Michael Eriksen, ScDDean, School of Public Health

Georgia State University

July 2013

The Tobacco Atlas

Globally, 6 million preventable deaths annually from tobacco…• Tobacco accounts for more than

16% of male and 7% of female deaths globally• 80% of deaths occur in LMIC• 100 million deaths in

20th century and one billion deaths in 21st century

Smoking harms the entire body…

Cancer from smoking causes more deaths than all other cancers combined…

“Forced smoking” kills people…• 600,000 deaths annually from secondhand

smoke exposure (mostly women and children)• Over 50% of the people in the Western Pacific

region are exposed to secondhand smoke (highest rate in the world)

Say “NO” to forced smoking

Bill Gates and Baidu CEO Robin Li wear shirts reading “Say no to forced smoking”

47% of youth ages 13-15 years were exposed to secondhand smoke in the home (Shanghai in 2005)

If you are concerned about NCDs, tobacco must be a priority…

Cigarette smoking is a 20th century phenomenon…

Cigarette consumption varies greatly by region…• Consumption shifting from West to East (1990-2009)• Western Europe dropped 26%• Middle East and Africa increased 57%

Five countries smoke more than half of the world’s cigarettes…

There are over one billion adult smokers in the world…• 1 billion adult smokers worldwide (80% are men)

– nearly 20% of all adults• 80% of male and 50% of female

smokers are in low- and middle-income countries• Men’s smoking rates are ten times

as high as women’s in 49 countries• But there is major progress in many

countries

800 million men smoke worldwide…

50.4% of male adults in China smoke cigarettes

200 million women smoke worldwide now, but what about the future?

2.1% of female adults in China smoke cigarettes

Tobacco prevalence and cessation in China mirrors the U.S. in 1965…

References: CDC 2012, Personal Communication, China GATS 2010

Chinese cigarette increase40 years after US increase

US adults, 1910-1950 China (men),1950-1990

Year Cigarettesper day

Year Cigarettesper day

1910 1 1952 1

1930 4 1972 4

1950 10 1992 10

Delayed hazard: proportion of all deathsat ages 35-69 due to tobacco

US: All adults China: Men only 1950 12% 1990 12%

1990 33% 2030 ~33%

Is youth smoking the next epidemic? • Boys’ and girls’ smoking rates

differ by less than 5 percentage points in almost half of the world’s countries• Girls smoke more than boys

in at least 25 countries• 2.7% of boys and 0.8% of girls

ages 13-15 in Shanghai smoke cigarettes (2005)

Tobacco company advertising can be deceiving…

Shanghai Tobacco Company’s “I Love China” brand circumvents advertising bans

China leads the world in growing tobacco…

• In 2011, China grew tobacco on more than 1.4 million hectares of land• In 2011, more than 3.1

million tonnes of tobacco were grown in China• In 2011, China grew

41.7% of the world’s tobacco

The Western Pacific Region leads the world in cigarette manufacturing…

In 2010, 41% of the world’s cigarettes were produced in China.

Tobacco is very big business and CNTC leads in profits and revenue…• Global cigarette market valued at almost half a

trillion dollars (taxes excluded)• Comparable to GDP of Poland and Sweden

• CNTC manufactured 2.1 trillion of the world’s 5.9 trillion cigarettes (2008)

Does corporate social responsibility and philanthropy negate global harm?

In 2010, PMI donated only $25 million from their $7.5 billion profits to charitable causes (less than 1% of net profits)

Tobacco-related costs in China are growing…

2000$7.2 billion

2008$28.9 billion

Between 2000 and 2008, total costs

attributable to tobacco use in China

more than quadrupled

Direct costs of smoking (size of figures proportional to total in USD)

Tobacco companies profit on each tobacco-related death…• $35 billion in annual profits• 6 million deaths each year• Nearly $6,000 in profit for every death caused by tobacco

Evidence-based solutions are a must…Outlined in WHO FCTC, MPOWER and U.S. Surgeon General’s Reports• Tax increases• Clean indoor air laws• Advertising bans• Graphic warning labels

Michael Eriksen, ScDDean, School of Public Health

Georgia State Universitymeriksen@gsu.edu

Additional information available at:TobaccoAtlas.orgTobaccoPortal.org