chromosomal inheritance 2007.notebook -...
TRANSCRIPT
Chromosomal Inheritance 2007.notebook
1
April 07, 2008
Mar 258:02 PM
The ChromosomalBasisofInheritanceChapter 15
Mar 258:56 PM
Chromosome Theory of Inheritance:
Genes have a specific loci on chromosomes and it is the chromosomes that undergo segregation and independent assortment.
Mar 258:04 PM
Chromosomal Inheritance 2007.notebook
2
April 07, 2008
Mar 258:04 PM
Mar 258:04 PM
Mar 258:05 PM
Drosophila melanogaster a species of fruit flyWild type with normal colored eyes
Chromosomal Inheritance 2007.notebook
3
April 07, 2008
Mar 259:09 PM
Drosophila melanogaster a mutant with white eyes
Mar 258:06 PM
Mar 259:16 PM
Sex linked traits in fruit flies
Chromosomal Inheritance 2007.notebook
4
April 07, 2008
Mar 2610:39 AM
Sex Linked Characters and the Punnett Square
Mar 258:11 PM
Linked genes Genes located on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together because the chromosome is passed along as a unit.Predict the phenotypic ratios from the following cross and if you get 2300 offsprings, how many of each type would you get?
Dihybrid Double mutantb+ b vg + vg X b b vg vg
b vg
b+ vg + b+ vg b vg + b vg
Mar 258:11 PM
If the b and vg genes are linked. What type of gametes would you expect from the following crosses? What would be the phenotypic ratios?
Dihybrid Double mutantb+ b vg + vg X b b vg vg
b vg
b+ vg + b+ vg b vg + b vg
How would you explain the following phenotypical results?
Grey body with normal wings 965 fliesBlack body with vestigial wings 944 fliesGrey body with vestigial wings 206 fliesBlack body with normal wings 185 flies
Chromosomal Inheritance 2007.notebook
5
April 07, 2008
Mar 258:11 PM
Mar 259:52 PM
Mar 258:08 PM
Chromosomal Inheritance 2007.notebook
6
April 07, 2008
Mar 258:13 PM
Mar 258:14 PM
Sexlinkedgenes have uniquepatterns ofinheritance.
Mar 279:22 AM
Sexlinked Disorders in Humans
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Hemophilia
Chromosomal Inheritance 2007.notebook
7
April 07, 2008
Mar 279:24 AM
ColourBlindness
Mar 279:25 AM
Color tests
Mar 258:15 PM
XInactivation in Female MammalsBarr
Body
Chromosomal Inheritance 2007.notebook
8
April 07, 2008
Mar 258:15 PM
Nondisjunction
Mar 258:17 PM
Mar 288:10 PM
Turner Syndrome
Turner_syndrome SymptomsCommon symptoms of Turner syndrome include• Short stature • Lymphoedema (swelling) of the hands and feet • Broad chest ( shield chest ) and widelyspaced nipples • Low hairline • Lowset ears • Reproductive sterility • Amenorrhea or the absence of a menstrual period Other symptoms may include a small lower jaw (micrognathia), cubitus valgus (turnedin elbows), a webbed neck ,soft upturned nails, Simian crease and drooping eyelids. Less common are pigmented moles , hearing loss, and a higharch palate (narrow maxilla). Turner syndrome manifests itself differently in each female affected by the condition, and no two individuals will share the same symptoms
Chromosomal Inheritance 2007.notebook
9
April 07, 2008
Mar 288:13 PM
Klinefelter's syndrome
The SYMPTOMS: After Puberty: Arm span exceeds height by more that an inch. No or very little body hair and no facial hair. High voice. Minimal muscle growth in arms/legs. Weak or no energy. Small testicles. Breast Tissue (not just fat, but actually firm breasts). Low Testosterone Level. High Estrogen Level. Karotype reveals XXY sex chromosomes.
Mar 288:19 PM
Mar 288:23 PM
Patau's syndrome
Serious eye, brain, circulatory defects as well as cleft palate. 1:5000 live births. Children rarely live more than a few months.
Chromosomal Inheritance 2007.notebook
10
April 07, 2008
Mar 288:25 PM
Edward's syndrome
Almost every organ system affected 1:10,000 live births. Children with full Trisomy 18 generally do not live more than a few months.
Mar 258:16 PM
Polyploid Tetraploid viscacha rat from Argentina
Mar 258:19 PM
Chromosomal Inheritance 2007.notebook
11
April 07, 2008
Mar 258:21 PM
Cri du ChatSyndrome
Mar 258:23 PM
Mar 258:29 PM
, , , , , , , , , .
Microdeletion 22q11.2
Criduchat
Cornelia de Lange
Fragile X
Mucopolysaccharidosis III
Noonan
PraderWilli
SmithLemliOpitz
Sotos
WilliamsBeuren
Chromosomal Inheritance 2007.notebook
12
April 07, 2008
Mar 289:20 PM
Mar 289:04 PM
Genomic imprinting:In mammals certain genes are silenced, while its allele on the homologous chromosome is expressed. This may depend on whther the gene resides in a female or in a male.
PraderWilli syndrome deletion on chromosome 15 inherited from the father.
Angelman syndrome same deletion on chromosome 15 but inherited fromthemother.
Mat Schneider
General characteristics of children with AS: Lack of speech Hyperactivity Very happy demeanor Sleep disturbance Wide gait or stiff walk Seizure disorder Fascination with water and plastic Global developmental delay Hands and arms that flap especially when excited
Mar 289:41 PM
Extranuclear Genes:
Genes found on the mitochondria's DNA and on the chloroplasts DNA will not show Mendelian's pattern of inheritance.
Chromosomal Inheritance 2007.notebook
13
April 07, 2008
Mar 2911:11 AM