CIS 321—IS Analysis & Design

Chapter 1: The World of the Modern Systems

Analyst

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What is IS Analysis and Design?

Information systems (IS) are a key ingredient for successful organizations.

The key to successful IS is thorough analysis and design.

Systems analysis is specifying ______ the IS will do.

Systems design is specifying ______ the IS will do what the analysis specifies.

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IS Problem Solving—1 Understand the __________

goals, objectives, players, business processes Define ____________ for the solution

inputs, processes, outputs Perform __________ analysis

economic feasibility technological feasibility

Develop ___________ solutions hardware, software, people, culture

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IS Problem Solving—2 Recommend one ____________

consult with users and stakeholders _________ the solution in detail

databases, user interfaces, networks, procedures, conversion strategy, programs

___________ the solution hardware, software, coding, testing, deployment

Monitor and _________ the solution check with users and stakeholders recommend and make necessary improvements

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Information Systems A system: collection of interrelated ___________

that function together to achieve an outcome. An information system: a system designed to economically provide useful information.

A ___________ is a part or component of a system. A system may be a component of a ____________. Functional ______________ is dividing a system into

its components. A system has a boundary or ________. A system has an ____________ boundary.

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A Computer-Based IS (CBIS)

Hardware computers, peripherals, networks, servers

Software OS, application, packaged, custom, web-based

Inputs manual, automated, real-time, batched

Outputs real-time, detailed, summarized, hardcopy, softcopy

Data flat file, database

People users, managers, technicians, programmers

Procedures documentation, training, hiring

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Types of Information Systems

Transaction processing system (TPS) capture and record information about business

transactions, on-line TPS (OLTP) Management IS (MIS)

uses a TPA to produce reports for planning and controlling

Executive IS (EIS) provide executives with information for strategic

planning comes from TPS, MIS, and external sources

Decision support system (DSS) designed to facilitate decision making, “what if” analysis

Communication support, office support systems

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Technical Knowledge & Skills

Computers Peripherals Networks Databases Programming languages Operating systems Tools

packages (MS Access, Oracle Developer, etc.) integrated development environments (IDE’s)—

e.g., .NET computer-aided system engineering (CASE)

Techniques (project mgmt, systems A&D, coding)

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Business Knowledge & Skills

Business functions Finance Manufacturing Marketing Management

Business types Manufacturing Retail Finance Health Insurance

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People Knowledge and Skills

Company ___________ people, values, teamwork, etc.

Managers’ and users’ skill sets Reaction to change Ways of communicating Relationships (politics) Ethics

keep sensitive information confidential for your own company for your client’s company

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Environment of the Analyst

Technological environment Desktop systems Networks Client-server Mainframe Internet, intranet, extranet technology

Job titles programmer analyst systems designer software engineer consultant, …

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The Analyst & Strategic Planning

Developing EIS’s (___________ IS) Consulting with senior managers on IS strategy

plan part of the firm’s overall strategic plan application architecture plan technology architecture plan

Business process ______________ (BPR) project radical improvement, not continuous improvement

___________ resource planning (ERP) integrated set of software packages for key IS SAP, PeopleSoft complex, expensive

Working with consultants