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A collaborative magazine on Chinese Inventions.

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Page 1: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

 

Page 2: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

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tempus. Nullam urna. Quisque dictum

Bibliography

1

Nunc

pulvinar elementum sem. Cras sed est. Suspendisse sed odio sed tortor nonummy

Umbrella

The umbrella is a fascinating invention created by the Chinese nearly 4,000

years ago. Its soft layer of waxed oil paper repelled the pouring rain, and blocked the sunlight.

Thin bamboo sticks where used to form the umbrella’s structure and allowed it to open and

close. The umbrella also represented elegance along with other things.

The umbrella was a sign of wealth back in those days, and only emperors and nobles

had them. The bigger the umbrella was, the richer you where, and they always had slaves carry

the umbrella over their heads. The spread began in the year 1700 when a Persian traveler

wandered through the streets of England with this device over his head. Soon it became popular

and spread throughout the world. The umbrella has been modified today in many ways, and it is

an invention that is necessary in a person’s lifestyle.

“Asian inventions & Discoveries.” Asian Invention and Inventions. 2005. Inventors Assistance League. 3 march, 2011. http://www.inventions.org/culture/asian/chinese.html Temple, Robert. The Genius of China. NY: Simon and Schuster, 1986.

Page 3: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

the

YO YO Xavier Secades

M A R C H 2 3 2 0 1 1

Chinese Invention Yo-Yo The Chinese Yo-Yo was created so long ago that nobody knows who invented it. It can be made of wood or bamboo. In the past, the invention has been changed and modern Yo-Yos are made of plastic and string. With all these changes, the Yo-Yo experts can do impressive tricks. With the classic yo-yo you could do few tricks. Through the years, this has been a very entertaining toy for everybody especially for kids. A trick that almost all the people know is ‘walk the dog’ that is not an easy trick because you need a lot of agility and also you need to know what to do during the trick. In other parts of the world the yo-yo is also famous because in modern times it was common that kids had a yo-yo to play with.

Bibliography Book Tervey, Peter. Inventions. London: Timelines, 1994. Print. Internet "Traditional Games." Chinese Historical and cultural project. Pacific Daylight Time, n.d. Web. 10 Mar. 2011. <http://www.chcp.org/games.html# yo-yo>.

Page 4: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

The Abacus

Origin: The Chinese abacus was invented about 5000

years ago. It was necessary for people to keep track of their inventory. I was also used for counting any kinds of things. The abacus was considered the first personal calculator. It was built out of wood and beads. It is still in use today and spread to many countries.

System: The abacus is a mechanical counting device that is

used for making calculations. It is consisting of a rod in which beads or balls are moved. The abacus doesn’t make the calculations it just helps us keep track of the numbers. Using the abacus you are actually improving your math skills. It is said that with an abacus you can do a problem faster that someone using a calculator.

Bibliography

"Abacus History - Invention of the Abacus." The Great Idea Finder - Celebrating the Spirit of Innovation. Web. 11 Mar. 2011. <http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/abacus.htm>.

Mattern, Joanne. The Computer. 1st ed. Vol. 1st. New York: Powerkids, 2003. Print.

‘http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRPBQiSTVJ-HJo7FO9VgZ8zbB1dnCmyxZwLbSI4zVfBMq649bvC’

http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT0nF_J-H20WGDcXOJxRm4ZMWsop5A6_BxQxKPRxeKEG81ET03C

Albert Sultan

http://webhome.idirect.com/~totton/abacus/Photos/Detail.htm

Page 5: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

Bibliography

The Compass Alex Kviat

The compass has been a very useful tool for a very long time and the

Chinese were the ones who invented it. By the third century A.D. Chinese started

to study magnetism and its secrets in nature. They already knew that iron core

called magnetite pointed itself into a north/south position. By knowing that they

started to create magnets. The Chinese were very advanced in their discoveries for

their time age.

The magnets then turned into a compass but they had to go through

various steps to achieve a compass. The Chinese learned that to make magnets you

first had to heat pieces of ore to red-hot temperatures. Then they had to cool them

down in a north/south position. To use the magnetite as a compass they had to

place the reed in a bowl of water marked with directional bearings and you would

leave it to align itself for a couple of seconds. They used compasses wisely until

the eleventh century A.D. Chinese had millions of discoveries but the compass

was one of the most important of them all.

Internet Site:

“Chinese Inventions.” Resources for Science Learning. 2004. UniSys. March 3, 2011. <http://sln.fi.edu/tfi/info/current/inventions.html

Book:

Williams I., Trevor. The History of Invention: From Stone Axes to Silicon Chips. USA: Facts on File, Inc., 1987.

http://www.solarnavigator.net/compass.htm

http://vawest.bbb.org/Business-Accreditation/

Page 6: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

People in China have invented a lot of games through history. In China, most board games and movement games come from war training. People are not sure, but they think it was the Yellow Emperor, around 2600 BC, who first invented material arts. This helped the creation of board games. In ancient China the government used board games to train generals in battlefield strategy, and material arts helped training soldiers to fight. There are many different games that were invented in ancient China. Chinese people made up many of the games we know today. The most popular Chinese game we know is named Go. Othelo is another simpler Chinese version of Go. Go used to be the most popular game rich Chinese people played. People without a lot of money played Xianqi or Chinese Chess. People think that Xianqi is probably the fist type of Chess invented. Chinese people also created the kite, which they used to make them out of bamboo and silk. People used to fly kites as a very popular game around 800 BC. Chinese people made many other kinds of games, but these are very important examples.

Lara Garcia

Temple, Robert. The Genius of China. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1986

http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/china/games/index.htm

http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/china/games/index.htm

http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/Chinese_kites/images/072_6112wChinese_Kite.jpg

Carr, Karen. “kidipede”. Ancient Chinese Games. 1 998. Portland State University.2 March, 2011. <http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/china/games/indexhtm

Page 7: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-image-ancient-pistol-image17005836

2

Gunpowder never went much beyond its

invention. Then it was abandoned for military purpose

a short while after its discovery. After a while it

reached Europe, Japan, and the Muslim Empire. In the

13th century, the Arabs advanced the gunpowder for

military use. In 1280, the Syrian al-Hasan ar-Rammah

wrote the book of Fighting in Horseback and with

War Engines. Then, Herein brought up the idea of a

rocket device called the “Chinese Arrow”. In the 14th

century, the Arabs used gunpowder to attack the city

in Spain called Baza. The next year, 1326, Florence

ordered the making of cannons and cannon balls. By

the 1350’s the use of gunpowder had extended to a lot

of countries. The use of gunpowder revolutionized

through the years.

Bibliography

1

Gonzalo Gil

Guns and Gunpowder

Along silk and paper, gunpowder is another of

the Chinese inventions. The first recorded date of

gunpowder was 850 A.D. Gunpowder was discovered

by accident, after some alchemists were looking for the

elixir of immortality. Gunpowder,used for military use,

was first recorded in 919 A.D. By the 1000’s A.D. there

were explosive bombs that were filled with gunpowder

and then fired with catapults. The fire cannon was a

tube made of bamboo that was filled with gunpowder.

When it was fired, it threw a flaming projectile

towards the enemy. Gunpowder altered a lot after the

years.

2

http://marketplace.veer.com/images/1393596_Ancient-pistol-on-background-canvas

http://www.whoguides.com/who-invented-gunpowder

http://www.all-about-forensic-science.com/gunpowder-residue-forensics.html

1

‘Gun and Gunpowder.’ Silk Road.1997. Silkroad-Foundation. 3 March, 2011. http://www.silk-road.com/artl/gun.shtml

Platt, Richard. Inventions A Visual History. Great Britaib. Dorling Kendersly Limited, 1994.

Page 8: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

ICE CREAM

HOW IT STARTED                      It  all  started  four  hundred  years  ago  with  King  Tang  who  created  a  method  of  ice  and  milk  mixture  (pasty  milk  ice).  Ice  cream  is  one  of  the  unknown  and  unrecognized  Chinese  inventions  Milk  was  a  very  prized  commodity  and  was  considered  great  wealth,  which  meant  only  rich  people,  could  enjoy  the  milk  ice.  

HOW THEY MADE IT                      Ice  cream  started  as  milky  pasty  ice.  To  make  it,  you  mix  snow  and  ice  from  mountains,  with  fruit,  wine  and  honey,  which  turn  out  more  like  sherbets.  

THE SPREAD                    Explorers  discovered  Ice  Cream  thanks  to  the  Silk  Road.  It  spread  to  Europe  with  explorers  like  Marco  Polo  who  brought  it  to  Italy  and  from  there  it  spread  to  the  rest  of  Europe.  Marco  Polo  taught  Europeans  to  mix  yak’s  milk  with  snow  and  ice  from  mountains;  the  milk  dried  into  a  kind  of  paste.    

NO TRUE FACTS???                  There  are  no  knowing  facts  to  prove  that  it  was  created  in  China  because  another  theory  says  that  emperor  Neron  had  snow  ice  cream.  Yet  there  are  known  facts  that  Chinese  did  discover  how  to  conserve  naturally  formed  winter  ice  for  summer  used  for  building  icehouses,  which  were  kept  to  cool  and  were  prevented  from  evaporation.  The  storage  of  ice  recorded  in  a  poem  in  1100  B.C.  

http://tweetfeed.com/margrett/b

est-buy-buffalo-tools-sportsman-

6qt-oldfashioned-ice-cream-maker

http://www.ompersonal.com.ar/OMFIRST2/UNIT2/lesson5/page1.htm

http://history.cultural-china.com/en/182History5909.html

                   There  is  this  store  called  Smitten  and  its  ice  cream  is  made  of  liquid  nitrogen.  They  also  use  NO  additives,  emulsifiers,  preservatives,  or  stabilizers.    For  more  information  go  to    http://smittenicecream.com/home/Home.html  

Bibliography: Web Site: Mallare, Cathy. "The Story of Ice Cream." Web

Institute for Teachers. University of Chicago, Web. 3 Mar. 2011. <http://webinstituteforteachers.org/~cbmallare/History1.htm>.

Book: “Ice Cream”, American Encyclopedia. 30 vol. New York: Interamerican Copyright Union,1966 http://smittenicecream.com/home/Inside_Scoop.html

http://www.superstock.com/stock-photos-images/1828R-16415

http://www.ompersonal.com.ar/OMFIRST2/UNIT2/lesson5/page1.htm

By: Ximena Villalobos

Page 9: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

 

 

 

the  

Kites  

Bibliography  

Kites origin is Chinese who developed them quickly into different forms. It is believed that kites are from China because it was the most advanced civilization at the time. The fact that they were the only ones that had the necessary materials to make kites supports the idea that they developed kites. It is believed that General Han Hsin, who employed them to measure the length from his lines to a palace he was seizing, first used them. Knowing the length he dug a tunnel, surprised its enemy and took the city. The main function of Kites hasn’t changed since their appearance a long time ago in China. They were made out of silk; Even though they have the same functions they have different uses. Most kites use wind in order to be of use by the person using it. When kites fly across the sky they use wind to lift, just like a wing of an airplane. Because of the amount of lift being proportional to the kite, kite fliers realized that if it’s big enough they could move things on the ground. These types of kites are called traction kites because of their function. Kites can also be separated as five types: sled kites, Delta kites, Box kites, Diamond kites, and winged box kites. Some kites are very maneuverable and other kites are very stable. There are kites with many control lines which can perform stunts, while others can be

flown up to high altitudes.  

Carlos  Cordero    

“Kitesurfing  FAQ,  Kiteboarding  FAQ.”  Kite  Surfing  School.  1998.                                                              Ice  Palms  Internet  Services.  5/7/07.<http://www.kite                                                            School.org/faqs.htm    Hosking,  Wayne.  Kites.    United  States  of  America:  The  Mallard  Press,  1992.      

http://gadgets.boingboing.net/2009/01/29/3d-­‐star-­‐wars-­‐kites.html    

http://rainbowcitylimit.com/Kites.asp    

http://laughingsquid.com/kite-­‐fight/    

http://www.hobbyworks.com/default.cfm/Content/fullarticle/hs/Home/ID/233        

Page 10: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

   

 Emilio  Beteta  

One of the many great inventions of medieval China was the mechanical clock. The difficulty in inventing this mechanical clock was to find a way in which a wheel as big as a room to turn at the same speed as Earth, but still be turning continuously. If this could be done, then the wheel would become a miniature Earth and could tell the time. A Buddhist monk, Yi Xing, made the first model of a mechanical clock in 725 AD. This clock worked by dripping water that powered a wheel, which made one full revolution in 24 hours. In 1092 astronomer Su Sung designed his great "Cosmic Engine", a dependable mechanical clock. The entire machine was powered by a giant waterwheel, which made wooden puppets pop from one of five wooden doors at regular intervals, kind of like the Cuckoo clock. It was two more centuries before the first mechanical clock was developed in Europe.

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Nail Polish

1

         You  may  not  know  this  but  nail  polish  was  first  originated  in  China  in  3000  B.C.  The  mixture  first  created  was  a  mix  of  bees’  wax,  gelatin,  Arabic  gum,  and  egg  whites.  Arabic  gum  is  a  natural  product  found  in  the  African  tree  of  Acacia.  The  Chinese  also  added  pedals  of  flowers  such  as  roses,  orchid  and  alum  to  the  mixture  of  their  polish.  During  the  same  time  period  higher-­‐class  members  in  

The invention of nail polish and how it first started:

2

Egypt  wore  nail  polish  similar  to  the  Chinese  nail  polish.    

         During  the  Chou  dynasty,  around  600  B.C.,  the  royal  colors  were  metallic  gold  and  silver.  So,  the  polish  choice  for  royalty  was  the  same.  Whichever  the  dynasty  color  was,  that  was  the  color  worn  on  people’s  nails  in  China’s  higher  class.  If  the  lower  class  attempted  to  wear  nail  polish,  they  could  be  punished  by  death.  Then  the  nail  polish  developed  and  spread  

3

throughout  the  world  and  now  is  a  popular  product  mainly  for  the  use  of  girls  or  women  to  make  their  nails  look  pretty  and  color  them  in  many  different  varieties  of  colors.  

 

 

                                                                           Fernanda  Gil  

                                                                                                     2B  

 

4

 

Colors of nail polish: Bibliography:

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mac4cosmetics

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://theshoe

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://ww

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://msfizz.soda

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://ww

Krauss,  Parris  Carol.  “The  History  of  Nail  Polish”.  Associated  Content  from  Yahoo.  2006.  Yahoo  Contributer  Networks    Aug  31,  2006  http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/55376/the_history_of_nail_polish.htmlhttp://www.associatedcontent.com/article/55376/the_history_of_nail_polish.html  

Perkins,  Dorothy.  Encyclopedia  of  China.  New  York:  A  Round  Table  press  Book,  1999.  

Page 12: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

Acupuncture

By:Michelle Nuko

Over the centuries acupuncture has evolved. Acupuncture, or needle puncturing is a

European term, which was invented by Willem Rhyne, he was a Dutch physician. Chinese

describe acupuncture by the characteristic Chen, which means to stab with a needle. It was used

as a therapeutic technique. Chinese started to practice acupuncture in a strong age they started

when stone knifes and sharp edges tools where invented. It was used as a system of therapy that

involved using needles on exact points of the body. The main point about acupuncture is to make

circulate Chi (vital energy). Acupuncture is safe; due to all the studies people have been

developing thought time.

Acupuncture is at least 5000 years old. Thought in time is has changed in many ways. One

of the ways that it has changed is that now we use many more types of herbs, electricity, magnets

and lasers. Acupuncture is able to influence health

and sickness by creating areas along these

meridians. Acupuncture is known as a

technique for heeling and relaxation. This is a

therapy in which helps your body heals itself.

http://www.healinghandsnh.com/category/services/

http://www.funny-potato.com/blog/chinese-acupuncture

http://www.logoi.com/notes/chinese-acupuncture-chart.html

Bibliography Cotterell, Arthur. China. London: A broling kinaesley book, 1994. Jeffry,A.singer. “Acupuncture”. Acupuncture Techniques. 1996 – 2010. Legend Ltd. 2 March , 2011. acupuncture.com /education /theory /acuintreo.htm

Page 13: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

Chinese Invention Paper

2

captured some Chinese men who knew how to make paper, and exchanged

their knowledge to papermaking for their freedom. As the Christians, who

first used parchment, conquered Islamic Spain they learned how to make

paper. The Germans started using it as well. Gutenberg was the first to

write the Bible in 1453. By this time the Aztecs ‘’invented’’ paper by using

agaves plant fibers for books. Paper spread all over the world: from China,

then Italy, France, Europe, Spain, and Germany. Germans were so

interested in this new invention that they started to learn about Chinese

printing. While paper was spreading, China started to develop other ways to

use paper, like in toilet paper or to make kites. Paper has influenced us

throughout the years, now we have more technology and knowledge on

how to use paper in different ways.

Bibliography For website: Carr, Karen. "Kidipede." History of

Paper. History for Kids, 3 Mar. 2011. Web. 3 Mar. 2011. <http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/literature/paper.htm>.

For books: Bender, Lionel, ed. Invention. New

York, NY: Eye Witness Books, 1991.

1

China has been the source of many significant inventions in

the world. One of the great inventions of China was papermaking.

Before paper was created, the Chinese used papyrus or parchment,

which was made with similar materials that were used to make paper.

Ts’ai Lun created paper in 105 A.D. by combining fine cut mulberry

bark and hemp rags with water, then mashing it flat, letting out the

water, and at the end it would dry out in the sun. In the Han Dynasty,

the emperor Ho-Ti, a government official named Ts’ai Lun the first

to start papermaking. Papermaking helped many other countries in

the world by spreading from China to other places.

After 300 years struggling to come up with paper, paper

was first produced in China and then influenced other countries.

After a few years, about in the 400’s, people in India started to use

paper. Then, in the 500’s the Abbasid caliphate started using it too.

After the war between the Chinese and the Arabs, the Arabs

Ts’ai Lun

By: Valeria Wallentin

http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/literature/paper.htm

http://www.fppaea.org/static.php?contentid=10640

http://students.ou.edu/M/Sara.L.Miller-1/episode_2.html

http://www.tripadvisor.com/LocationPhotos-g293927-d1005861-My_Khanh_Tourist_Village-Mekong_Delta.html

Page 14: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

Printing was invented by Bi Sheng in 1045 A.D. It was very important because it modernized Chinese writing. But it did not change Chinese society a lot. An important event for the eastern world that took place during the Tang (618-906) dynasty was the invention of printing, during the 4th and 7th century A.D. It began as blocks cut from wood use to print textiles and then use to reproduce short Buddhist religious text that was carried as charms by Buddhists. Later long scrolls and books were produced, first by wood-block printing and then, beginning in the 11th century, by using movable type. In expensive printed books then existed in China during the Song (960-1279) dynasty. The invention of printing is generally conceited to be one of the important inventions that advanced of civilization. Gutenberg’s movable type printing press, about 1450 A.D. the best invention for world civilization. The first mention of printing was in an imperial decree of 593 in which Sui emperor Wen-ti ordered the printing of Buddhist images and scriptures. The text was written on a piece of paper, and then glued face down onto a wooden plate. The characters were carved out to make a wood-block printing plate, which was used to print the text.

Juan Carlos Viveros

Printing

Web Site: "Chinese Inventions." Resources for Science Learning. The Franklin Institute, Web. 3 Mar. 2011. <http://sln.fi.edu/tfi/info/current/inventions.html>. Book: Steele, Philip. Ancient China. London, UK: South Water, 2002.

Page 15: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

Rockets Invention

Chinese invented rockets near the year 1200, almost 800 years ago. We know about this Chinese creation because of writings found recently. Rockets haven’t changed so much as the first rockets. The way they work is still with burned gases. The purpose of rockets has improved as time passes and has spread around the whole world.

Chinese and other civilizations have changed the use of rockets during centuries. The original use was as “fire arrows” for Chinese to defend themselves from the Mongolians. Later on, the idea was spread to Europe and the Middle East. Civilization by civilization found a new use for rockets, for example weapons and fireworks, which we still use now.

Bibliography

Kindersley, Dorling. “Rockets.” Fact Monster. 2007. Pearson Education. 3 March 2011. <www.factmonster.com/dk/science/encyclopedia/rockets.html

Virginia, Fox. Rockets. New York. The Creating Publishing Company. 1996

http://timerime.com/es/linea_de_tiempo/182623/History+of+Rockets/

http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/nov/04/extreme-climate-change-solutions

http://dvice.com/archives/2008/11/chinese-bridge-.php

http://hubpages.com/topics/education-and-science/physics/applied-physics/3809

Javier Beltranena

Page 16: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

 

 

The Seismograph  

You might have heard of a seismograph, an advanced instrument that can now today detect an earthquake anywhere around the world, but what if you were told that it was invented thousands of years ago? The ancient Chinese seismograph was invented in 132 A.D. by Zhang Heng a great scientist of the Han Dynasty. This was one of the most important inventions in ancient China. This instrument had a very particular way of working.

The seismograph was like this: It was decorated with tortoises, birds, dragons, toads and other animals, there are eight dragons representing eight directions. If there was an earthquake, a copper ball inside the seismograph will drop out from the mouth of one of the dragons and fall right into the mouth of the toad below. From the toad on which the ball fell, we can tell were an earthquake might happen. Thanks to this invention, we now have a better chance of locating an earthquake anywhere in the world.

http://www.china.org.cn/english/scitech/131762.htm  

http://en.kunming.cn/index/content/2010

BIBLIOGRAPHY:  ‘’Historical  Figures”.Cultural  China.  2010.Cultural  China.7  March,  2011.                

http://history.cultural-­‐china.com/en/50H159H6  “Zhang  Heng.’’  Encyclopedia  of  China.  1999  edition.  

Alejandro  Scopelli  

Page 17: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

Silk is an elaborated fabric made of natural protein fibrin of pods. Silk is a very

comfortable, soft touch fabric, and has the function of adjusting to body heat and moisture and

prevents ultra violet radiation. This fabric can also be used for home like curtains and carpets; it

absorbs sound, dirt, heat and is fire proof. China is the first country that raised silkworms and

wove silk. It was first woven by Lei Zu, wife of the Yellow Emperor. China began raising silk

since 5000 years ago.

The silk trade promoted the further development of economic and cultural exchanges

between China and her neighbor countries, forming the famous prosperous "Silk Road". Due to

its delicate, comfortable and rare characteristics, is very popular among the aristocrats in

European palaces. The invention of silk had an important effect on China’s industry and a great

influence in ancient poetry, the silk trade promoted a large economic and cultural exchange

between the West and East, and made a great contribution to the development of human

SILK

http://www.supplierlist.com/photo_images/21290/Supply_silk__Chinese_satin_Brocade_satin_150cm.jpg

http://bp2.blogger.com/_D8gP6tztDWQ/SFzxOyMxvlI/AAAAAAAAAUU/hcjnGHkIQ80/s400/Chinese+Silk.jpg

http://singlemindedwomen.com/wp/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/Chinese-silk1-430x322.jpg

Bibliography:

Steele, Philip. Ancient China. USA, New York: Southwater, Print.

""Traditions-Clothing and Ornaments." Cultural Cina. Web. 3 Mar. 2011. <http://traditions.cultural-china.om/en/15Traditions152.html>.

Maria Elisa Urban

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Bibliography

Tangram By: Claudia Steele

What is it?

History The Tangram originated in China. At this time this game was considered for children and women, which would make it unworthy and unlikely to write about. The interest in tangrams increased in the 19th century in Europe and America, this was because of the opening up of trade with China, and sailors brought back home new amusements found. These sailors played with this game when they went to trade with the Tanka. These river people were great traders. The other reason these sailors would go to Tanka was to go visit their girlfriends.

For websites: "Tangrams." Tangrams History. 6 Sept. 2005. Web. 3

Mar. 2011. <www.tangrams.ca/linner/tannist.htm>.

For books: Campbell, Lisa E. The Tangram Magician . New York:

A Tangram is a transformation puzzle that consists of seven different flat shapes, normally made out of wood. These pieces can be put together to make different but specific shapes using every piece. The three basic rules to play tangram are: to use all seven pieces, they must lay flat and they must touch and none of them may be on top of each other. Tangrams continue to entertain

http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQPZ2jY428

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Tea

http://healthyrecipes.wikia.com/wiki/Top_10_list:Top_10_Foods_

http://www.chinatravelandtour.com/special_programs.htm

A lot of people may know what tea is, but do

they know its history? There is a legend on how tea

was born and there are also advantages of tea

drinking. In 2737 BCE, a Chinese emperor called

Shennong, had his servants boil his water before he

drank it so it was clean. One day, when a servant was

boiling his water, a dead leaf fell into the water and

turned into a brownish color. The emperor drank it

and he loved it and that´s how the tea was born.

Drinking tea also has a lot of advantages.

Tea helped, and still helps people with some

problems. The biggest problem that tea solved was

stomach aches. When it is summer or warm

climate, tea dispels the heat and brings on instant

cool with a feeling of relaxation. Tea also helps

discharge the nicotine out of the system. Tea also

has a lot of vitamins. There is a very interesting

legend of how tea was invented and tea has also a

lot of advantages.

Bibliography Book: Williams, Trevor I. The History of Invention. 2nd ed. United States, New York: Macdonald and Co, 1987.

Andrew Sorsby

Internet Site: "Tea-culture." Tea in China. Web. 22 Mar. 2011. <http://index-china.com/main/food/tea-culture.htm>.

Page 20: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

THE WATER CLOCK

http://www.crystalinks.com/clocks.html

The Chinese have invented many technologies machines that have helped us. They made the water clock; this is almost the same as the sand clock. It has the same structure and the same mechanics. This clock has water in it and you measure time counting each drop. Someone has to sit next to it so it can count the drops and turn it over. There are few reasons why this clock was invented. It is more practical than the sand clock. It was mostly used in sea because it would float if it fell. After this clock there were more inventions and more developments that were more modernized as time. Thanks to Chinese, there are a lot of inventions that help us now.

http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/museum/exhibit00/06_

“TellingTimebyWaterClock”.LoveWatches.2002.LovetoKnowCorp.March6th2011.http://www.love-watches.com/Water-Clock.htm

Pollard,Michael.TheClockAndowItChangedTheWorld.

UnitedSates.US:FactsonFileIn.1993.

Page 21: Chinese Inventions 2011 P2

Chinese Invention

In China, using zero, were used for decimal math in the 4th century EBC including the uses of blank spaces. Chinese mathematicians learned the importance of using negative numbers and zero; some mathematicians used only blank spaces until Gautama Siddha showed the symbol 0. The Nine chapters on the Mathematical Art, was made of in the 1st century AD, it started when subtracting. It all started when subtracting the same signed numbers, add differently signed numbers subtract a positive number from zero to make a negative number, and subtract a negative number from zero to make a positive number. Bibliography

Asian Inventors and Inventions: Chinese Inventions and Discoveries. n.d. Web. 15 March 2011. <http://www.inventions.org/culture/asian/chinese.html>.

Steele, Philip. Ancient China: what life was like in the Chinese Empire? London: Southwater, 2002. Print

http://www.chinesenames.org/chinese-symbols/images/zero-c.gif

http://image.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/307300/307300,1270521658,1/stock-photo-zero-d-image-of-chinese-

http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/thumblarge_427/12500049391lUn53.jpg

Francisco Fuentes

A Mathematical Place for Zero: It is know in the entire world that the Chinese made the first ideas in developing the idea of zero. The zero is working out even the most simple of math problems. In the 4th century BCE we can see that, the Chinese started used a blank space for the zero symbols, used in Math with the normal Chinese counting board and the smaller abacus; and evidence exists attributing to the Chinese the use of the actual "0" before 686 AD