etsnkj

f[kykSus ;k ltkoVh lkexzh cukuk r; fd;k x;kA

fu;r le; izkr% 8%00 ls igys gh cPps f”kfoj LFky ij igq¡p x,A lHkh cPpksa ¼95½ ds lkFk

,d cM+s gky esa cSBdj f”kfoj ds ckjs esa ppkZ gqbZA lHkh cPpksa us viuk ifjp; fn;k] ifjp; ds ckn

,d lkFkh us cPpksa ds lkFk ,d cky dfork Þ,d NksfV lh dLrh esjs iklÞ dks xk;kA blds ckn

cPpksa ds lkFk dqN vkSj xfrfof/k;k¡ ,slh dh xbZ ftlls dh cPps FkksM+k ,d nwljs ds lkFk feDl gks

tk,sa ;k laLFkku ds lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk Hkh lgt eglwl djsaA

vkt cPpksa ds lkFk vklkuh ls feyus okyh phtksa ls larqfyr frryh uked f[kykSuk cukus

dk dke fd;k x;kA blds fy, lcls igys cPpksa nl mi lewgksa esa ckV fn;kA lewg cukrs oDr

bl ckr dk fo”ks’k :Ik ls /;ku j[kk x;k fd izR;sd lewg esa lHkh rjg ds cPpsa gksa ¼ljdkjh Ldwy

rFkk izk;osV Ldwy] dkWyksuh rFkk >qXxhcfLr;ksa esa jgus okys cPps½A vc cPpksa dks ,d&,d frryh

dk Nk;kfp= fn;k x;k ftl ij Øs;kWu dh enn ls lHkh cPpksa us viuh ethZ vuqlkj dyj fd;kA

blds ckn cPpksa dks nks nks isij fiu vkSj ,d ekfpl dh rhyh nh xbZA rhyh dks frryh ds nksuksa

ia[kksa ds chp esa uhps dh rjQ fpidkuk Fkk rFkk isij fiu dks nksuksa ia[kksa esa lkeus dh rjQ yxkuk

Fkk] vkSj yks gks x;k ,d etsnkj f[kykSuk rS;kjA ;g frryh dgh Hkh fcuk fdlh vfrfjDr lgkjs ds

cSB ldrh gSA

cPpksa dks blesa [kwc etk vk;k] os dHkh viuh frryh dks m¡xfy;ksa ij cSBk jgs Fks rks dHkh

Ldsp isu ;k f[kM+dh ijA

frryh rS;kj gksus vkSj mlds lkFk [ksyus rd 10%00 ct pqdk FkkA cPpksa dks iqu% ,d cM+s lewg esa

cSBk;k x;kA vc lHkh cPpksa dks ,d ,d v[kckj fn;k x;kA ,d gh v[kckj ls lHkh cPpksa us pkj

rjg dh Vksfi;k¡ cukbZA Vksfi;k¡ igu dj dksbZ vius vki dks jktk dg jgk Fkk rks dksbZ usrk fdlh

us [kqn dks xk¡/kh dgk rks fdlh us iqfylA cPpksa dh pkg vkSj liuksa ds vuqlkj ;s Vksfi;k¡ muds

fljksa ij [kwc te jgh jgh FkhaA

yxHkx 45 feuV esa lHkh dh Vksfi;k¡ rS;kj gks xbZA Vksfi;k¡ igudj vk/kk ?kaVk rd lHkh cPps vkSj

laLFkku ds lkfFk;ksa us [kwc [ksy [ksys vkSj “kksj epk;kA vc rd 11%30 ct pqds Fks vkSj lHkh dks

Hkw[k Hkh yx vkbZ Fkh] oSls uk”rk Hkh rS;kj FkkA

lHkh cPpksa us vius gkFk /kks,s vkSj rhu iafDr;ksa esa cSB x, uk”rk djus ds fy,A uk”rk djus ds ckn

lc dks ?kj tkuk gSA

igyk fnu lekIr---------------------------

dckM ls tqxkM------------------------------------------------ nwljk fnu ¼04 twu½

fiNys fnu dk vuqHko ---------

cPpk 1 & HkS;k eSus esjh frryh dks esjs ?kj ij

xeys esa cSBk fn;kA

cPpk 2 & eSus ?kj tkdj pkj Vksfi;k¡ cukbZ vkSj

,d esjh NksVh cgu dks Hkh nhA

cPpk 3 & esjh eEeh us dgk fd lc vPNs ls

lh[kdj vkukA

vkt f”kfoj dk nwljk fnu FkkA tc lkFkh cPpksa dks ysus tkyeiqj cLrh igq¡ps rks irk pyk

fd lkjs cPps le; ls iwoZ 7%15 cts [kqn ls gh pydj f”kfoj LFky ¼ftyk laLFkku½ rd igq¡p x,A

7%45 rd lHkh cPps igq¡p x,A dy dh rqyuk esa vkt cPpksa dh la[;k vf/kd Fkh] vkt yxHkx

105 cPps Fks] ftldk vanktk gesa iwoZ ls gh FkkA cPpksa dh la[;k vkSj mez ds varj dks ns[krs gq,

geus igyh ls rhljh d{kk rd ds cPpksa dk vyx lewg rS;kj fd;kA bl rjg NksVs cPpksa ds lewg

esa 30 rFkk nwljs lewg esa 78 cPps vk,A

nksuksa lewg ds cPpksa ds lkFk lkewfgd :i ls ,d xhr ÞdqDdM+ dwa HkbZ dqDdM+ daw Þ xk;k

x;kA blds ckn nksuksa lewg dks vyx&vyx cSBk;k x;kA cM+s cPPkksa ds lewg ds lkFk dy dh

fujarjrk esa vkt vkbZlØhe LVhd dh enn ls QksVks Ýse cukbZ xbZA QksVks Ýse cukus ds ckn cPpksa

us ml Ýse esa yxkus ds fy, ;kan ls ,d ,d fp= cuk;k vkSj Ýse esa yxk;kA

NksVs cPpksa ds lewg us jaxksa ds lkFk [ksyrs gq, fp= cuk,A vkSj fQj ,d ,d djds vius cuk,

fp=ksa ds ckjs esa iwjs lewg dks crk;kA nksuksa lewg esa dqN [ksy [ksys x, vkSj bl rjg uk”rs dk

le; gks x;kA

nwljk fnu lekIr-----------------

vfHkHkkod 1 & esjh fcfV;k us dy ?kj

tkdj viuh ukuh vkSj eEeh dks v[kckj

dh Vksih cukdj igukbZA

vfHkHkkod 2 & lj cM+s yksxksa ds cPpksa ds

fy, rks ,sls izksxzke gksrs jgrs gSa ij gekjs

cPpksa ds fy, ;s igyh ckj gqvk gS] gesa

cgqr [kq”kh bqbZ dh dksbZ gekjs cPpksa ds

fy, Hkh bl rjg ds izksxzke dj jgs gSaA

foKku dk etk---------------------------------------------rhljk fnu ¼05 twu½

ge f”k{kk ls ;s vis{kk djrs gSa fd os cPpksa dks rkfdZd vkSj oSKkfud nf’V iznku djsaA

fdUgh Hkh phtksa] fØ;kvksa vkSj ?kVukvksa ds dkj.kksa dks tkuus dh ftKklk muesa iSnk gks] ;kfu dh

cPpk ftKklq gksA blesa dksbZ nks&er ugh fd cPpksa esa ftKklqiu tUetkr gksrk gS] t#jr gS

mudh bl ftKklk dks oSKkfud n`f’V iznku djus dh blds fy, cPpksa dks T;knk ls T;knk lkspus

vkSj fo”ys’k.k djus ds ekSds iznku djus dhA gekjs ?kj vkSj vklikl jkstkuk ,slh dbZ fØ;k,sa vkSj

?kVuk,sa gksrh jgrh gSa ftuds ckjs esa ge dHkh lksprs gh ugh ;k dHkh [k;ky Hkh vkrk gS rks ge mls

izkØfrd ekudj NksM+ nsrs gSaA cPps vDlj bu fØ;kvksa ;k ?kVukvksa ls tqM+s loky vkSj mudh

ftKklk,sa gekjs lkeus j[krs gSa vkSj ge esa ls vf/kdka”k cM+s mls vkmV vkWQ flyscl ekudj Vky

tkrs gSaA

tSls& nw/k@pk; D;ksa mQurk gS tcdh ikuh ugh\ jkr esa rkjs dgk¡ ls vk tkrs gSa\ gekjs

cky vkSj uk[kwu yxkrkj D;ksa c<+rs jgrs gSa\ gok D;ks pyrh gS\ cky lQsn D;ksa gksrs gSa\ oxSjk

oxSjkA

cPpksa dh blh ftKklq vkSj [kksth izo`fRr dks vkSj vf/kd c<+kus rFkk cPpksa ds lkFk bl rjg

ds laokn vkSj dke dks yxkrkj vkxs c<+kus ds mn~ns”; ls geus f”kfoj esa nks fnu cPpksa ds lkFk

foKku ij dke djuk r; fd;kA

vkt f”kfoj ds rhljs fnu foKku dk etk ds varxZr cPpksa ds lkFk nks NksVs NksVs iz;ksx dj

mlds rF;ksa vkSj dkj.kksa dks tkuus dk iz;kl fd;k x;kA blds igys NksVs vkSj cM+s cPpksa ds nks

vyx lewg cuk,A cM+s cPpksa ds lkFk foKku dk etk rFkk NksVs cPpksa ds lkFk vksjhxseh ds rgr

jaxhu dkxt ls f[kykSus cuk, x,A izfrfnu dh rjg cPpksa ds lkFk cky xhr ÞÅ¡V rsjh i¡wN is

dcwrj yVdUrkÞ xk;k x;kA

pkd ¼Cysd cksMZ ij fy[kus okyk½ ds ek/;e ls jaxksa dk foHksnhdj.k ¼fMQjsafl,”ku½

iwjh nqfu;k esa vf/kdkal lkexzh fefJr voLFkk esa ikbZ tkrh gS] cgqr gh de lkexzh “kq)

inkFkZ gSA bl feJ.k ls fofHkUu inkFkksZ dks vyx djus dh dyk@rduhd cgqr gh egkRoiw.kZ gS

D;ksafd ;s gesa “kq) inkFkksZa dks vyx djus ds fy, l{ke cukrh gSA ge feJ.k dks ,d rLohj ds

ek/;e ls jaxksa ds ekeys esa ns[k ldrs gSaA

jaxksa ds bl foHksn dks izk;ksfxd :i esa le>us ds fy, lHkh cPpksa nl&nl ds milewg esa cSBk;k

x;kA rRi”pkr~ lHkh cPPkksa dks ,d&,d pkd vkSj Ldsp isu fn;k x;kA izR;sd lewg esa ikuh gsrq

,d dVksjh Hkh nh xbZA lHkh cPpksa ls vius pkd ds fupys fgLls ij Ldsp isu dh enn ls ,d

xksyk cukus ds fy, dgk x;kA xksyk cukus ds ckn pkd dks dqN nsj ds fy, bl rjg ikuh esa

j[kdj NksM+uk gksxk fd gS fd fjax okys fgLls dks ikuh Nwrk jgs] ij /;ku j[kuk gksxk fd fjax ikuh

esa uk MwcsA

dqN nsj ds ckn pkd ij izeq[k jax ds vykok dqN vkSj jax fn[kkbZ nsus yxsA dkys jax ds ekeys esa

vU; jaxksa dh la[;k vf/kd FkhA

tc cPpksa ls ,slk gksus ds dkj.kksa ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k rks] cPpksa us dqN jkspd tokc fn, &

cPpk 1 & pkd us vius vklikl ds pkd ds jaxksa dks lks[k fy;k gksxkA

cPpk 2 & ugh eSus rks vius pkd dks vdsyk gh j[kk FkkA

cPpk 3 & dkyk jax cgqr ls jaxksa ls feydj curk gSA

jaxksa ds bl foHksn dks ,d vkSj iz;ksx ls le>us dk iz;kl fd;k x;kA

bUnz/kuq’k

cjlkr ds ekSle esa tc cjlkr dh cw¡nsa lw;Z ij iM+rh gSa rc lw;Z dh fdj.kksa

dk fo{ksi.k ¼fMLi”kZu½ gh bUnz/kuq’k ds lqanj jaxksa dk dkj.k curk gSA

vkdk”k esa la/;k ds le; iwoZ fn”kk esa rFkk izkr%dky if”pe fn”kk esa] o’kkZ

ds Ik”pkr~ yky] ukjaxh] ihyk] gjk] vklekuh] uhyk rFkk cSaxuh jaxksa dk ,d

fo”kkydk; o`Rrkdkj oØ dHkh&dHkh fn[kkbZ nsrk gS] bls gh bUnz/kuq’k dgrs gSA

lkekU; rkSj ij bUnz/kuq’k nks izdkj ds gksrs gSa &

izkFkfed bUnz/kuq’k & tc o’kkZ dh c¡wnksa ij fxjus okyh fdj.kksa dk nks ckj eqM+uk o ,d

ckj ykSVuk gksrk gS] rks izkFkfed bUnz/kuq’k curk gSA izkFkfed bUnz/kuq’k esa yky jax ckgj

dh vksj rFkk cSaxuh jax vanj dh vksj gksrk gSA

n~forh;d bUnz/kuq’k & tc o’kkZ dh c¡wnksa ij fxjuss okyh lw;Z dh fdj.kksa dk nks ckj

ykSVuk o ,d ckj eqM+uk gksrk gS] rks n~forh;d bUnz/kuq’k dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA blesa ckgj

dh vksj cSaxuh jax rFkk vanj dh vksj yky jax gksrk gSA

lw;Z dh mifLFkfr esa vkbZus rFkk ikuh ls Hkjs gq, crZu dh enn ls geus nhokj ij bUnz/kuq’k cuk;kA

bl bUnz/kuq’k ds ckjs esa cPpksa ds lkFk yEch ppkZ gqbZA cPpksa us viuh ftKklkvksa dks iz”uksa ds :i

esa lkfFk;ksa ds lkeus j[kk tSls & blesa flQZ lkr jax gh D;ksa gksrs gaS\ blesa flQZ VIBGYOR jax gh

D;ksa gksrs gSa\ bUnz/kuq’k esa fn[kkbZ nsus okys jax ges”kk ,d fo”ks’k Øe esa gh D;ksa fn[kkbZ nsrs gSa\ D;k

ge dsoy pUnzek dh mifLFkfr esa Hkh bUnz/kuq’k ns[k ldrs gSa\ bUnz/kuq’k ges”kk o`Rrkdkj ;k /kuq’kkdkj

gh D;ksa fn[kkbZ nsrk gS\

bUnz/kuq’k ns[krs cM+s cPps jaxhu dkxt ls f[kykSus cukrs NksVs cPps

cPpksa ds lkFk bu ftKklkvksa ij ppkZ dh xbZA ppkZ djus rd uk”rs dk le; gks pqdk Fkk vkSj

lHkh dks Hkw[k Hkh yx vkbZ FkhA

uk”rk djus ls igys cPpksa dk eu dksbZ xhr xkus dk Fkk lks lcus ,dlkFk feydj yM~Mw HkkbZ xksy

eVksy] cksyks cksyks fdruk eksyÞ xk;kA xhr xkus ds ckn lcus ,dlkFk feydj uk”rk fd;k vkSj

?kj dh vksj pysA

rhljk fnu lekIr---------------------------

foKku dk etk---------------------------------------------pkSFkk fnu ¼06 twu½

bl lkr fnolh; f”kfoj esa cPpksa dk mRlkg vkSj meax yxkrkj c<+rk gh tk jgk FkkA

dkS”kyksa vkSj le> ds ekeys esa dksbZ Hkh cPpk fdlh ls de ugh Fkk lcdh viuh viuh le> vkSj

vius vuqHko Fks ftls oks fofHkUu xfrfof/k;ksa esa mi;ksx Hkh dj jgs FksA

vkt f”kfoj dk pkSFkk fnu FkkA jkst dh rjg vkt Hkh NksVs vkSj cM+s cPpksa ds lewg ds lkFk

vyx vyx xfrfof/k;k¡ dh xbZA NksVs cPpksa us tgk¡ jaxhu dkxt dh drju ls dksykt rS;kj fd;k

ogha cM+s cPpksa dk fnu foKku ds uke FkkA dy tgk¡ geus NksVs&NksVs iz;ksxksa ds ek/;e ls feJ.k

fo”ks’k rkSj ij jaxksa ds foHksnhdj.k dks le>k ogha vkt ge cPpksa ds lkFk jax ds cnyko dks ysdj

dqN xfrfof/k;k¡ vkSj ppkZ djus okys gSaA

lcls igys cPpksa dks dkMZ “khV dk ,d ,d VqdM+k fn;k x;k vkSj muls dgk x;k fd vki

bl ij vkids eu esa tks Hkh iz”u ;k loky gSa fyf[k,] ;s ,d iz;kl Fkk ,sls cPpksa dks le>us dk

tks vius vklikl jkstkuk ?kVus@gksuss okyh ?kVukvksa ds dj.kksa dks tkuuk pkgrs gksaA bl xfrfof/k

dk edln bu cPpksa ds lkFk yxkrkj foKku dks ysdj dke djus ds lkFk gh Hkfo’; esa ,d cky

oSKkfud lewg rS;kj djuk Hkh gSA cPpksa us viuh cgqr lh ftKklkvksa dks “khV ij fy[kkA

jkr vkSj fnu D;ksa gksrk gS \

foKku dh jpuk fdlus dh \

?kaVh ctkus ij vkokt D;ksa vkrh gS\

Lke; D;k gS\

D;k /kjrh ij ,fy;u gksrs gSa\ vkfn

cPpksa ls bu iz”uksa dks ,df=r djus ds ckn muds lkFk dqN xfrfof/k;k¡ dh xbZA

jax ifjorZu

cPPkksa ds fy, ;g fdlh tknw ls de ugh Fkk tc ,d gh iy esa gh ihyk jax yky jax esa

cny x;kA vly esa cPpksa dks gYnh ds ?kksy ds lkFk ,d js[kkfp= fn;k x;k vksj dgk x;k fd os

bl ihys jax ds ?kksy ls vius fp= esa jax HkjsaA lHkh cPpksa us b;j Dyhuj fLVd dh enn ls vius

fp=ksa esa ihyk jax Hkjk] fQj mUgs okf”akx ikmMj dk ?kksy fn;k x;k vkSj dgk x;k fd vius fp= esa

tgk¡ vkidks yky jax pkfg, ogk¡ fLVd dh enn ls bl ?kksy dks yxkb;sA tSls gh cPpksa us nwljk

okyk ?kksy yxk;k mudk fp= yky gks x;kA cPps [kq”kh vkSj vk”p;Z fefJr vkokt esa fpYykus

yxsA dqN cPpksa us dgk fd gYnh vkSj diM+s /kksus dk ikmMj rks muds ?kj ij vklkuh ls fey

tkrk gS] rks os ?kj tkdj vius eu ls fp= cuk,saxs vkSj jax HkjsaxsA vf/kdrj cPpksa us dgk fd os

xzhfVax dkMZ cukdj vius f”k{kdksa dks nsaxsA

ekSr dk dqvk

jax cnyus okys [ksy [ksyus ds ckn ,d vkSj NksVh lh etsnkj ,DVhfofV esa cPpksa dks cgqr etk

vk;kA lHkh cPpksa dks ,d ,d cM+s vkdkj dk xqCckjk vkSj ,d #i;s dk flDdk fn;k x;k] fQj

lHkh cPpksa ls dgk x;k fd os flDds dks xqCckjs ds vanj Mky nsaA lHkh cPpksa us ,slk fd;k vksj

vius xqCckjs dks Qqyk;kA xqCckjs dks gok ls Hkj ysus ds ckn muls vius xqCckjs dks tksj ls fgykus

dks dgk x;k] ij ;s D;k blls rks dqN Hkh ugh gqvkA rc nhnh us vius xqCckjs dks FkksM+k lko/kkuh

ls fgyk;k vkSj ;s D;k flDdk rks xqCckjs dh nhokj ij py jgk Fkk Bhd oSls gh tSls fdlh esys esa

vk, ekSr ds dq,¡ esa dksbZ ckbd pyk jgk gksA blds ckn rks lHkh cPpksa us vius xqCckjs dks ekSr dk

dqvk cuk fn;kA

cM+s cPps tgk¡ foKku dh xfrfof/k;ksa esa eXu Fks ogha uUgs dykdkjksa us jaxhu isij dh drju ls

viuh dYiukvksa ds jaxksa dks lkdkj fd;kA

bl rjg [kwc etk eLrh vkSj jpukRed xfrfof/k;ksa esa viuh dYiukvksa ds lkxj esa xksrs yxkus rFkk

ftKklkvksa dks “kkar djus ds lkFk gh dqN vkSj ubZ ftKklkvksa ds iuius vkSj muds lek/kku ds

iz;kl djrs gq, vkt dk pkSFkk fnu lekIr gqvkA lHkh cPpksa us uk”rk fd;k vkSj vius nksLrksa ls

fonk yhA

pkSFkk fnu lekIr------------

ys[ku---------------------------------------------ik¡pok fnu ¼07 twu½

orZeku le; esa gekjh f”k{kk O;oLFkk dk eq[; vk/kkj ikB~; iqLrdsa gh gSa tcfd okLro esa os

Hkh vU; lk/kuksa dh rjg lh[kus vkSj viuh le> dks O;kid djus dh ,d lanHkZ lkexzh ek= gh gaSA

bu fdrkcksa dks fo|ky;ksa esa bruh T;knk rjthg nh tkrh gS fd cPps Hkh vius vuqHkoksa vkSj le>

dks fdukjs j[kuk gh Bhd ekurs gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy, vxj fdlh cPps ls dgk tk, fd o’kkZ ds

ckjs esa dqN fy[kks rks oks ogh fy[ksxk tks mlus fdrkcksa esa i<+k gSA cjlkr ls tqM+s [kqn ds vuqHkoksa

vkSj etsnkjh dks og fy[kus ;k crkus yk;d ugh ekurs tcdh gdhdr esa mlds [kqn ds vuqHko gh

lcls egkRoiw.kZ gksrs gSaA

cPpsa viuss [kqn ds vuqHkoksa dks izkFkfedrk ns ik,sa rFkk viuh dYiuk vkSj rdZ”kfDr dk

bLrseky djrs gq, fy[kus ds fy, izsfjr gksa blh mn~ns”; dh iwfrZ ds fy, geus nks fnu ys[ku

laca/kh xfrfof/k ds fy, vkjf{kr j[kkA cPpksa [kqn ls fy[kus ds fy, izsfjr dj ikus esa le; vkSj /kS;Z

nksuksa cgqr t:jh gS] ge ;s drbZ vis{kk ugh dj ldrs dh vki cPpksa ls vius eu dk dqN fy[kus

ds fy, dgksxs vkSj og fy[kdj ns nsaxsA

vkt f”kfoj dk ik¡pok vkSj ys[ku dk igyk fnu FkkA NksVs vkSj cM+s cPps vyx vyx lewg

esa gh cSB jgs FksA xfrfof/k;ksa dks izkjaHk djus ls igys cPpksa ds lkFk lkewfgd :i ls nks cky xhr

bDde bDde bDdk rFkk yM~Mw HkkbZ xksy eVksy xk;k x;kA gko&Hkko ds lkFk xhr xkus esa cPpksa

dks [kwc etk vkrk gS os ckj ckj xhr xkus dh ekax Hkh djrs gSaA

xhr xkus ds ckn CksVs cPps Lor% vyx gksdj vius lewg ds lkFk vyx dejs dh vksj tgk¡ os gj

fnu cSB jgs Fks py fn,A

cM+s cPpksa dks ,d ,d dkxt vkSj isu nsus ds ckn dgk x;k fd bl ij os dksbZ ,slh

dgkuh fy[ksa tks mudh fdrkc esa uk gks vkSj uk gh mls mUgksus fdlh vU; fdrkc ;k if=dk esa

i<+k gksA gk¡ os ;k rks vius eu ls dgkuh cuk ldrs gSa ;k ,slh dgkuh fy[k ldrs gSa tks mUgksus

vius ?kj ifjokj esa fdlh ls lquh gksA cPPkksa us dgkfu;k¡ rks fy[kha ij vf/kdka”k dgkfu;k¡ fdrkcksa

dh gh FkhaA 6&7 cPPkksa us dNqvk vkSj [kjxks”k okyh dgkuh fy[khA dqN cPPkksa us vius eu ls

dgkfu;k¡ cukbZ rks dqN us ?kj esa lauh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡ fy[khA

dgkuh fy[kus ds ckn lHkh cPpksa ds lkFk vksjhxseh ds varxZr dqN f[kykSus cuk, x,A

ik¡pok fnu lekIr------------

ys[ku---------------------------------------------NBok fnu ¼08 twu½

f”kfoj ds NBos fnu Hkh ys[ku dh xfrfof/k ij gh dke fd;k x;kA fiNys fnu cPPkksa

us dgkfu;k¡ fy[kh Fkha] vkt geus lkspk fd ,slh dksbZ xfrfof/k dh tk, ftlls dh cPps vius [kqn

ds vuqHkoksa] rdksZa vkSj dYiukvksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq, dqN fy[k ldsaA

geus cPpksa dh dYiukvksa dks ,d vk/kkj nsus ds mn~ns”; ls pkj fo’k; mUgs lq>k, vkSj dgk fd

vxj os pkgsa rks bu pkjksa fo’k;ksa esa ls dksbZ Hkh ,d&nks fo’k; ds ckjs esa fy[k ldrs gSa ;k dqN vkSj

fy[kuk pkgsa rks oks Hkh dj ldrs gSaA

tks pkj fo’k; geus cPpksa ds fy, pqus os Fks %&

esjk eu djrk gS \

nqfu;k dSls cuh gksxh \

vxj Ldwy ugh gksrs rks D;k gksrk \

vxj vkidks jkLrs esa 100 #i;s feysa rks vki D;k djksxs \

igys rks dqN cPpksa us dgk fd fy[kus esa etk ugh vkrk rks dqN vkSj xfrfof/k djuk

pkfg,A ckn esa lkjs cPps fpYykus yxs fd gk¡ dqN vkSj djuk pkfg,A rc geus ,d v[kckj esa

,d izdkf”kr ,d [kcj dks i<+k vkSj cPpksa ls iwNk fd ;s [kcj dgk¡ fd gS\ cPpksa us dgk ÞfnYyh

dhÞ] fQj geus iwNk dh vkidks dSls irk pyk fd ,slk fnYyh esa gqvk Fkk\ cPpksa us dgk Þbl isij

esa fy[kk gSÞ] rc geus dgk fd v[kckj D;ksa Nirs gSa\ cPpksa us dgk Þrkfd [kcj Ni ldsÞ] geus

fQj dgk fd vxj dksbZ Hkh fy[kuk ugha pkgrk rks D;k ge rd [kcjsa igq¡p ikrha \ cPpksa us ,d

lkFk dgk ÞughaÞA vkxs ppkZ djrs gq, geus fQj dgk fd vkids ds eu esa D;k gS\ vki D;k pkgrs

gSa\ ;s ckfd dks dSls irk pysxk vxj vki ugh fy[kksxs rksA blds ckn geus pded if=dk esa

izdkf”kr cPpksa ds }kjk fyf[kr dqN vuqHko i<+sA blds ckn vkxs ppkZ djrs gq, dgk fd vHkh tks

geus i<+k oks eanlkSj ds ,d cPps us fy[kk Fkk] vxj oks ugh fy[krk rks D;k vkidks ml cPps ds

ckjs esa dHkh lquus dks feyrk\ cPpksa us fQj ,d lkFk dgk ÞughaÞA geus vkSj vkxs ckr djrs gq,

iwNk fd vxj vki ugh fy[ksxsa rks D;k dksbZ Hkh nwljk dHkh Hkh vkids ckjs esa tku ik,xk\ cPpksa us

,d lkFk dgk ÞughaÞA fQj geus dgk fd vxj vkidks ugha fy[kuk gS rks dksbZ ckr

ugha viu dqN vkSj djrs gSaA vc lkjs cPpksa us dgk fd ugh HkS;k gesa fy[kuk gSA ge

;s le> ik jgs Fks fd geus cPpksa ij “kk;n ,d HkkoukRed ncko cukrs gq, gh fy[kus

ds fy, mRizsfjr fd;k gS fdUrq gesa ml le; blds vykok dqN lw> Hkh ugh jgk FkkA

[kSj ! lHkh cPpksa us fy[kk dqN cPpksa us rks pkjksa fo’k;ksa ij fy[kkA

fy[kus ds ckn 10&10 cPpksa ds lewg cuk, vkSj vius }kjk fy[kh xbZ jpukvksa

dks ,d iqjkus v[kckj ij fpidk dj ,d nhokj v[kckj cukus dks dgk x;kA cPpksa us

lewg esa dke djrs gq, viuk viuk nhokj v[kckj cuk;k vkSj mudk uke Hkh [kqn gh

lkspdj j[kkA

cPpksa us lq>k, x, fo’k;ksa ij cgqr dqN fy[kk muesa ls dqN jpukvksa dks ge bl

izfrosnu dk fgLlk cuk jgs gSaA

vkt cM+s cPps tgk¡ fy[kus esa e”kxwy jgs ogha NksVs cPps eq[kksVk cukus esa O;Lr FksA 11%30 cts rd

viuk dke [kRe djus ds ckn lcus feydj uk”rk fd;k] vkSj bl rjg vkt dk fnu Hkh lekIr

gks x;kA

vkt cPpksa ds lkFk xfrfof/k;ksa dk vk[kjh fnu Fkk blfy, uk”rk djus ds ckn lHkh dks eSnku esa

bdV~Bk dj geus fiNys N% fnuksa esa fd, x, dk;ksZa ij ckrphr dh lkFk gh ;s Hkh dgk fd ge

yksx bl vkxs Hkh feyrs jgsaxsA dy ;kfu vxys fnu cPpksa us tks xfrfof/k;k¡ ;gk¡ dh gS mldh

izn”kZuh vfHkHkkodksa ds fy, yxkus dh ;kstuk gekjh iwoZ ls FkhA vr% cPpksa ls dgk fd dy os vius

eEeh&ikik ;k ?kj ds fdlh Hkh cM+s O;fDr ds “kke 5 ls 7 ds chp lkFk vk,saxsA

NBok fnu lekIr--------------------

izn”kZuh---------------------------------------------vafre fnu ¼09 twu½

iwjk lIrkg cPpksa ds lkFk dSls chr x;k irk gh ugh pykA cPpksa us bl f”kfoj esa

tks Hkh lh[kk mldk lcls egkRoiw.kZ fgLlk ;s yxk fd vafre fnu rd os ,d nwljs ds nksLr cu

x, Fks] lc ,d nwljs dks uke ls cqykus yxs FksA vafre fnu ?kj tkrs le; lHkh cPps mnkl Fks]

bl ckr dks ysdj dh ;s f”kfoj dk vk[kjh fnu FkkA bu N% fnuksa esa gesa cPpksa ls lcls T;knk

lh[kus dks feykA dqN cPps dSls yhM jksy esa vk tkrs gSa] fdl rjg dh xfrfof/k;k¡ mUgs lkewfgd

:i ls dke djus ds fy, mRizsfjr djrh gSa] fdl rjg dh ppkZvksa esa cPps [kqydj [kqn dks

vfHkO;Dr djrs gSa vkfnA

fiNys fnuksa tks dqN Hkh cPpksa us fd;k Fkk mu lcdks vkt geus ,d dejs esa iznf”kZr

dj fn;k rkfd vfHkHkkod Hkh ns[k vkSj le> ik,sa dh ;gk¡ cPps dj D;k jgs Fks] lkFk gh izkstsDVj

dh enn ls geus f”kfoj ds lkjs QksVksxzkQ Hkh iznf”kZr fd, rkfd vfHkHkkod mUgs dke djrs gq, Hkh

ns[k ik,sa] blds vykok QksVksxzkQ Hkh iznf”kZr djus dk ,d edln ;s Hkh Fkk fd [kqn ds QksVks dks

lewg esa ns[kus dk viuk gh etk gksrk gS bl etsnkjh dk yqRQ cPps Hkh mBk,saA

5%30 cts ds vklikl 10&15 vfHkHkkod vk,A cPpksa dh jpukvksa dks ns[kdj mUgs vPNk yx jgk

Fkk ;s mudh vkil dh ppkZvksa vkSj psgjksa ij g¡lh ls lkQ Li’V gks jgk FkkA vfHkHkkodksa us cSBdj

QksVks Hkh ns[ks] cPps mUgs ckj ckj cksy jgs Fks fd ns[kuk eEeh vHkh esjk QksVks Hkh vk,xk vkSj eEeh

vius cPps ds QksVks bartkj djus yxhA

bl f”kfoj ls feys mRlkg dks ge cPpksa ds fy, vkxs dSls cjdjkj j[k ik,saxsa lkFk gh

bl rjg ds volj Ldwy dSls cPpksa dks miyC/k djk,s bl ij vHkh ge fopkj dj jgs gSaA

f”kfoj dh dqN >yfd;k¡