chris rodriguez: history & diversity part 1
DESCRIPTION
Part 1 (of 2) of Chris Rodriguez's 3/15/2013 Presentation on History & Diversity in Mexico for Primary Source. For educational use only.TRANSCRIPT
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Primary Source 9:15 - 10:45 am, March 15, 2013Guest Speaker, Chris Rodriguez
How has Mexico’s history and diversity shaped its traditions?
1. Mexico’s Geography and Indigenous Roots -Many Mexicos
Mayan Popul Vuh
2. Spanish Conquest and Cultural mestizaje -Many Mexicos
Dias de los muertos Indigenous, European, and African mestizajeVirgin Mary of Guadalupe
3. Mexican Revolution and “Racial Homage”
Celebrating Many Mexicos
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Many Mexicos
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Mexico: 3 times the size of Texas
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Mexico City population, 20 million
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Working class neighborhood, Mexico City
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Mexico City high rises
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Mexico City middle class family
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Market in southern Mexico
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1. Mexico’s Population, including Indigenous speakers
Mexico’s population density, 2010
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2. Indigenous Peoples, 2000
speak at least 1 indigenous language
7.7 million speak no Spanish
1.3 million Spanish and 1 indigenous language
5 million Indigenous languages:
88
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Ethnolinguistic Map of Mexico
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Where do Mexicans come from?
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Scientific Story: first American migrants
10,000-40,000 years ago
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By 1492
approximately
25 millionFirst
Mexicans
Earth: 500 Million
Americas: 60 Million
X
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Maya Pyramid, Chichen Itza, Yucatan, 600 AD
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3. Creation Story from Popul Vuh of Quiché Maya
“Book of the Community”
“Discovered” 1702
Middle Americans (Maya, Aztec, etc.) had 10,000s books
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Why did Christian Priests burn most books in early 1500s?
“Burning the books of the gods.” Codex Tlaxcala.
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Tepeu, the MakerGucumatz, Feathered Spirit
Perfect Beings must
Worship properly,Keep days/calendar,Give gods offerings,Walk upright, Reproduce,Care for each other,Work, Speak properly
Devine-Social Contract
1. Mud/clay2. animals3. wood4…
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4th try, creatures helped, used white and yellow corn
Kept calendar,Gave gods offerings,Walked upright,Reproduced,Cared for each other,Worked,Spoke properly,Worshiped properly leader sacrificed own blood
Too perfect:“Breadth on a mirror”
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When Popol Vuh performed - mirror wiped clean
Maya priests performing Popul Vuh,
2001 and 1930s
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Section of oldest Maya mural yet found, 100 BC.
Whatstrikes youabout the Popul Vuh story?
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1490s
Christian Europeans Arrive to
Colonize and Convert
Native Americans
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Maya Sacred World Tree connected Spirit and Human worlds
Christian Europeans told story of the sacrificeof their God’s son on cross
Maya and others, “we can relate.”
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Origin Story
of the Aztecs(people from
Aztlan)
Emerged from Chicomoztoc
“Place of Seven caves”
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Chichimecs
Groups of northern Mexican peoples begin migrating south in1000s.
Deer skin drawing, ca 1530s
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Historical Migration to Valley of Mexico: 1000-1300Aztlan
Tenochtitlan
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1324 founded
Tenochtitlan
“place of the cactus”
Image: The Founding of Tenochtitlan, Codex Mendoza, 1530s.
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Mexican Flag
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1491: Aztec capital of empire, Tenochichtlan
250,000 in Tenochichtlan1 Million in surrounding basin
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Extreme makeover: nomads to city dwellers
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100 miles of artificial lakes Miles of aqueducts
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Aztec Market: jade, Queztal feathers
Section of Diego Rivera mural, Palacio Nacional, Mexico City, 1930s