AARHUS UNIVERSITYBUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

LNN 2018Integrating knowledge and innovation throughNetworks

CHRISTIAN WALDSTRØM, PH.D.ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, AARHUS UNIVERSITY

Is it possible to overestimate ’networks’?

Google hits:Sex: 2,150 mil.Drugs: 449 mil.Rock ’n’ Roll: 276 mil.

Network: 3,010 mil.

Jesus: 802 mil.Beatles: 209 mil.

Goog le Search I'm Fee ling Lucky

ADMINISTRATION

SCHOOL OF CULTURE AND SOCIETY

DANISH SCHOOL OF EDUCATION

SCHOOL OF COMMUNCATION AND CULTURE

CENTRE FOR TEACHING DEVELOPMENT AND DIGITAL MEDIA

AARHUSBSS

DEPARTMENT Of BUSINESS COMMUNICATION

DEPARTMENT Of BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT Of ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ECONOMICS

DEPARTMENT Of LAW

DEPARTMENT Of MANAGEMENT

DEPARTMENT Of POLITICAL SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT Of PSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICINE

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH

DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL MEDICINE

DEPARTMENT OF DENTISTRY

DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE

SCHOOL OF ORAL HEALTH CARE

SOENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

AARHUS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF AGROECOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF BIOSCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY

DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF GEOSCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND GENETICS

INANO

DCA • DANISH CENTRE FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE

DCE • DANISH CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY

Source: Rosvall, M. and C. T. Bergstrom (2008). "Maps of Random Walks on Complex Networks Reveal Community Structure." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105(4): 1118-1123.

Operations Research

Cimits

Computer Science

Computer Imaging

Fluie1 Mecnanics

Material Engineering

TnlJology Geosciences

Astronomy & AstrophySics

Mathema tics

Telecommunication

Beciromagnetic Engineering

Contro l Theory

Chem ical Engineering Probability & Statistics

Environmenta l Chemistry & Microbio logy

Business & Mar1<eting

Economics Geography

Law

Sociology

Political Science

Otolacyr,gology

Urology Pathology

Derma tology Rheumatology

Ecology & Evolution

Anthropology

Molecular & Cell Biology

Dentistry

Ophthalmology

Gastroen tero logy

Parasitology

Citation flow within field

Citation flow oot of fiel(l

Source: http://www.touchgraph.com/facebook

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Networks: Random or ‘small world’?

• • •

Daily communication

17

9

~ 8

Vulnerability in networks

Source: Duncan J. Watts 2003. Six Degrees: The Science of a Connected Age. London, William Heinemann.

Random Network, Acclden1al Node Failure

-·

Bofore After

Sea It-Free Network, Accldtn ta l Node Failure

Scale-Free Network. Attack on Hubs

0

-After

0

0

0 •

0

0

• 0

Routine response Modular response Customized response

Solving Familiar problems with

known responses

Complex problems with

known components

Ambiguous problems -

innovative solutions

Connections Focuses on process flow Dense in clusters

– sparse between

Dense and redundant

Trust Process execution Role based Expertise

Costs Low Medium High

Challenge Continuity & efficiency Specialization &

coordination

Creating a

collaborative culture

Source: Rob Cross, et al. "A Practical Guide to Social Networks." Harvard Business Review 83(3) 2005 pp1 24-132.

What’s the ideal network?

• • • " / Internal • Internal Internal , • i -~ ~ • I •

ti

.. •

External External • External

Importance of distance

Source: Allen, T. J. 2007. Architecture and communication among product development engineers. Ca. Management Review, 49(2)

0.25

0.20

0.15

0.10 •

0.05 • • • • • •

0.00 0 20 40 60 80 100

Separation Distance (Meters)

Competent Jerks & Lovable Fools

Competent Jerk

mostly avoided

Lovable Star

desperately wanted

Incompetent Jerk

desperately avoided

Lovable Fool

mildly wanted

Co

mp

ete

nc

e

Likeability HighLow

High

Low

Source: Tiziana Casciaro & Miguel Sousa Lobo. "Competent Jerks, Lovable Fools, and the Formation of Social Networks.“ 2005

Harvard Business Review June, pp 92-99.

Contact information

Christian Waldstrøm, PhD,Associate Professor

Aarhus Universitycwa@mgmt.au.dk

NETVJERKS­ANALYSE En introduktion

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