CHINA IN THE 20TH CENTURY

Empires to Communists to modernization

Quin (Chinese Dynasties)

China united under Shi Huangdi

United all the territories of China

Built the great wall

Empires

The Last Emporer

Puyi

Abdicated the Throne in 1912

China becomes a republic

Republic of China

National People’s Party –Kuomintang

Dr. Sun Yat-Sen

Unite China under a democracy

Moving in a new direction

Dr. Sun dies in 1925

Jiang Jie Shi takes over republic

Eliminate opposition parties, especially the Chinese

Communist’s in China Led by a man named

Mao Zedong

Wanted to assume political power in China

Opposed the National People’s Party during the Civil War

Mao Zedong

“Every communist must grasp the truth, political power grows out of the barrel of a gun.”

Born in 1893

Joined the revolutionary army 1911

More Mao

Became a Marxist at Beijing University

Co-founded the Chinese Communist Party in 1921

Beliefs

Believed China was an agricultural society

Peasants would bring about revolution

Established the Chinse Soviet Republic in Southern Kiangsi province

Campaign against Commies

1927

Attacks in Shanghai against Communists

330,000 people killed through 1920’s

Support of the peasants

Mao had the support of the peasants

Jiang seeking enrichment

The Long March

1934

Communist Retreat

A series of marches, not just one

China during the Second World War

Kuomintang and the Communists united to fight the Japanese

Paused the civil war in order to combat Japanese

Civil War Part II

1946 – 1949

Kuomintang troops pushed back to Taiwan

Mao Zedong claims victory in China

The West

Only recognized The Nationalist government of the Republic of China in Taiwan

Jiang still claimed sovereignty over China

China today still claims Taiwan is not independent

China and Tibet

1949

Invasion of Tibet

Dalai Lama had to sign treaty

Dalai Lama

China under Mao

China supported North Korea during the Korean War

1950-1953

China lost more than a million soldiers

Strength from within

Ministry of Public Security

Denunciations, arrests, confessions, punishments

Propaganda campaign

Media subjected to censorship

Children taught to love Mao

Children studied Mao’s writings

Great Leap Forward

1958

Expand and Modernize industry

Iron and steel plants constructed

Agriculture suffered

Fields left to rot

Agricultural output decrease

Ended in famine and economic chaos

Mao retires

1959

Mao retires as the official leader of the Communist Party

Continued to influence policy as Chairperson of the Communist Party