Chris Burnside

A&AE 450 – Senior Design

Critical Design Review

March 6, 2000

Christopher Burnside

Chris Burnside

CDR Areas

• Vehicles• Final Uses, Numbers, and Analysis

• Vehicle Communications• ERV satellite communications

• Science• What equipment we are taking and what are

we doing when we get there

• Robotic Exploration• What is the purpose of the balloons

Chris Burnside

MH – Mars Hotrod

• Design Constrains and Assumptions• Designed for higher speed surface mobility• Must be able to do emergency rescue up to 1000

Km• Stays around base all time except during emergencies

• Provisions for safety (extra oxygen, fuel, water)• Methanol fuel -- 2.129 KW-hr/Kg (Energy Density)• Lift-off mass -- 475 Kg• Mars mass -- 2600 Kg (Water & Fuel Ballast)

• Creates a low center of mass ~ .6 m off ground

Chris Burnside

MH – Mars Hotrod

• Analysis• C.G. = .6 m from ground

• Gives a simple geometry problem to find the height needed to tip the vehicle over

• 1.13 m height difference from either side of vehicle to tip over

• If you do tip over you can empty the ballast, flip over and drive home. Don’t do that though because it wastes 2 tonnes of water

• .5 m^3 of methanol to complete a 1000 Km drive

Chris Burnside

0 5 10 15-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

Distance traveled [m]

Heig

ht

above

leve

l gro

und [

m]

Height of side with respect to angle and velocity

10 m/s

9 m/s

8 m/s6 m/s

4 m/s

2 m/s

Chris Burnside

Vehicle Design -- MPT

• MPT (Multi-Purpose Trailer).• Designed to hold 5 tonnes of equipment, rovers, and

Martian rocks.• Can be hitched to any of the vehicles.• Customizable – meaning the sides can be removed for

easy storage, transport to Mars and large payloads.• Full complement of straps and tie-downs included in

the tool compartments.• Simple 1 axial design and a crank hitch for stability.• Pivot for easy loading of the rovers and any large

items which can be rolled onto the bed of the trailer.

Chris Burnside

Vehicle Design -- MPT

• 2.4x1.2x1 m (LxWxH)• .5 m ground clearance,

but can be increased with a larger set of wheels if desired

• Main structural elements are:

• (2) 2.4x.028x.1 m• (2) 1.2x.028x.1 m

• Structure Weight• Main structure = 60 Kg• Other weight ~ 60 Kg• Total weight ~120 Kg

Chris Burnside

ATV – All Terrain Vehicle

• Should have 2 vehicles going to Mars• 100 Km range• Methanol combustion • Short-range excursions

C a n c

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d !

!

C a n c

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!

Chris Burnside

Com and Navigation

• Satellite (ERV) Communication bouncing off the ERV to Base and/or Earth.

• Short-wave radio is good backup for limited bandwidth (>200 bps). A typical modem is 56000 bps.

• Inertial and satellite navigation are primary, but either can function without the other.

• Base has an emergency beacon which can be picked-up by the rover using a handheld directional antenna. (Simple pulse of high power short-wave radio).

Chris Burnside

Communications

Chris Burnside

Science Schedule

• Long Range and Short Range Science goals • Rotate excursion teams about every 15 days• Local Science teams is analyzing data from

previous long range sortie• Cataloging and book work of the excursion• Debriefings and Mission updates from Earth• Making recommendations for future sites and

future crews from Earth• Hab maintenance and upkeep

Chris Burnside

Science Schedule

• 4 Main areas of Mars Research• Search for Water

• Information from Long Range science, and balloons

• Search for Life• Information from Excavation and Long Range science

• Construction Methods• Building Bricks, mixing mortar, cement, Observation of

Greenhouse structure for material fatigue, Equipment testing for future workers, site planning and management research

• Life Sciences• How living on Mars and in deep space affects us• Psychological damage, treatment and/or prevention

Chris Burnside

Science Equipment

• List of equipment needed is way beyond what I can even guess. Hundreds of people are going to debate this issue until the first colonies are established.• Computers, Microscopes, electron microscopes,

mass spectrometry equipment, plant biology equipment, drilling equipment, ovens, lab utensils (beakers, test tubes, hoses, clamps), sample isolation containers, chemicals, rock saw, X-ray diffraction machine, scales, Sample containers, etc.

• Working Mass ~ 1500 Kg.

Chris Burnside

Science Equipment

• Tools for fixin’ things• Things are going to break so we need

lots of tools and spare material to fix it• Hammers, saws, aluminum stock, sets

of screw drivers, torches, rivet machine, pumps, screws, bolts, tape, grease, power tools

Chris Burnside

Science

• Experiments which can be performed• Chemical composition via mass spectrometry• Volatile gases contained in the samples (what

is and was the Martian atmosphere made of.)• Search for microfossils with microscopes and

electron microscopes• Soil processing for greenhouse plants• Meteorological sciences

Chris Burnside

Robotic Exploration

• Size• Gondola 1x1x1 m cube• Balloon 24 m• 27 Kg of Hydrogen per

balloon• Total weight ~37 Kg• At this size we can take

a lot of balloons

• Want to take a dozen balloons and launch one every 45 days

• Reasonable life span of 25 days