CIVICS NC Final REVIEW Name____________________________

Unit 1 Founding Principles

1. What is mercantilism?

2. Enlightenment Thinkers Main Ideas Influence

Locke

Hobbes

Montesquieu

Rousseau

3. How did the Magna Carta limit the power of the English king?

4. How did the English Bill of Rights limit the power of the government?

5. What was salutary neglect?

6. How will colonists’ feelings toward this practice change in 1763?

7. How did the economic practice of mercantilism cause colonists to feel about mother England?

8. Know how each event led to calls for independence by the colonists:

Writs of Assistance Quartering Act

Stamp Act Tea Act

“No Taxation without Representation” Boston Tea Party

Sons of Liberty George Washington

9. How did boycotts play a role in colonial rebellion?

10. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

11. Whose ideas influenced its content?

12. What was the purpose of the Declaration of Independence?

13. How did Shay’s Rebellion change people’s opinions about the Articles of Confederation?

14. What issue was at the center of the rebellion?

15. What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

16. What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?

17. Constitutional CompromisesIssue

18. Compare the views of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists on government.Federalists Anti-Federalists

People

Who should have power?

Strict or Loose Interpretation of the Constitution

People

Who should have power?

Strict or Loose Interpretation of the Constitution

Representation

New Jersey plan- The Great Compromise-

Slavery

Electing the President

Virginia plan-

Do they want a Bill of Rights? Do they want a Bill of Rights?

19. What was the purpose of the Federalist Papers?

20. How did the debates of Federalists and Anti-Federalists affect the US Constitution?

21. Explain the key principles included in the Constitution?

Separation of Powers

Checks and Balances

Rule of Law

Popular Sovereignty

Federalism

22. When was the Constitution ratified?

23. Write 5 examples of individual civil rights (think first 10 amendments.

24. KNOW THE BILL OF RIGHTS AND ALL AMENDMENTS

25. Types of GovernmentsDemocracy-

Representative democracy-

Dictatorship/Totalitarian-

Theocracy- Oligarchy-

Absolute Monarchy- Constitutional Monarchy –

Unit 2: The Structure and Function of Government1. What is stated in the Preamble?

2. What is “full faith and credit?”

3. How is the Constitution a “Living Document”?

4. What are implied powers?

5. What clause of the Constitution allows for them to be used?6. Powers of government (see Chapter 6 Section 2 of your textbook)

Expressed Powers of Congress Implied Powers of Congress Nonlegislative Powers of Congress

7. How does the Constitution create a framework for the US government? Article 1 Laughing

Article 2 Elves

Article 3 Join

Article 4 Santa

Article 5 And

Article 6 Santa’s

Article 7 Reindeer

8. What is the title is the leader of the House of Representatives?

9. Who is the official leader of the Senate whose only job it is to break a tie??

10. Who is the leader of the Senate in their absence?

11. Who draws the legislative districts and when are they drawn?

12. How is the committee system used in Congress? (What do the standing, conference, and joint committees do in Congress?)

13. Know how a bill becomes a law.

14. On which level/s (federal, state, local) must a bill be read 3 times? On which level is the law called an “ordinance”?

15. How can Congress override a presidential veto?

16. What tactic is used in the Senate to delay a vote on a bill so that it dies?

17. Explain the role of the President and the role of Congress in controlling foreign policy. (war powers, treaties, emergencies, declaring war…)

18. How many justices make up the US Supreme Court?

19. Who appoints them? 20. Who approves them?

21. Examples of Jurisdiction – which court has the following jurisdictions?Original Jurisdiction Appellate Jurisdiction

Concurrent Jurisdiction Exclusive Jurisdiction

22. Complete the checks and balances chart below.

23. Supreme Court Cases – Write the majority opinion of each case and the amendment (when applicable).

Implied powers of the Constitution Judicial ReviewPlessy v. Ferguson Marbury v. Madison

Brown v. Board of Education Elastic Clause and Supremacy clause and Art 1

McColloch v. Maryland

Swann v. Charlotte MecklenburgGibbons v. Ogden

Korematsu v. US

Heart of Atlanta Motel v. USIndividual Rights

Furman v. Georgia-

Gregg v. Georgia-

Gideon v. Wainwright-

Regents of the University of Californiav. Bakke-

New Jersey v. TLO-

Bethel School District v. Fraser-

Tinker v. Des Moines-

Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier-

Texas v. Johnson-

Engel v. Vitale-

Miranda v. Arizona-

Mapp v. Ohio-

In re Gault-

24. What are some services governments provide?US (at least 5) NC (at least 4) Local (at least 3)

25. Fill in the chart:

What is it?Type (progressive,

regressive, proportional)Income tax

Sales tax

Property tax

Excise tax

Estate and gift taxes

Customs dutiesIntergovernmental Revenue

26.34. What is the largest expenditure of the federal government?

27. What is Medicare? Medicaid?

28. What government agencies protect the safety of citizens?Crime Control National Security Immigration

Federal

State

Local

FBI, US Marshals, CIA

SBI, State Trooper,Highway Patrol,DMV

Sheriff,Metropolitan Police

Magistrate

Army, Navy, Marines, Coast Guard

National Guard

ICEBorder Patrol

29. What are consequences for noncompliance to the law? Community Service, Propaganda, House Arrest, Fine, Arrest

Unit 2 Structure and Function of Government - NC1. How many constitutions has North Carolina had? How are they different?

2. What is a charter?

3. What role does the NC government play in the creation of local governments?

4. Fill in the chart:BRANCH Structure Function

NC Executive

branchNC

Legislative branch

NC Judicial branch

5. Where in the North Carolina Constitution do we find the rights of citizens?

6. How can the North Carolina constitution be changed?

7. What is meant by “equal protection of the laws” on a state level?

8. How does the 14th amendment restrict the actions of states?

9. What are the sources of tax money for the state of North Carolina and local governments?

State Local Personal and corporate income taxes property taxesSales tax utility user feesExcise taxes intergovernmental revenues- from other levelsintergovernmental revenues- from other of governmentlevels of government

10. What is the largest expenditure of NC government?

11. Give examples of services provided by state and local governments.State Local Court system, public schools, consumer Elections, jails, mental health services, public Protection (Attorney General’s office), schools, social services, utilities, cemeteries, highways, prisons and mental institutions, libraries, street lights, traffic control, animal state parks shelters, fire protection, land use regulation (zoning,

annexation), parks, public housing, solid waste collection, water supply, airports

12. What was the ruling in the Leandro case?

13. What was the ruling in State v. Mann?

14. Compare and contrast the US and State Constitutions. List at least 3 major differences.

Unit 3 Elections, etc1. What is a political Party and what are the functions of Political Parties?

2. What party system do we have in the US? 3. What are the major parties?

4. What are third parties? 5. Why do they run for office even though they know they will not win?

6. How are parties in a multiparty system able to achieve their political agenda?

7. What are the requirements to vote in North Carolina?

8. Define each of the following:a. Primary Election- b. National Convention- c. General Election –d. Electoral College

9. What are the various ways your opinion can be influenced?

10. Public hearings, forum, propaganda, interest groups, media, personal background, debates

11. What three levels of organization are there in political parties? What is the job/goal of each of these levels?

Federal State Local /Precinct Put on the national nominating Focus on electing party each city or county is convention for President/ VP members to state office- governor, divided into election

attorney general, state legislature districts called precinctsWrite platform at convention

encourage voter turnoutcampaign committees- elect on election day, organizemembers to Congress and poll workers on electionraise money for candidates day, distribute leaflets

about candidates, register

voters

Elect local officials-sheriff, mayor, etc.

Work at the “Grassroots” or neighborhood level

12. What is a precinct?

13. What is the difference between a plank and a platform?

14. What are the five groups on the political spectrum?

15. What is the difference between an Initiative and Referendum?

16. Define and give examples of each:

Duty-

Responsibility-

17. What role do interest groups play in the political process?

18. What is the job of a lobbyist?

19. Examples of ways conflicts can be resolved. Mediation, arbitration, courts, election, recall, government agencies (National, state, local)

Unit 5 Law

1. Define jurisdiction:

2. What kinds of cases are handled by federal courts? Use the word bank below to complete the chart.

3. What are the steps in a criminal trial?

7. Describe each of the following laws and how they became incorporated into the American system of laws:

a. Magna Carta

b. English Bill of Rights

c. Habeas Corpus

8. How important is each part of due process for the accused? Which individual right is protected in the following:

Presumption of innocence

Due process

Impartial tribunal

Right to counsel

Trial by juryRight against self-

incriminationProtection against double jeopardy

9. How are laws influenced by?

Political parties

Constituents

Interest groups

4. If you decided to plea not guilty and you go to court you can be found guilty or (convicted/acquitted). Or you can be found not guilty or (convicted/acquitted).

5. If the jury can not reach a verdict they are a ________ jury.

6. It is the job of the __________________________ to decide not guilty or guilty and the job of the ______________________to pass sentence.

Lobbyists

Media

Public opinion

10. TYPE OF LAW DEFINITIONS / EXAMPLESCriminal

LawCivil Law

Constitutional Law

Administrative Law

Statutory Law

Common/Case Law

Precedents

Prosecution

Defense

Lawsuit

Plaintiff11. What is the difference between a statute and an ordinance?

Unit 6: Economics – Introduction, Basic Terms1. Fill in the chart: FACTORS OF PRODUCTION

(labor = human, land = natural)FACTOR OF

PRODUCTIONDEFINITION EXAMPLES

C

E

L

L

2. What is economics the study of?

3. What is the difference between a want and a need?

4. What are the three essential economic questions that all societies must answer?

5. Important economic terms - give the definition and an example of each:Economic term Definition Example

Trade off

Opportunity cost

Fixed costs

Variable costs

Total cost

Profit Incentive

6. Define scarcity:

7. Define consumer:

8. How can specialization and the division of labor increase output?

9. Describe the major components of each type of economic system include who answers the basic economic questionsMarket Economy Command Economy

Traditional Economy Mixed Economy

10. What important aspect of a free enterprise system was first talked about in Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations?

Unit 6: Economics – Market Characteristics

1. Fill in the Circular Flow Model.

2. MARKET WHAT HAPPENS IN THE MARKET

Product Market

Factor Market

3. Supply, Demand, and Pricesdraw a supply curve draw a demand curve

What are the factors that would change supply? What are the factors that would change demand?

4. How do substitutes and complements affect demand?a. substitutes that decline in price affect supply?b. substitutes that decline in price affect demand?c. complements that decline in price affect supply?d. complements that decline in price affect demand?e. If the price of jelly increases, explain the effect on supply and demand of peanut butter.f. If the price of gas increases, explain the effect on the supply and demand for hybrid cars.

5. Draw and label the graph of the supply and demand curve appropriately with the following: Surplus, Shortage, Equilibrium price, Price, and Quantity.

6. TERM DEFINITION WHAT HAPPENS TO PRICES

Surplus

Shortage

Graph the shift in supply or demand in the scenarios below. Be sure to include: price, quantity, curve, direction, determinant, how the equilibrium price and quantity change when the lines shift.

7. Godiva chocolate when it is an announced that chocolate causes cancer.

8. Godiva chocolate when the price of sugar increases.

9. Godiva chocolate goes on sale.

10. What are the ways the government can affect prices? price ceiling, price floor, tax policies, subsidies, and incentives

11. What effect does inflation have on prices?

12. What effect does deflation have on prices?

13. Why is invisible hand important in our economy?

14. How does a monopoly hurt the consumer?

15. TYPE OF

BUSINESS DEFINITION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Sole Proprietorship

Partnerships

Corporation

16. Corporation owners are called ________________. They buy/sell stocks in the ________ _______. What is their liability?_________ What does this mean?_______________

17. What is a labor union?

18. When do business leaders and labor unions use collective bargaining?

19. What are ways labor unions attempt to get management to agree to their terms?

20. What are ways management attempt to get labor to agree to their terms?

21. The banking system

Commercial banks

Savings and loan associations

Credit unions

22. What does the FDIC do?

Unit 6: Economics: the business cycle, Monetary and Fiscal policies

1. What is GDP?

2. How does GDP determine our standard of living? How does the business cycle reflect GDP?

3. What is the Consumer Price Index(CPI)? What does it measure?

4. Describe what is shown on the graph. CHANGE THE TERM “recession” to “contraction”.

a. Describe a contraction using the terms GDP, unemployment, stock prices=

b. Describe an expansion using the terms GDP, unemployment, stock prices=

5. What happens to prices and jobs (unemployment levels)…During a Contraction? During Expansion?

6. What role does the Fed (the Federal Reserve) play in the economy?

7. Fed’s tools of monetary policyTool of foreign policy What it is How it affects the money supply

Reserve requirements

Discount rate

Open market operations

Expand the money supply = increase the money supply= stimulate the economy

Contract the money supply = decreased the money supply = slow the economy

8. If the Federal Reserve raises the discount rate, they want to ______ the money supply and make interest rates _____.

9. If the Federal Reserve lowers the discount rate, they want to ______ the money supply and make interest rates _____.

10. If the Federal Reserve raises the reserve requirement, they want to _______ the money supply and _______ the business cycle.

11. If the Federal Reserve lowers the reserve requirement, they want to _______ the money supply and _______ the business cycle.

12. If the Federal Reserve sells bonds/bills on the open market, they want to ______ the money supply and _______ the business cycle.

13. If the Federal Reserve buys bonds/bills on the open market, they want to ______ the money supply and _______ the business cycle.

14. What is fiscal policy?

15. Who controls fiscal policy?

16. What are the two tools of fiscal policy?

17. If the government raises the tax rate, they want to __________ the money supply and _______ the business cycle.

18. If the government lowers the tax rate, they want to __________ the money supply and _______ the business cycle.

19. If the government increases spending, they want to __________ the business cycle.

20. If the government lowers spending, they want to __________ the business cycle.

Unit 7 International Trade1. What are some issues of globalization?

2. World Economic Organizations

Organization OrganizationAbbreviation Description

NAFTA

WTO

EU

IMF

UN

World Bank

3. Globalization/Global Interdependence-

4. What happens when there are changes in the economy of one nation?

5. Trade What major products involve US government subsidies to stabilize prices and to keep the prices low? Corn, peanuts, and soybeans

6. Export-

7. Import-

8. Comparative Advantage and specialization – fill in the blanks using the word bank below:

banking biotechnology cigarettes factory made (cheaper) furniture fishinghogs

high end custom made furniture research triangle park technology sweet potatoestextiles

tourism wheat

a. Example of a product for which the US has a comparative advantage ____________________b. Example of a product for which NC has a comparative advantage________________________

c. What is the role of NC in the global economy? _______________________________________ Which industries have been hurt by international trade? _____________________________________

and which industries have been helped?________________________________d. What is the role of NC in the US economy? ________________________________________9. Balance of Trade - What is a favorable balance of trade? Does the US currently have a favorable balance of trade? Does NC?

10. Explain the Research Triangle Park.

11. How does a tariff affect consumers and producers?

12. How has downsizing affected NC consumers and producers?

13. Trade Barriers, restrictions on trade, protectionism - For which products does the US most frequently use tariffs, quotas and subsidies?

a. Tariff-

b. Quota-

c. Sanctions-

d. Embargo-

14. Arguments for Trade Barriers/protectionism Arguments for Free Trade:a. a.

b. b.

c. c.

d. d.

15. How have these organizations affected the US economy? (What is their role and/or function?)a. Banks?___________________________________________b. Labor unions ______________________________________c. The Federal Reserve______________________________________d. Nonprofit organizations (the Red Cross, hospitals, charities): volunteer worke. cooperatives: people work in exchange for cheaper goods or servicesf. Wall Street______________________________________

Unit 8 Personal Financial Literacy

1. Define gross and net pay.

2. Would you include the following in a personal budget?Yes No Mayb

eYes No Mayb

eGross Pay Variable Expenses – credit card

paymentsNet Pay Savings Deposit

Fixed Expenses - loan payments) Variable Expenses – electricityFixed Expenses - car insurance Variable Expenses – EntertainmentFixed Expenses – life insurance Variable Expenses – clothing

Fixed Expenses – long term care insurance Fixed Expenses – rent/mortgage

Variable Expenses – phone bill Fixed Expenses – car paymentVariable Expenses – pet Variable Expenses – gas

Variable Expenses – personal expenses

Insurance – health, renters

Variable Expenses – food

r. How would a fiscally responsible individual manage a checking and a savings account?4. What is most important to become “credit worthy”?

5. How would a fiscally responsible individual plan to meet the financial goal of purchasing a car or home?

Financing more education to improve employment?

Retirement? 401K IRA investing in the stock market bonds

5. How do consumer protection laws and government regulations empower the individual consumer?

6. How can an individual protect themselves from fraudulent business practices?

PFL 2.1 - 2.3, 2.5 most effective least effective other???

1. refuse to disclose personal information      

2. give out Social Security #    

3. join a Ponzi scheme      

4. skip the fine print      

5. read the terms and conditions      

6. report investment/internet scams      

7. use the Better Business Bureau      

8. contact the Attorney General to report fraud      

9. join a do not call list      

10. research investment protection laws      11. use the state Secretary of State website to research a business      

7. What are 5 types of insurance/estate planning? Car, health, renters, life, liability, travel, disablitiy, long term care, and natural sisaster

8,. What is the difference between resolving consumer conflict by contacting the state Attorney General, the Better Business Bureau or the state Secretary of State?