christmas writed by: gudal marius ioana tamba trifan george and pinzaru andreea

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CHRISTMAS CHRISTMAS Writed by: Gudal Marius Writed by: Gudal Marius Ioana Tamba Ioana Tamba Trifan George Trifan George and and Pinzaru Andreea Pinzaru Andreea

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Page 1: CHRISTMAS Writed by: Gudal Marius Ioana Tamba Trifan George and Pinzaru Andreea

CHRISTMASCHRISTMAS

Writed by: Gudal MariusWrited by: Gudal Marius

Ioana TambaIoana Tamba

Trifan GeorgeTrifan George

and and

Pinzaru AndreeaPinzaru Andreea

Page 2: CHRISTMAS Writed by: Gudal Marius Ioana Tamba Trifan George and Pinzaru Andreea

• Christmas Christmas or or Christmas Christmas DayDay is a holiday observed is a holiday observed generally on December 25 to generally on December 25 to commemorate the birth of commemorate the birth of Jesus, the central figure of Jesus, the central figure of Christianity. The date is not Christianity. The date is not known to be the actual known to be the actual birthday of Jesus, and may birthday of Jesus, and may have initially been chosen to have initially been chosen to correspond with either the correspond with either the day exactly nine months after day exactly nine months after some early Christians some early Christians believed Jesus had been believed Jesus had been conceived, the date of the conceived, the date of the winter solstice on the ancient winter solstice on the ancient Roman calendar, or one of Roman calendar, or one of various ancient Winter various ancient Winter festivals. Christmas is central festivals. Christmas is central to the Christmas and holiday to the Christmas and holiday season, and in Christianity season, and in Christianity marks the beginning of the marks the beginning of the larger season of larger season of Christmastide, which lasts Christmastide, which lasts twelve days.twelve days.

Page 3: CHRISTMAS Writed by: Gudal Marius Ioana Tamba Trifan George and Pinzaru Andreea

Although nominally a Although nominally a Christian holiday, Christmas is Christian holiday, Christmas is also widely celebrated by also widely celebrated by many non-Christians, and many non-Christians, and many of its popular many of its popular celebratory customs have celebratory customs have pre-Christian or secular pre-Christian or secular themes and origins. Popular themes and origins. Popular modern customs of the modern customs of the holiday include gift-giving, holiday include gift-giving, music, an exchange of music, an exchange of greeting cards, church greeting cards, church celebrations, a special meal, celebrations, a special meal, and the display of various and the display of various decorations; including decorations; including Christmas trees, lights, Christmas trees, lights, garlands, mistletoe, nativity garlands, mistletoe, nativity scenes, and holly. In addition, scenes, and holly. In addition, several similar mythological several similar mythological figures, known as Saint figures, known as Saint Nicholas, Father Christmas Nicholas, Father Christmas and Santa Claus among other and Santa Claus among other names, are associated with names, are associated with bringing gifts to children bringing gifts to children during the Christmas season.during the Christmas season.

Page 4: CHRISTMAS Writed by: Gudal Marius Ioana Tamba Trifan George and Pinzaru Andreea

• Because gift-giving and Because gift-giving and many other aspects of the many other aspects of the Christmas festival involve Christmas festival involve heightened economic heightened economic activity among both activity among both Christians and non-Christians and non-Christians, the holiday Christians, the holiday has become a significant has become a significant event and a key sales event and a key sales period for retailers and period for retailers and businesses. The economic businesses. The economic impact of Christmas is a impact of Christmas is a factor that has grown factor that has grown steadily over the past few steadily over the past few centuries in many regions centuries in many regions of the world. of the world.

Page 5: CHRISTMAS Writed by: Gudal Marius Ioana Tamba Trifan George and Pinzaru Andreea

CELEBRATION OF CELEBRATION OF CHRISTMASCHRISTMAS

Christmas Day is celebrated as a major Christmas Day is celebrated as a major festival and public holiday in most festival and public holiday in most countries of the world, even in many countries of the world, even in many whose populations are mostly non-whose populations are mostly non-Christian. In some non-Christian Christian. In some non-Christian countries, periods of former colonial rule countries, periods of former colonial rule introduced the celebration ; in others, introduced the celebration ; in others, Christian minorities or foreign cultural Christian minorities or foreign cultural influences have led populations to influences have led populations to observe the holiday. Countries such as observe the holiday. Countries such as Japan and Korea, where Christmas is Japan and Korea, where Christmas is popular despite there being only a small popular despite there being only a small number of Christians, have adopted number of Christians, have adopted many of the secular aspects of many of the secular aspects of Christmas, such as gift-giving, Christmas, such as gift-giving, decorations and Christmas trees. decorations and Christmas trees. Notable countries in which Christmas is Notable countries in which Christmas is not a formal public holiday include not a formal public holiday include People's Republic of China, (excepting People's Republic of China, (excepting Hong Kong and Macao), Japan, Saudi Hong Kong and Macao), Japan, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Thailand, Nepal, Iran, Arabia, Algeria, Thailand, Nepal, Iran, Turkey and North Korea. Christmas Turkey and North Korea. Christmas celebrations around the world can vary celebrations around the world can vary markedly in form, reflecting differing markedly in form, reflecting differing cultural and national traditions.cultural and national traditions.

Page 6: CHRISTMAS Writed by: Gudal Marius Ioana Tamba Trifan George and Pinzaru Andreea

• Among countries with a strong Christian tradition, a variety of Christmas celebrations have developed that incorporate regional and local cultures. For Christians, participating in a religious service plays an important part in the recognition of the season. Christmas, along with Easter, is the period of highest annual church attendance. In Catholic countries, the people hold religious processions or parades in the days preceding Christmas. In other countries, secular processions or parades featuring Santa Claus and other seasonal figures are often held. Family reunions and the exchange of gifts are a widespread feature of the season. Gift giving takes place on Christmas Day in most countries. Others practice gift giving on December 6, Saint Nicholas Day, and January 6, Epiphany

Page 7: CHRISTMAS Writed by: Gudal Marius Ioana Tamba Trifan George and Pinzaru Andreea

FOODFOOD Further information: Christmas dinnerFurther information: Christmas dinner A special Christmas family meal is A special Christmas family meal is

traditionally an important part of the traditionally an important part of the holiday's celebration, and the food that holiday's celebration, and the food that is served varies greatly from country to is served varies greatly from country to country. Some regions, such as Sicily, country. Some regions, such as Sicily, have special meals for Christmas Eve, have special meals for Christmas Eve, when 12 kinds of fish are served. In when 12 kinds of fish are served. In England and countries influenced by its England and countries influenced by its traditions, a standard Christmas meal traditions, a standard Christmas meal includes turkey, meat, gravy, potatoes, includes turkey, meat, gravy, potatoes, vegetables, sometimes bread and vegetables, sometimes bread and cider. Special desserts are also cider. Special desserts are also prepared, such as Christmas pudding, prepared, such as Christmas pudding, mince pies and fruit cake. In Poland mince pies and fruit cake. In Poland and other parts of eastern Europe and and other parts of eastern Europe and Scandinavia, fish often is used for the Scandinavia, fish often is used for the traditional main course, but richer meat traditional main course, but richer meat such as lamb is increasingly served. such as lamb is increasingly served.

Page 8: CHRISTMAS Writed by: Gudal Marius Ioana Tamba Trifan George and Pinzaru Andreea

In Germany, France and Austria, In Germany, France and Austria, goose and pork are favored. Beef, goose and pork are favored. Beef, ham and chicken in various ham and chicken in various recipes are popular throughout the recipes are popular throughout the world. The Maltese traditionally world. The Maltese traditionally serve serve Imbuljuta tal-QastanImbuljuta tal-Qastan, a , a chocolate and chestnuts beverage, chocolate and chestnuts beverage, after Midnight Mass and after Midnight Mass and throughout the Christmas season. throughout the Christmas season. Slovaks prepare the traditional Slovaks prepare the traditional Christmas bread potica, Christmas bread potica, bûche de bûche de NoëlNoël in France, in France, panettonepanettone in Italy, in Italy, and elaborate tarts and cakes. The and elaborate tarts and cakes. The eating of sweets and chocolates eating of sweets and chocolates has become popular worldwide, has become popular worldwide, and sweeter Christmas delicacies and sweeter Christmas delicacies include the German include the German stollenstollen, , marzipan cake or candy, and marzipan cake or candy, and Jamaican rum fruit cake. As one of Jamaican rum fruit cake. As one of the few fruits traditionally available the few fruits traditionally available to northern countries in winter, to northern countries in winter, oranges have been long oranges have been long associated with special Christmas associated with special Christmas foods.foods.

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