ciselt module 5.2: classroom dynamics. assemble the contents of your envelope how does the puzzle...
TRANSCRIPT
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CiSELT Module 5.2: Classroom Dynamics
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• Assemble the contents of your envelope
• How does the puzzle represent a metaphor for teamwork?
• Each piece is a different shape but fits with the others;
the whole is better than the individual pieces;
there are boundaries
Introduction
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By the end of this workshop you will be able to:
• define a group and the concept of group dynamics
• identify the main characteristics of an effective group and the roles in a group setting
• reflect on different patterns of classroom interaction and seating patterns
• identify teacher’s and learners’ responsibilities in each of the different stages in group development
• evaluate different types of group activities and their effectiveness in promoting effective group dynamics
• develop ways of involving learners in creating (and owning) classroom norms (class contract).
Learning Outcomes
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1. What is a group?
• Collection of individuals who have regular contact and frequent interaction, mutual influence, common feeling of camaraderie, and who work together to achieve a common set of goals.
(www.businessdictionary.com/definition/group.html)
• A number of individuals assembled together or having some unifying relationship.
(www.merriam-webster.com/netdict/group)
Group Dynamics: Definitions
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2. Now look at the following definition of group dynamics
Group dynamics refer to the relationships between learners in a group and the impact that this has on the way they work.
(www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/knowledge-wiki/group-dynamics)
Group Dynamics: Definitions
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What makes and effective group?
Use these ideas to help you:
• purpose• climate• participation• conflict• roles• communication
Group Dynamics
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1. When I notice some group members sidetracked into conversations not related to the task I set up, how do I react? How can I prevent this?
• Allow for a little bit of small talk at the beginning – this is not necessarily a disruptive thing, and may make group members feel more relaxed.
• Have a clearly structured task, with a defined outcome. • Appoint someone in the group to be the facilitator.
Group Dynamics: Activity 1.2
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2. When conflicts appear in my classroom, how do I help resolve them? How can I prevent them?
• Remind learners that differences of opinion are natural, and can actually help with the task; ‘Agree to disagree’.
• It’s helpful to have class norms or group contract, where everyone’s agreed on rules, e.g. no personal attacks; if you dislike an idea, you need to explain why, not just reject it.
• Get learners to explain how conflicts can be useful.
Group Dynamics: Activity 1.2
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3. After a conflict, how can I re-establish a positive atmosphere and good dynamics?
• Remind learners that conflicts are a normal stage in group work. • Don’t ignore the problem, talk about it.
Group Dynamics: Activity 1.2
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4. When I set up group work, how do I ensure equal participation of all group members?
• Appoint someone to be the observer. • Re-examine the relevance of the topic/task. • Establish what group members have in common.
Group Dynamics: Activity 1.2
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5. When I notice that some learners are not pulling their weight, what do I do?
• Intervene if this persists. • Remember to ask why, without immediately assuming the worst.• The person may be experiencing personal problems. Ask her/him
about this in private.
Group Dynamics: Activity 1.2
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Groups: Discuss the following points
• How successful do you feel group work is in your classroom?
• What effect does a mixed ability class have on group tasks?
• Which are the advantages/disadvantages of mixed ability groups & similar ability groups
2. Patterns of Interaction
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2.1 Classroom Activities
2.2 Seating Arrangements
2. Patterns of Interaction
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Feedback
• The dynamics of the team change when you change a team. So one has to go through each phase once again, which causes a decrease in productivity. It’s something to be aware of when groups change.
• Limitations of the model: The model was designed to describe stages in small groups. In reality, group processes may not be as linear as Tuckman describes them, but rather cyclical.
• Characteristics for each stage are not set in stone, and as the model deals with human behaviour, it is sometimes unclear when a team has moved from one stage to another. There may be overlap between the stages.
3. Stages of group development
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• The model does not take account of the individual roles that team members will have to undertake.
• There is no guidance on the timeframe for moving from one stage to another.
• This is a subjective, as opposed to an objective, model.
From: www.kvaes.be/social/forming-storming-norming-performing/
3. Stages of Group Development
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• Language focus• describing people• simple speculation• modal verbs
4.1: People, Rooms & Lives
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• Group focus• establishing team identity
4.2: Department XYZ
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• Language focus• revision of lexis• paraphrasing• circumlocution
4.3: Hot Seat
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• Learning Styles• Fluency
4.4: Senses
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• Activity for grouping• Language focus• giving opinions• providing reasons
4.5: The 4 walls
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• Warmer• Language focus• pronunciation
4.6: Funny dialogue
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• Brainstorm the different roles you have identified in your classrooms
• Look at the roles your group has been given and answer the questions:
• In what ways are these roles potentially destructive for a group?• What options do you have for reacting to them?• How do you deal with them?• Are there any roles that promote interaction?
5. Roles and Challengers
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• What is a group contract?
• Who decides on the content?
• When is the best time to draw one up?
• What would it contain?
6. Class Contracts
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• Possible statements:
• I agree to……• contribute actively• listen to my classmates• help my colleagues• ask for help• do my share of the workload• respect my teammates• ….• ….
6. Class Contracts
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• May also include:
• arriving late / unprepared for class
• dealing with disagreements
• appropriate classroom language
• expectations from learners / teacher
• rules for interrupting
• it’s OK to make mistakes
• …
• ….
6. Class Contracts
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Any Questions?